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Drug repurposing for breast cancer therapy: Old weapon for new battle.

Despite tremendous resources being invested in prevention and treatment, breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer deaths in women globally. The available treatment modalities are very costly and produces severe side effects. Drug repurposing that relate to new uses for old drugs has emerged as a novel approach for drug development. Repositioning of old, clinically approved, off patent non-cancer drugs with known targets, into newer indication is like using old weapons for new battle. The advances in genomics, proteomics and information computational biology has facilitated the process o

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… , cough, diarrhea, fever, headache, infection, insomnia, nausea, rash Trastuzumab-pkrb Herzuma HER2 inhibitor HER2+ Reduces tumor cell growth Headache, diarrhea, nausea, chills, fever, infection, insomnia, cough, rash, low white blood cell count Trastuzumab-qyyp Trazimera HER2 inhibitor HER2+ Reduces … tumor cell growth Headache, diarrhea, nausea, chills, fever, infection, insomnia, cough, rash Triptorelin Trelstar HT-LHRH ER+, PR+, Early stage Reduces amount of estrogen Hot flashes, mood swings, loss of libido, osteoporosis Vincristine Oncovin, Vincasar PES, Vincrex Vinca alkaloid Advanced stage …

Lenalidomide Augments Differentiation of Cultured Hair Follicle Derived Melanocyte Stem Cells Into Functional Melanocytes.

IntroductionMelanocyte progenitors are embryonically derived from the neural crest and subsequently get localized in hair follicles and epidermis to provide hair and skin pigmentation. These progenitor cells in hair follicles repeatedly proliferate and differentiate to maintain pigmentation. Vitiligo, a pigmentary disorder, is associated with loss of melanocytes. Repigmentation of vitiligo lesions mainly depends upon the proliferation, migration and differentiation of melanocyte stem cells (MelSCs) into functional melanocytes. The current study is designed to check the efficacy of lenalidomide

Cytokine release syndrome and cancer immunotherapies - historical challenges and promising futures.

Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cancer immunotherapy involves reinvigorating the patient's own immune system to fight against cancer. While novel approaches like Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells, bispecific T cell engagers, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising efficacy, Cytokine Release Syndrome (CRS) is a serious adverse effect and remains a major concern. CRS is a phenomenon of immune hyperactivation that results in excessive cytokine secretion, and if left unchecked, it may lead to multi-organ failure and death. Here we review the pathophysiology of C

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… Lisocabtagene maraleucel | Breyanzi | CD19 | 2nd Gen (4-1BB) | Adult patients with relapsed or refractory large B cell lymphoma | Fever, hypotension, tachycardia, chills, hypoxia, and headache. … Ciltacabtagene autoleucel | Carvykti | BCMA | 2nd Gen (4-1BB) | Adult patients with relapsed or refractory Multiple myeloma | Pyrexia, hypotension, increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), chills, increased alanine aminotransferase and sinus tachycardia. …

A toolbox of different approaches to analyze and present PRO-CTCAE data in oncology studies.

BackgroundThe patient-reported outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) is used to assess symptomatic adverse events in oncology trials. Currently, no standard for PRO-CTCAE analysis exists.MethodsKey methods of descriptive analysis and longitudinal modeling using PRO-CTCAE data from an oncology clinical trial, DRiving Excellence in Approaches to Multiple Myeloma-2 (DREAMM-2), a phase II trial of belantamab mafodotin in multiple myeloma (NCT03525678), were explored. Descriptive methods included maximum postbaseline ratings, mean change over time, ratin

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… An example GEE model output is shown in Table 3 for shivering and shaking chills. More details on model fit for the model assessing frequency of shivering and shaking chills can be found in Supplementary Table 3 (available online). … As an example, GEE results are displayed in Table 3 for frequency of shivering and shaking chills. The odds ratio of 0.58 reported in the table refers to the probability of having a rating in the 2.5-mg/kg arm of the DREAMM-2 study that is lower or equal to a rating in the 3.4-mg/kg arm. …

Long-Term Safety of Rapid Daratumumab Infusions in Multiple Myeloma Patients.

