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Safeguarding COVID-19 and cancer management: drug design and therapeutic approach.

Recent clinical cohort studies have highlighted that there is a three-fold greater SARS-Cov-2 infection risk in cancer patients, and overall mortality in individuals with tumours is increased by 41% with respect to general COVID-19 patients. Thus, access to therapeutics and intensive care is compromised for people with both diseases (comorbidity) and there is risk of delayed access to diagnosis. This comorbidity has resulted in extensive burden on the treatment of patients and health care system across the globe; moreover, mortality of hospitalized patients with comorbidity is reported to be 3

Inhibition of the activin receptor signaling pathway: A novel intervention against osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is a cancer of pathological bone remodeling with high mortality and severe comorbidity. New therapies are urgently needed. Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, has been suggested to stimulate proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells in vitro, thus representing a potential therapeutic target. In this study, inhibition of the activin receptor signaling pathway was explored as a therapy for osteosarcoma. In a murine intratibial osteosarcoma xenograft model, two types of inhibitors were tested: (a) a soluble activin type IIA decoy recepto

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… A soluble activin type IIA receptor mitigates the loss of femoral neck bone strength and cancellous bone mass in a mouse model of disuse osteopenia. Bone. 2018;110:326–334. 7. Ruckle J, Jacobs M, Kramer W, et al. …

Metastatic spinal tumor.

In accordance with extending survival periods of cancer patients, number of consecutively developing metastatic spinal tumor is also increasing. There have been improvements in the treatment results of metastatic spine tumor by virtue of the developments in diagnostic radiology, chemotherapy, adjuvant treatment, operative device and technique, discrete preoperative plan, and standardized operation. Accordingly, surgical indication has also increased. Clinically, in case of metastatic spine tumor, treatment of tumor itself should be focused on pain relief, preservation of neurologic function, p

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… In order to observe abnormal findings through plain radiograph, more than 30-50% of cancellous bones should be destructed and accordingly, whole body bone scan is the most sensitive test for early diagnosis of tumor [ 16 ]. …

Follow-up of patients with mycosis fungoides after interferon α2b treatment failure.

IntroductionTreatment of T cell cutaneous lymphoma( CTCL) is a controversial subject and the effectiveness of treatment is still low.AimReport of single center experience of management CTCL after progression after first line treatment.Material and methodsWe present 41 patients with CTCL, 29 received interferon α2b in first line, and 12 of them received second line therapy.ResultsOverall response rate for second line therapy was 60%.ConclusionsResults of the follow-up of patients with mycosis fungoides after interferon α2b treatment failure with the literature review and discussion.

Risk factors for new vertebral compression fracture after kyphoplasty and efficacy of osteoporosis treatment: A STROBE-compliant retrospective study.

Kyphoplasty (KP) has been widely used to treat vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). However, the issue of new VCFs after KP remains controversial. Identification of risk factors for new VCF after KP may help prevent their occurrence in patients. This study aimed to retrospectively determine the major risk factors for new VCF after KP, including those associated with osteoporosis drugs used after kyphoplasty. We reviewed 117 patients who underwent single-level KP. During the follow-up period of 1 year after KP, the demographic data of these patients were compared by dividing them into two gr

Anterior Corpectomy Versus Posterior Pedicle Screw Fixation With 5.5-mm Rods for Metastatic Spinal Tumor Located in the Cervicothoracic Junction.

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the efficacy of posterior pedicle screw fixation with 5.5-mm rods (PPSF5.5) with anterior corpectomy (AC) for metastatic cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) tumors. METHODS: This retrospective analysis included patients with CTJ tumors who underwent PPSF5.5 or AC from January 2000 to December 2023. Data collected included demographics, surgical details, clinical outcomes (visual analogue scale scores for neck or back pain, Spinal Instability Neoplastic Scale score, McCormick scale, Nurick grade, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score), radiologic results (cervi

Three-dimensional bone evaluation after surgical treatment with plasma rich in growth factors of Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ): A report of 3 cases.

