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Multimorbidity profiles and global quality of life: a population-based latent class and structural equation modeling study.

PURPOSE: To examine whether clustered configurations of multimorbidity, functional limitation, physical activity, formal social participation, and alcohol risk are associated with global quality of life (QoL), and to evaluate the hierarchical structure of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) using data from anationally representative Chilean survey. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were drawn from the 2023-2024 Chilean National Survey on Quality of Life and Health. Latent class analysis identified health-functional profiles using five categorical indicators (n = 16,46…

Daily compliance of the ABCDEF liberation bundle for patients in the intensive care unit: A retrospective descriptive study.

INTRODUCTION: Implementing the ABCDEF bundle has demonstrated improved outcomes in patients with critical illness. This study aims to describe the daily compliance of the ABCDEF bundle in a Chilean intensive care unit. METHODS: Retrospective observational study of electronic clinical records of nursing, physiotherapy, and medical professionals who cared for patients over 18 years of age, admitted to an intensive care unit for at least 24 hours, with or without mechanical ventilation. Daily bundle compliance was determined by considering the daily records for each element: Assess pain (element…

[Consensus of the Genetics Branch of the Chilean Society of Pediatrics on the prioritization of people with Down syndrome and rare diseases for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2].

In the framework of the vaccination campaign against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the Chilean Ministry of Health requested advice from the Genetics Branch of the Chilean Society of Pediatrics, to define the level of prioritization for people with Down Syndrome . A panel of geneticists worked on the development of this consensus, in which not only patients with Down syndrome were included, but the search was extended to patients with other types of disabilities, in both pediatric and adult ages in or der to contribute to the development of public health measures against the COVID-19 pandemic. The cons…

Effect of excessive gestational weight on daughters' breast density at the end of puberty onset.

The effect of excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) is related to adverse health outcomes in the offspring; however, its effect on the daughters' breast density is unclear. We aimed to assess the association between EGWG and daughters' breast composition (% of fibroglandular volume (%FGV) and absolute fibroglandular volume (AFGV)) at Tanner stage 4 (Tanner B4)). We included 341 girls and their mothers from an ongoing cohort of low-income Chilean girls born from 2002-2003. Maternal gestational weight gain was self-reported in 2007, and breast density by digital mammography was measured in 20…

Home and Family Environment Related to Development of Obesity: A 21-Year Longitudinal Study.

BACKGROUND: Early-life conditions are important for the development of obesity. We hypothesized that home and family characteristics reflective of less supportive environments during childhood will be associated with higher adult BMI and faster BMI growth between ages 5 and 21 years. We also examined the timing and acceleration of BMI increase by adult weight status (normal weight, overweight, obese, and extremely obese) to discern how BMI increase differs across group and across time. METHODS: BMI was assessed in 1000 Chilean youth (52% female) at ages 5, 10, 15, and 21 years. Latent growth …

Evidence of bovine viral diarrhea, but absence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine brucellosis in the endangered huemul deer (Hippocamelus bisulcus) in Chilean Patagonia.

We screened 18 endangered Chilean huemul (Hippocamelus bisulcus) for antibodies to infectious agents. We detected no antibody to bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) or Brucella abortus (BA); two huemul had antibody to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Cattle (n=35) had antibody to BVDV and BHV-1 but not BA.

Effects of methotrexate on the expression of the translational isoforms of glucocorticoid receptors α and β: correlation with methotrexate efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

OBJECTIVES: To test the effect of MTX on the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) α and β isoforms AB, C and D in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in culture, from newly diagnosed RA patients and to evaluate whether the test results correlate with patients' subsequent response to MTX treatment. METHODS: Twenty patients with early active RA were enrolled. Patients who had previously received any DMARD or cytotoxic agent, or who had received CSs in the 6 months before enrolment were excluded. PBMCs from all patients were obtained and cultured in the presence and absence of MTX (

[Hyper-IgM syndrome in members of two unrelated Chilean families: molecular and mutation analysis].

BACKGROUND: Hyper-IgM syndronie (HIGM) is a rare primary immunodeficiency used to describe a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by recurrey bacterial infrctions, normal or elevated serum IgM levels and low or absent serum IgG, IgA and IgE. AIM: To make definitive diagnosis, detect mutations in carriers and perform genetic counseling in patients with HIGM. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied the expression of CD40L, CD40 and made a mutation analysis of the CD40L gene in 3 males of 2 unrelated Chilean families diagnosed as a possible syndrome of hyper-IgM and 3 relatives. RESULTS: We…

[11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 activity in Chilean patients with hypertension].

BACKGROUND: Half of hypertensive patients with low plasma renin activity have a primary hyperaldosteronism. Among the remaining half, 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11 beta HSD2) deficiency plays an important role. This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of cortisol to cortisone, avoiding the interaction of cortisol with the mineralocorticoid receptor. If the enzyme fails, cortisol will stimulate sodium and water reabsorption and increase blood pressure. AIM: To determine biochemical alterations, suggestive of 11 beta HSD2 deficiency, in low-renin hypertensive patients. PATIENTS A

HTLV-I induced intestinal lymphoma.