Multiple myeloma survival has significantly improved in recent years, due to novel agents that are available for treatment. The anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody Daratumumab is particularly efficient for patients with relapse/refractory disease, and many studies have shown its unprecedented efficacy also as a first treatment. However, to avoid the incidence of infusion reactions, long infusion schedules of 8 h at first dose and 4 h in the following doses are required, which can reduce the compliance of patients and health care professionals. A reduced infusion time of 90 min has been reported prev

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… All IRRs at the first dose happened on day 1; they were mild and of grades 1–2: (seven showed allergic rhinitis, three showed dyspnea, and three exhibited chills), and the drug was temporarily stopped in all cases. … Chills were treated with corticosteroids IV in all cases. The median time to recovery after IRRs was 30 min. All patients who had an IRR during the first split dose did not have other reactions during subsequent infusions, regardless of the infusion time. …

babesiosis при ультранизком паразите, представляющем в качестве вторичного гемофагоцитического лимфохистиоцитоза у пациента на клеточной терапии B.

Бэбэзия микроти, паразит, передающийся клещами иксодов, может вызывать инфекции, начиная от асимптоматических и заканчивая болезненными, угрожающими жизни болезнями. Ocrelizumab, anti-CD20 Б-лимфоциты моноклональные антитела, используемые для лечения множественных склерозов, повышают риск серьезных или повторных инфекций патогенами, передаваемыми тиками. В редких случаях младециоз может вызвать гемофагоцитический лимфохистицитоз (HLH). КАСЕ КРАТКОЕ ИЗЛОЖЕНИЕ: Мы сообщаем о случае, когда педициоз проявляется в субакуте с вторичным HLH. 51-year-old Женщина с клеточной терапией B. Она представила

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… CASE PRESENTATION A 51-year-old female presented in December reporting several weeks of fatigue, fevers, chills, night sweats, and abdominal pain. Her medical comorbidities included relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis on ocrelizumab, with the last dose being 3 months prior to presentation. … Clinical presentation can include fever, chills, night sweats, headache, myalgia, and arthralgia. Severe manifestations of the disease include acute respiratory distress syndrome, renal failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation ( 4 , 5 ). …

Quality of life and symptom burden among hematologic malignancy patients undergoing CAR-T therapy: a cross-sectional study.

Few studies have thoroughly evaluated the symptom burden and quality of life (QOL) among patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies who underwent chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. In total, 97 eligible patients completed the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy generic scale (FACT-G) at week 4 after CAR-T cell infusion. We used the Common Terminology Criteria Adverse Events (CTCAE) to measure symptom burden of CAR-T patients during the same period. We studied factors associated with QOL using liner regression analysis. During the period of hospitalization after CAR-T t

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… Additional symptoms with an incidence exceeding 20% included pain, cough, dyspepsia, nausea, dyspnea, expectoration, chills, vomiting, constipation, and diarrhea. The occurrence rates of CRS and neurotoxicity associated with CAR-T therapy were 82.4% and 15.4%, respectively. … 27(27.8) | 1(1.0) | – | – Cough | 39(40.2) | 28(28.9) | 11(11.3) | 0 | – | – Indigestion | 32(33.0) | 15(15.5) | 17(17.5) | 0 | – | – Nausea | 27(27.9) | 22(22.7) | 5(5.2) | 0 | – | – Dyspnea | 26(26.8) | 11(11.3) | 11(11.3) | 4(4.2) | 0 | 0 Expectoration | 26(26.8) | 18(18.6) | 8(8.2) | 0 | – | – Chills …

Infectious Diseases

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… Symptoms include spiking fevers, chills, headache, back pain, cough, GI problems. Splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia without leukocytosis may be present. … Fever, chills, headache, myalgia, abdominal pain and constipation (uncommonly diarrhea), relative bradycardia, splenomegaly, and rose spots (faint salmon-colored macules on the abdomen and trunk). …

Potential role of immunotherapy and targeted therapy in the treatment of cancer: A contemporary nursing practice.

Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have emerged as promising therapeutic options for cancer patients. Immunotherapies induce a host immune response that mediates long-lived tumor destruction, while targeted therapies suppress molecular mechanisms that are important for tumor maintenance and growth. In addition, cytotoxic agents and targeted therapies regulate immune responses, which increases the chances that these therapeutic approaches may be efficiently combined with immunotherapy to ameliorate clinical outcomes. Various studies have suggested that combinations of therapies that target diff

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… , nephropathies, thyroid autoimmune disease | [ 133 ] Pertuzumab | EGFR2, HER-2 | Breast carcinoma | left ventricular systolic dysfunction, neutropenia, diarrhea, and cardiotoxicity | [ 134 ] Trastuzumab | HER-2 | Breast cancer | Nausea, pain, fever, asthenia, and chills | [ 135 ] Ipilimumab | CTLA-4 … , and fever | [ 139 ] Ofatumumab | CD20 | CLL | upper respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, nasopharyngitis, injection-site reaction, and headache | [ 140 ] Tositumomab | CD20 | NHL | Vomiting, nausea, infection, chills, fever, headache, and transient marrow suppression, | [ 141 ] FDA …

Immunotherapy and CRISPR Cas Systems: Potential Cure of COVID-19?