INTRODUCTION: Medication Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) is an adverse effect of antiresorptive and antiangiogenic agents that consists of progressive bone destruction in the maxillofacial area. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect on bone volume of a surgical protocol using plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) for successfully treating MRONJ. METHODS: Three patients were treated combining surgical debridement with PRGF. Cone bean computed tomography scans were taken prior to surgery and 12 months after to measure bone volume changes. Biopsies were taken for histology a

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… Radiographic comparison of different concentrations of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein with allogenic bone compared with the use of 100% mineralized cancellous bone allograft in maxillary sinus grafting The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry 34 5 2014 611 620 25171031 …

Каннабиноиды: терапевтические перспективы для борьбы с орофасиальной болью, оральное воспаление и систематическое обследование на предмет вылечения костей.

Каннабиноиды, в частности каннабидиол (КБР) и тетрагидроканнабинол (THC), все чаще изучаются на предмет их терапевтического применения в различных медицинских областях. Целью этого систематического обзора является изучение их роли в оральной хирургии с уделением особого внимания обезболиванию, воспалению и регенерации костей. Систематический обзор был проведен с использованием системы PRISMA для выявления соответствующих исследований из баз данных PubMed, Scopus и Web-сайта науки, опубликованных до ноября 2024. Обзор включал в себя клинические и предклинические исследования, посвященные изучен

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… The authors showed deleterious effect on bone healing in the cancellous bone surrounding titanium implants, potentially raising concerns for implant success in marijuana users. …

12-Month Teriparatide Treatment Reduces New Vertebral Compression Fractures Incidence And Back Pain And Improves Quality Of Life After Percutaneous Kyphoplasty In Osteoporotic Women.

PurposeDefine the effectiveness of teriparatide (TPTD) treatment on reducing the incidence of new vertebral compression fractures (NVCFs) and back pain and improving quality of life after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP).MethodsTwo years of clinical follow-up data from primary osteoporotic women who had experienced initial osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) and received PKP plus 12-month TPTD (n=113) or basic treatment (BT) of calcium and vitamin D supplements (n=208) were retrospectively collected. The risk of NVCFs over each 6-month period in the TPTD group was evaluated and

Dental Implant Placement in Patients on Bisphosphonate Therapy: a Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVES: The review aims to study dental implant placement purposefulness for patients who have been treated or are on treatment with bisphosphonate medication. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Structured search strategy was applied on electronic databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, PubMed Central and ResearchGate. Scientific publications in English between 2006 and 2017 were identified in accordance with inclusion, exclusion criteria. Publication screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed. Outcome measures included implant failure or implant-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. RESULTS:

The role of RANK-ligand inhibition in cancer: the story of denosumab.

The diagnosis of bone metastases is an event with certain consequences for the patient. They often mean pain and can also mean pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, and spinal cord compression, all synonymous with a diminished quality of life and often also hospitalization. Since the advent of the intravenous bisphosphonates, things began to look a bit brighter for patients with bone metastases-bone destruction was kept at bay a little longer. The next generation of bone metastasis treatments is well on its way in clinical development, and among them, the most advanced drug is denosumab. Deno

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… Studies in numerous animal models of bone disease show that RANK-L inhibition leads to marked suppression of bone resorption and increases in cortical and cancellous bone volume, density, and strength [ 11 – 13 ]. …

A Case of Syphilis with High Bone Arsenic Concentration from Early Modern Cemetery (Wroclaw, Poland).

Venereal syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum - Gram-negative, slowly growing bacteria. The spread of the disease in the Old World was due to increased birth rate, urban population growth, migration and lack of knowledge concerning the epidemiology. In the past, the treatment was mainly symptomatic and included application of mercury compounds. The goal of the study was to present the case of advanced venereal syphilis found in early modern (16th-18thc) graveyard localized in Wroclaw, Poland. The object of the study is a cranium of a male whose age at death h

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… This sequence of caries sicca formation begins from appearance of clustered pits followed by absorption of the cortical and cancellous bone leading to exposing wide regions of the cranial dura mater and ends with bone remodelling and scarring [ 24 , 59 ]. …

Цифровые симптомы, сообщающие о готовности к лечению до Даратумумаба: слепое перспективное исследование в Множественной миеломе.