We document an unusual case of HTLV-I positive adult T-cell leukaemia lymphoma (ATLL) in a 25 year old Chilean patient who presented with primary small intestinal involvement and during evolution developed a leukaemic phase. Duodenal biopsy showed infiltration by pleomorphic lymphoid cells with a CD45RO+ CD20- phenotype. Circulating lymphocytes had a convoluted nucleus and displayed a mature T-cell phenotype: CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8-, CD25+, HLA-Dr+. HTLV-I serology was positive and HTLV-I retroviral sequences were demonstrated by PCR in the tissue. The patient was treated with chlorambucil and …

Cervical Artery Dissections with and without stroke, risk factors and prognosis: a Chilean prospective cohort.

UNLABELLED: We aimed to characterize spontaneous cervical artery dissection (CeAD) patients with and without stroke and describe risk factors for cerebrovascular complications in a Chilean prospective cohort. METHODS: Consecutive CeAD patients admitted to a Chilean center confirmed by neuroimaging. Logistic regression was used. RESULTS: 168 patients were included, median follow-up time was 157 days. Stroke occurred in 49 (29.2%) cases, 4 (2%) patients died, all of whom had a stroke, and 10 (6%) presented CeAD recurrence. In univariate analyses, men (odds ratio [OR] 3.97, 95% confidence inter…

Распространенность коморбидов при множественном склерозе и воздействие на физическую нетрудоспособность в соответствии с фенотипами заболеваний.

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Среди пациентов с множественным склерозом (MS) широко распространены противоречия. Немногие исследования показали их распространенность и воздействие на население Латинской Америки. ЦЕЛЬ: Мы стремимся оценить распространенность коморбидов и их воздействие на риск физической инвалидности в различных фенотипах MS. МЕТОДЫ: Межсекциональное многоцентральное обследование пациентов, проходящих регулярную клиническую помощь, в рамках Программы по борьбе с эсклерозом Múltiple UC и в больнице Сотеро-дель-Рио в Чили. По результатам ретроспективной оценки электронных медицинских карт была про

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Comorbidities are prevalent among Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients. Few studies have characterized their prevalence and impact i … regular clinical care at the Programa de Esclerosis Múltiple UC and Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río in Chile. Prevalence of comorbidities was estimated from the retrospective assessment of electronic medical charts. Disease phenotypes were categorized into two groups: clinically isolated syndrome/relapsing-remitting (inflammatory group) and primary/seconda …

Development and evidence of validity of the HIV risk perception scale for young adults in a Hispanic-American context.

HIV/AIDS is a public health problem that is transmitted through risky sexual behavior. The literature suggests that the perception of HIV risk is a motivator for the prevention of risky sexual behaviors. There is no culturally adapted scale to assess HIV risk perception in the Hispanic-American population. The aim of this research was to develop a scale to assess HIV risk perception in Hispanic-American young adults. A cross-sectional instrumental design was used, with a sample of students from the Chilean city with the highest HIV rates. Participants (n = 524) were between 18 and 33 years old…

[Reference values for the senior fitness test in Chilean older women].

BACKGROUND: The Senior Fitness Test (SFT) is frequently used to assess physical fitness and functional independence in older people. AIM: To establish reference values for the SFT in Chilean physically active older women according to age ranges. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study that included 1048 Chilean women aged between 60 and 85 years. Chair stand (CS), arm curl (AC), two-min walk (2 min), chair sit-and-reach (CSr), back scratch (BS), and timed up-and-go test (TUG) were evaluated. The reference values are presented in percentiles (p5, p10, p25, p50, p75, p90 and p95) and are d…

Vasodilator and hypotensive effects of pure compounds and hydroalcoholic extract of Xenophyllum poposum (Phil) V.A Funk (Compositae) on rats.

BACKGROUND: Xenophyllum poposum is an endemic species of the Andes Cordillera, popularly known as Popusa. Popusa is widely used by mountain communities as a folk medicine to treat altitude sickness and hypertension. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the hypotensive effects and vascular reactivity of Popusa extracts and its pure isolated compounds. METHODS: Hydroalcoholic extract of Xenophyllum poposum (HAE X. poposum; 40 mg/kg dose) were administered to rats by gavage and mean arterial pressures were recorded. Organ bath studies were conducted in endothelium-intact and denuded ri

The BARD1 Cys557Ser variant and risk of familial breast cancer in a South-American population.

Since the discovery of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, much work has been carried out to identify further breast cancer (BC) susceptibility genes … ons. In this study, using a case-control design, we analyzed the C-terminal Cys557Ser change in 322 Chilean BC cases with no mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 and in 570 controls in order to evaluate its possible association with BC susceptibility. BARD1 Cys557Ser was associated with an increased BC risk (P = 0.04, OR = 3.4 [95 % CI 1.2-10.2]) among cases bel …

Characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from cattle and ground beef by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.

The aims of this study were to determine the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in cattle feces and ground beef, to characterize these strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and to compare them to three listeria strains found in humans. Cattle from different origins (n = 250) and ground beef obtained from supermarkets (n = 40) were sampled. The results show low occurrence in cattle feces (0.4 %) but a higher presence in ground beef (37 %). An important part of the ground beef strains (80 %) had > 95 % similarity with a strain isolated from a human sporadic case and the ATCC 19115 used a