The COVID-19 has plunged the world into a pandemic that affected millions. The continually emerging new variants of concern raise the question as to whether the existing vaccines will continue to provide sufficient protection for individuals from SARS-CoV-2 during natural infection. This narrative review aims to briefly outline various immunotherapeutic options and discuss the potential of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR Cas system technology against COVID-19 treatment as specific cure. As the development of vaccine, convalescent plasma, neutralizing antibodies

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… Table 4 Potential Side Effects of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics Therapy Type Potential Side Effects Vaccine BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222, Ad26.COV2.S Fevers, chills,aches, allergic reaction, neurologic complications, fatigue, headache. 200 BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 Injection site pain, fatigue, headache, … and myalgia, second dose for both vaccines, particularly for systemic reactions, chills, fever, and joint pain. 201 , 202 BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 Anaphylaxis. 203 BBIBP-CorV Fever, injection site pain, tenderness, redness, headache, fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, cough, allergy, muscle pain, abdominal pain, …

Eliminating the monitoring period with subcutaneous daratumumab: a single-center experience.

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… The most common IRRs were rash and chills. No serious treatment-related IRRs (grade ≥3) or IRRs leading to discontinuation of daratumumab occurred. … | 2-hour Observation ( n = 29) | 0-hour Observation ( n = 35) Reactions Any Grade | 2 | 1 Grade 1-2 | 2 | 1 Grade 3-4 | 0 | 0 Reaction Type Rash | 1 | 0 Chills | 1 | 0 Pyrexia | 0 | 0 Pain at injection site | 0 | 1 Dyspnea | 0 | 0 Treatment-discontinuation | 0 | 0 Use of rescue meds In infusion | 1 …

Incidence and management of adverse events in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma receiving single-agent carfilzomib.

Carfilzomib, a selective proteasome inhibitor approved in the USA in 2012, is a single agent for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Carfilzomib is administered as a 2-10-minute infusion on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 of a 28-day cycle at a starting dose of 20 mg/m(2) for cycle 1 and a target dose of 27 mg/m(2) thereafter. In the pivotal Phase II study (PX-171-003-A1), carfilzomib 20/27 mg/m(2) provided durable responses in a heavily pretreated population with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (n=266), with an overall response rate of 22.9% and a median duration of response of 7.8

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… First-dose effects associated with carfilzomib refer to a constellation of symptoms, including fever, chills, and rigors. … Infusion-related reactions were characterized by a spectrum of flu-like symptoms, including fever, rigor, chills, arthralgia, myalgia, facial flushing, facial edema, vomiting, weakness, dyspnea, hypotension, syncope, chest tightness, and angina. …

Evaluation of transfusion pyrexia: a review of differential diagnosis and management.

Background/purpose. Transfusion pyrexia (fever) is an important clinical sign/symptom occurring either as an isolated event or as part of a constellation of signs and symptoms in relation to blood transfusion. It is an important cause of morbidity and may be an important sign of life-threatening complications of blood transfusion. Pyrexia is often a reason for the discontinuation of a blood transfusion episode, and adequate evaluation remains a challenge for clinicians. The decision to stop a blood transfusion episode on account of fever is often a difficult one. This paper reviews the differe

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… A rise in temperature may be the sole symptom, but the recipient may suffer chills, rigors, or headache. These reactions are usually troublesome but not life-threatening. … The symptoms developed by the recipient include fever , chills, headache, muscle aches, and malaise. A thick blood film is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. …

Large sacral/buttocks ulcerations in the setting of coagulopathy: A case series establishing the skin as a target organ of significant damage and potential morbidity in patients with severe COVID-19.