Цели: Для пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ) в настоящее время все большая часть лечения оказывается на дому. Хотя такая смена обеспечивает удобство и способствует непрерывному уходу, она также требует новых путей обеспечения безопасности пациентов вне больницы. Хотя пациенты, проходящие лечение на дому, как правило, являются клинически стабильными, каждая администрация по-прежнему нуждается в предварительной оценке безопасности, которая традиционно проводится по телефону. Мы стремились оценить, могут ли результаты, о которых сообщают пациенты в цифровой форме, заменить эти звонки для опр

Case report and review: Angiosarcoma with thrombocytopenia after total hip arthroplasty.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is a common treatment for osteoarthritis and is also performed for other conditions, such as secondary arthritis due to developmental dysplasia of the hip. Various THA types may be complicated by osteolysis and an inflammatory pseudotumor due to an adverse reaction to metal debris. Rarely, THA has been associated with malignant tumors, but their causality remains unclear. In this case report, we describe a female patient with developmental dysplasia of the hip. She had undergone left metal-on-polyethylene THA, acetabular revision of the THA, and left total knee art

Feasibility and safety of exercise training and nutritional support prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with haematologic malignancies.

BackgroundPrehabilitation with regular exercise and nutritional care for patients undergoing surgeries for malignant disease was recently introduced to increase physiologic reserve prior to the procedure, accelerate recovery and improve outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and safety of combined exercise training and nutritional support in patients with haematologic malignancies prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).MethodsIn this single-arm pilot study, 34 HSCT candidates were enrolled at least two weeks before admission for the procedure. Patients perf

Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Use in Pediatric Cancer Patients: A Nationwide, Retrospective, Taiwanese-Registry, Population-Based Study.

BackgroundLarge-scale surveys of complementary traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use in pediatric cancer patients are lacking. The aim of our study was to investigate the use of TCM in pediatric cancer patients.MethodsWe analyzed cancer patients younger than 18 years (n = 12 965) who were registered in the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan between 2001 and 2011. Patients were categorized into TCM or non-TCM users based on their use of TCM.ResultsIn Taiwan, 8086 (62.4%) children with cancer sought TCM treatment at some point. Children in older age groups, including school-a

Radiofrequency Ablation of the Medial Branch Nerves for Posterior Element Pain in Chronic Vertebral Compression Fractures: An Anatomical Review and Retrospective Case Series.

PURPOSE: Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) cause significant pain and disability, particularly in the elderly and those with osteoporosis, trauma, or malignancy. Medial branch nerve radiofrequency ablation (RFA-MBN) offers a minimally invasive intervention for facetogenic pain in patients with VCFs. This retrospective case study explores the efficacy and clinical outcomes of RFA-MBN in managing VCF-associated pain. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 61 patients with confirmed chronic thoracic or lumbar VCFs who underwent RFA-MBN between 2014 and 2022 at a single academ

Fit & strong! Promotes physical activity and well-being in older cancer survivors.

IntroductionPhysical activity reduces fatigue and depression while improving quality of life in cancer survivors. Exercise is generally considered safe and is recommended to survivors of all ages. Despite the high prevalence of cancer in the elderly, few studies address physical activity interventions targeting this older population. Fit & Strong! is an evidence-based physical activity program shown to improve level of physical activity, exercise-self-efficacy, and mood in older adults with osteoarthritis. This study tests the feasibility and short-term impact of the Fit & Strong! exercise pro

Exosomes as a Novel Approach to Reverse Osteoporosis: A Review of the Literature.

Osteoporosis is a chronic disease requiring long-term, sometimes lifelong, management. With the aging population, the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing, and with it so is the risk of hip fracture and subsequent poor quality of life and higher mortality. Current therapies for osteoporosis have various significant side effects limiting patient compliance and use. Recent evidence has demonstrated the significant role of exosomes in osteoporosis both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis, highlight the properties and advantages of exosome

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… Trabecular thinning and loss of trabeculae in cancellous bone, cortical thickness and increased cortical porosity in cortical bone have been noted in older women ( Parfitt et al., 1983 ; Compston et al., 1987 ; Zebaze et al., 2010 ). …

Thalidomide upper limb embryopathy - pathogenesis, past and present management and future considerations.

This review article provides a comprehensive overview of thalidomide upper limb embryopathy including updates about its pathogenesis, a historical account of the management of the paediatric thalidomide patient, experience with management of the adult patient, as well as creating awareness about early onset age-related changes associated with limb differences. Despite its withdrawal from the market in November 1961, novel discoveries have meant thalidomide is licensed again and currently still in use to treat a variety of conditions, including inflammatory disorders and some cancers. Yet, if n