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Clinical characteristics of cytomegalovirus colitis: a 15-year experience from a tertiary reference center.

BackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis is considered rare in immunocompetent patients.ObjectiveThe predictors of mortality and the differences between immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients with this disease remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this retrospective cohort study was to clarify these issues.Patients and methodsWe enrolled all patients who were histologically diagnosed with CMV colitis between April 2002 and December 2016 in the Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: immunocompetent and immunocompromised, and the differences between them we

Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506) in advanced colorectal cancer: a phase I study.

BackgroundIn a phase I dose-escalation study, regorafenib demonstrated tolerability and antitumour activity in solid tumour patients. The study was expanded to focus on patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsPatients received oral regorafenib 60-220 mg daily (160 mg daily in the extension cohort) in cycles of 21 days on, 7 days off treatment. Assessments included toxicity, response, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.ResultsThirty-eight patients with heavily pretreated CRC (median 4 prior lines of therapy, range 0-7) were enrolled in the dose-escalation and extension phases

ICAR 2011. Italian Conference on AIDS and Retroviruses, Florence, Italy, 27-29 March 2011. Abstracts.

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Cell-based immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary glial brain tumor. It has an unfavorable prognosis and relatively ineffective treatment protocols, with the median survival of patients being ~15 months. Tumor resistance to treatment is associated with its cancer stem cells (CSCs). At present, there is no medication or technologies that have the ability to completely eradicate CSCs, and immunotherapy (IT) is only able to prolong the patient's life. The present review aimed to investigate systemic solutions for issues associated with immunosuppression, such as ineffective

Respiratory and Thoracic Medicine

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Воздействие витамина D на герпесвирусные инфекции.

Помимо своей классической роли в регулировании метаболизма кальция и фосфата, витамин D также оказывает значительное влияние на модуляцию иммунитета. Витамин D регулирует иммунную реакцию, переходя от воспламенительного состояния к более толерогенному one путем увеличения выброса антивоспалительных цитокинов при одновременном ослаблении регулирования проинфламаторных цитокинов. Таким образом, низкий уровень витамина D связан с повышенным риском возникновения аутоиммунных заболеваний, таких, как множественный склероз и тип 1 диабет. Кроме того, этот прохормон также способствует высвобождению хо

T-Cell Aptioners in Multieloma: Клинический обзор.

Технологи T-клеток (TCE) сконструированы таким образом, чтобы связывать как субъект CD3 на Т-клетки, так и конкретные антигены на клетки опухоли, вызывая активацию Т-клеток и лизиз клеток опухоли. TCE, предназначенные для антигена созревания клеток В (BCMA) и рецептора с соединениями G-протеинов, класс C, группа 5, член D (GPRC5D) продемонстрировал значительную клиническую активность у пациентов, прошедших интенсивную предварительную обработку, с множественным миеломой (RRMM). В качестве монотерапии ПТО имеют общий коэффициент ответов (ОРС) выше 60%, с глубокими и прочными гематологическими ре

Patients' and caregivers' perspectives on preparedness for and experience with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy has improved survival, yet its toxic profile may impact on survivors' well-being. We examined patients' and caregivers' perspectives on the most common, severe, and distressing side effects across recovery (ie, first 60 days) and survivorship (ie, 60 days and onwards) and explored their perspectives on the education received to prepare for CAR-T.Materials and methodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with patients and caregivers addressing (1) how they prepared for CAR-T, (2) the side effects experienced during the first-year post

Early administration of remdesivir plus convalescent plasma therapy is effective to treat COVID-19 pneumonia in B-cell depleted patients with hematological malignancies.

Patients with hematological malignancies (HMs) are at a higher risk of developing severe form and protracted course of COVID-19 disease. We investigated whether the combination of viral replication inhibition with remdesivir and administration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulins with convalescent plasma (CP) therapy might be sufficient to treat B-cell-depleted patients with COVID-19. We enrolled 20 consecutive patients with various HMs with profound B-cell lymphopenia and COVID-19 pneumonia between December 2020 and May 2021. All patients demonstrated undetectable baseline anti-SARS-CoV-2 immun

Plasmablastic Lymphoma. A State-of-the-Art Review: Part 2-Focus on Therapy.

The objective of this two-part review is to present a current and comprehensive understanding of the diagnosis and management of plasmablastic lymphoma. The first part, which was published previously, focused on the study of epidemiology, etiology, clinicopathological characteristics, differential diagnosis, prognostic variables, and the impact of plasmablastic lymphoma on specific populations. This second part addresses the difficult topic of the treatment of plasmablastic lymphoma, specifically examining both the conventional, consolidated approach and the novel therapeutic strategy.