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… RESULTS Patient 1 A 68‐year‐old man with hypertension and obesity presented to the emergency department (ED) complaining of fever, chills, cough, and shortness of breath (SOB). A chest radiograph revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, leading to hospitalisation. … His right gluteal area has full‐thickness epidermal sloughing and focal eschar formation Patient 3 A 73 year‐old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, hypertension, and obesity presented to the ED with fever, chills, cough, and SOB. …

Risk factors and characteristics of blood stream infections in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

BackgroundPatients with multiple myeloma are generally immune-compromised either due to pronounced depression in primary antibody responses or because of anti-myeloma therapy. Infection is a major risk factor for early deaths among these patients. The impact of blood stream infections (BSI) on newly diagnosed myeloma patients has been less studied. We aimed to study the incidence and risk factors of BSI within 3 months after diagnosis of multiple myeloma in a tertiary referral center.MethodsBetween November 2002 and December 2008, consecutive patients with multiple myeloma in Taipei Veterans G

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… Definite catheter-related blood stream infection (CRI) was defined as bacteremia or fungemia in a patient with the central vascular catheter (CVC) with at least one positive blood culture obtained from a peripheral vein, clinical manifestations of infection (e.g. fever, chills, hypotension), and no apparent … infection become evident 48 h or more after admission b Definite CRI (catheter related infection) is defined as bacteremia/fungemia in a patient with an intravascular catheter with at least one positive blood culture obtained from a peripheral vein, clinical manifestations of infection (i.e., fever, chills …

Profile and Management of Toxicity of Selinexor and Belantamab Mafodotin for the Treatment of Triple Class Refractory Multiple Myeloma.

Treatment options are limited for multiple myeloma patients who have developed four/five drug-refractory disease. Selinexor (Sel) and belantamab mafodotin (belamaf) were recently approved by the US FDA for treatment of RRMM. The toxicity profile of these drugs is a concern since these agents are used in patients who have already undergone multiple lines of treatment. In this review, we discuss the toxicity profile and strategies for the management of toxicities of Sel and belamaf for the treatment of RRMM. We conducted a comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Clinical

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… Management same as selinexor. b Infusion-related reactions include a myriad of symptoms related to infusion such as pyrexia, chills, diarrhea, nausea, asthenia, hypertension, lethargy, tachycardia, vomiting, cough, and hypotension occurring within 24 hours of infusion. … Management same as selinexor. b Infusion-related reactions include a myriad of symptoms related to infusion such as pyrexia, chills, diarrhea, nausea, asthenia, hypertension, lethargy, tachycardia, vomiting, cough, and hypotension occurring within 24 hours of infusion. …

Management of Venous Thromboembolism for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies.

Advanced practitioners are an integral part of the cancer care team. Therefore, it is imperative they are knowledgeable of risk factors associated with venous thromboembolism in the oncology setting, including signs or symptoms and management.

Infectious Diseases

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… Symptoms include spiking fevers, chills, headache, back pain, cough, GI problems. Splenomegaly and thrombocytopenia without leukocytosis may be present. … Fever, chills, headache, myalgia, abdominal pain and constipation (uncommonly diarrhea), relative bradycardia, splenomegaly, and rose spots (faint salmon-colored macules on the abdomen and trunk). …

Acute Colonic Perforation with Septic Shock Secondary to Disseminated Histoplasmosis in an Autologous Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient.

Histoplasma capsulatum is an opportunistic pathogen which can lead to a wide variety of clinical presentations in the immunocompromised host. Post-transplant histoplasmosis in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients is exceedingly rare, with an incidence of <1%. We present a case of acute caecal perforation resulting from disseminated histoplasmosis in a patient who had undergone autologous bone marrow transplant for plasma cell dyscrasia. This is a 71-year-old patient who initially presented due to progressive weakness associated with shortness of breath.

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… The patient denied any fevers, chills, or cough. He also denied any similar symptoms in the past and denied any aggravating/alleviating factors. … al | 60/M | Fever, cough, abdominal fullness | Stage 4 mantle cell lymphoma | Yes | Liposomal amphotericin B 5mg/kg/day IV | Expired | [ 16 ] Grover et al | 55/M | Fever, decreased appetite | Diabetes | Yes | Itraconazole 200mg PO BID | Resolution | [ 17 ] Simon et al | 29/M | Fever, night sweats, chills …

Patients' and caregivers' perspectives on preparedness for and experience with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy has improved survival, yet its toxic profile may impact on survivors' well-being. We examined patients' and caregivers' perspectives on the most common, severe, and distressing side effects across recovery (ie, first 60 days) and survivorship (ie, 60 days and onwards) and explored their perspectives on the education received to prepare for CAR-T.Materials and methodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with patients and caregivers addressing (1) how they prepared for CAR-T, (2) the side effects experienced during the first-year post

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… “I could hardly turn over in the bed [because of weakness]” (patient) “Not being able to maneuver like she used to was the side effect that worried me the most” (patient) “ve never had chills like that. … Most participants reported that the fever, chills, and low blood pressure resolved during hospitalization. …