Particularities of Neurological Manifestations in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma: Need for a Multidisciplinary Approach-A Narrative Review.

ATL is a rare but a highly aggressive T-cell neoplasm associated with human T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection. Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is a oncogenic retrovirus responsible for the development of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), but also for other non-malignant diseases, such as HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). HTLV-1 has a higher prevalence in Japan, the Caribbean, South America, intertropical Africa, Romania, and northern Iran. ATL patients can have an extensive spectrum of neurological manifestations. Numerous factors can be i

Биология и болезни крыс

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Modeling the Bone Marrow Niche in Multiple Myeloma: From 2D Cultures to 3D Systems.

Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow. The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in multiple myeloma pathogenesis, progression, and drug resistance. Traditional two-dimensional cell culture models have been instrumental in multiple myeloma research. However, they fail to recapitulate the complex in vivo bone marrow microenvironment, leading to limited predictive value for clinical outcomes. Three-dimensional cell culture models emerged as more physiologically relevant systems, offering enhanced insigh

Pseudomonas bronchopulmonary infections in a palliative care setting.

Blood stream infections and pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa is associated with high mortality, especially in an immunocompromised host. A large section of the palliative care patient population has varied forms of compromised immunity due to advanced cancer or cancer treatment, organ failures, chronic autoimmune disorders, degenerative conditions, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The lung is one of the most frequently involved organs in a variety of complications in an immunocompromised host and infection is the most common complication. P. aeruginosa is one of the most commo

A novel dual HDAC and HSP90 inhibitor, MPT0G449, downregulates oncogenic pathways in human acute leukemia in vitro and in vivo.

Acute leukemia is a highly heterogeneous disease; therefore, combination therapy is commonly used for patient treatment. Drug-drug interaction is a major concern of combined therapy; hence, dual/multi-target inhibitors have become a dominant approach for cancer drug development. HDACs and HSP90 are involved in the activation of various oncogenic signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, and RAF/MEK/ERK, which are also highly enriched in acute leukemia gene expression profiles. Therefore, we suggest that dual HDAC and HSP90 inhibitors could represent a novel therapeutic approach fo

Updating Korean Disability Weights for Causes of Disease: Adopting an Add-on Study Method.

ObjectivesDisability weights require regular updates, as they are influenced by both diseases and societal perceptions. Consequently, it is necessary to develop an up-to-date list of the causes of diseases and establish a survey panel for estimating disability weights. Accordingly, this study was conducted to calculate, assess, modify, and validate disability weights suitable for Korea, accounting for its cultural and social characteristics.MethodsThe 380 causes of disease used in the survey were derived from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network and from 2019 and 2020 Korean

Delayed gastric emptying in critical illness: is enhanced enterogastric inhibition with cholecystokinin and peptide YY involved?

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Understanding Autoimmunity: Mechanisms, Predisposing Factors, and Cytokine Therapies.

Autoimmunity refers to an organism's immune response against its own healthy cells, tissues, or components, potentially leading to irreversible damage to vital organs. Central and peripheral tolerance mechanisms play crucial roles in preventing autoimmunity by eliminating self-reactive T and B cells. The disruption of immunological tolerance, characterized by the failure of these mechanisms, results in the aberrant activation of autoreactive lymphocytes that target self-tissues, culminating in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. Genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and immun

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a type of inborn error of immunity (IEI) characterized by reduced serum immunoglobulin levels and impaired specific antibody production [ 110 ]. …

In the time of COVID-19: challenges, successes, and lessons learned from studies in cancer patients.

The COVID-19 pandemic created the urgent need to monitor risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality and to evaluate immune responses to novel vaccines. A foremost concern was the unknown risks to patients with cancer, considering their overall health, immune status, and interactions with cancer therapies. The US National Cancer Institute, in partnership with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, established the SARS-CoV-2 Serological Sciences Network as the nation's largest coordinated effort to identify and establish standardized serology tests to study immune responses a

Experiences and Perspectives of Patients with Non-HIV-Associated Lipodystrophies and Their Caregivers: A Qualitative Study.

BackgroundLipodystrophy comprises a group of conditions characterized by loss of functional adipose tissue, resulting in severe metabolic complications and a complex range of symptoms.ObjectiveThis study sought to gain a holistic understanding of the impact of congenital or non-human immunodeficiency virus acquired lipodystrophies on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers and to capture the impact of lipodystrophy on quality of life using a standard instrument.MethodsTen patients with lipodystrophies and five caregivers from the USA and UK were recruited through convenience sampl