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Targeting Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Acute Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammation and cancer. It is produced by various cells and circulating MIF has been identified as a biomarker for a range of diseases. Extracellular MIF mainly binds to the cluster of differentiation 74 (CD74)/CD44 to activate downstream signaling pathways. These in turn activate immune responses, enhance inflammation and can promote cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Extracellular MIF also binds to the C-X-C chemokine receptors cooperating with or without CD74 to activate chemokine

Galectin Targeted Therapy in Oncology: Current Knowledge and Perspectives.

The incidence and mortality of cancer have increased over the past decades. Significant progress has been made in understanding the underpinnings of this disease and developing therapies. Despite this, cancer still remains a major therapeutic challenge. Current therapeutic research has targeted several aspects of the disease such as cancer development, growth, angiogenesis and metastases. Many molecular and cellular mechanisms remain unknown and current therapies have so far failed to meet their intended potential. Recent studies show that glycans, especially oligosaccharide chains, may play a

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… Galectin-3 enhances cyclin D1 promoter activity through SP1 and a cAMP-responsive element in human breast epithelial cells. Oncogene. 2002;21:8001–8010. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1205820. 83. Shimura T., Takenaka Y., Fukumori T., Tsutsumi S., Okada K., Hogan V., Kikuchi A., Kuwano H., Raz A. …

Osteocyte Vegf-a contributes to myeloma-associated angiogenesis and is regulated by Fgf23.

Multiple Myeloma (MM) induces bone destruction, decreases bone formation, and increases marrow angiogenesis in patients. We reported that osteocytes (Ocys) directly interact with MM cells to increase tumor growth and expression of Ocy-derived factors that promote bone resorption and suppress bone formation. However, the contribution of Ocys to enhanced marrow vascularization in MM is unclear. Since the MM microenvironment is hypoxic, we assessed if hypoxia and/or interactions with MM cells increases pro-angiogenic signaling in Ocys. Hypoxia and/or co-culture with MM cells significantly increas

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… Sewify EM Afifi OA Mosad E Zaki AH El Gammal SA Cyclin D1 amplification in multiple myeloma is associated with multidrug resistance expression Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2014 14 215 222 10.1016/j.clml.2013.07.008 24468132 25. …

Integrated safety profile of selinexor in multiple myeloma: experience from 437 patients enrolled in clinical trials.

Selinexor is an oral, small molecule inhibitor of the nuclear export protein exportin 1 with demonstrated activity in hematologic and solid malignancies. Side effects associated with selinexor include nausea, vomiting, fatigue, diarrhea, decreased appetite, weight loss, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and hyponatremia. We reviewed 437 patients with multiple myeloma treated with selinexor and assessed the kinetics of adverse events and impact of supportive care measures. Selinexor reduced both platelets and neutrophils over the first cycle of treatment and reached a nadir between 28 and 42 days.

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… Inhibition of XPO1 retains tumor suppressor proteins in the nucleus leading to their activation, and prevents the nuclear export of mRNAs coding for oncoproteins, such as Myc, Bcl-6, and cyclin D1 [ 17 ]. …

Anti-tumour activity of bisphosphonates in preclinical models of breast cancer.

There is increasing evidence of anti-tumour effects of bisphosphonates from pre-clinical studies, supporting a role for these drugs beyond their traditional use in treatment of cancer-induced bone disease. A range of model systems have been used to investigate the effects of different bisphosphonates on tumour growth, both in bone and at peripheral sites. Most of these studies conclude that bisphosphonates cause a reduction in tumour burden, but that early intervention and the use of high and/or repeated dosing is required. Successful eradication of cancer may only be achievable by targeting t

The JAK/STAT signaling pathway: from bench to clinic.

The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. As a fulcrum of many vital cellular processes, the JAK/STAT pathway constitutes a rapid membrane-to-nucleus signaling module and induces the expression of various critical mediators of cancer and inflammation. Growing evidence suggests that dysregulation of the JAK/STAT pathway is associated with various cancers and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about the composition, activation, and regulation of the JAK/STAT pat

The Crosstalk Between B Cells and the Skeletal System During Development, Aging, and in Pathological Conditions.

Purpose of reviewIn this review, we describe the interaction between B cells and bone during development, aging, and disease. RECENT FINDINGS: There is an increased interest in identifying the mechanisms of interaction between immune cells and the skeletal system. This knowledge is critical for understanding the pathology of autoimmune diseases and developing therapeutic interventions. Humoral immunity depends on B cells and their secreted immunoglobulin (antibodies). Earlier studies described B cell influence on the skeletal system, with a major focus on the role of plasma cells and secreted

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… Leptin signaling maintains B-cell homeostasis via induction of Bcl-2 and Cyclin D1. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2010;107(31):13812–7. 56. Frasca D, Blomberg BB. Obesity accelerates age defects in mouse and human B cells. Front Immunol. 2020;11:2060. 57. …

The role of piRNAs in predicting and prognosing in cancer: a focus on piRNA-823 (a systematic review and meta-analysis).

IntroductionThis article examines the potential of using liquid biopsy with piRNAs to study cancer survival outcomes. While previous studies have explored the relationship between piRNA expression and cancer patient outcomes, a comprehensive investigation is still lacking. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature.MethodsWe searched major online databases up to February 2024 to identify articles reporting on the role of piRNA in cancer patient survival outcomes. Our meta-analysis used a random-effects model to pool hazard ratios with 95% con

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… Li D Luo Y Gao Y Yang Y Wang Y Xu Y piR-651 promotes tumor formation in non-small cell lung carcinoma through the upregulation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 Int J Mol Med 2016 38 3 927 936 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2671 27431575 26. …

Anaplastic thyroid cancer cells reduce CD71 levels to increase iron overload tolerance.

BackgroundFollicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is a prevalent form of differentiated thyroid cancer, whereas anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) represents a rare, fast-growing, undifferentiated, and highly aggressive tumor, posing significant challenges for eradication. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death mechanism driven by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent lipid peroxidation, emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. It has been observed that many cancer cells exhibit sensitivity to ferroptosis, while some other histotypes appear to be resistant,

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… Magro G Salvatorelli L Alaggio R D’Agata V Nicoletti F Di Cataldo A Diagnostic utility of cyclin D1 in the diagnosis of small round blue cell tumors in children and adolescents Hum Pathol 2017 60 58 65 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.07.038 27984122 44. …

Circular RNA circPTPRF promotes the progression of GBM via sponging miR-1208 to up-regulate YY1.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant tumor in the brain, and its robust proliferation and invasion abilities reduce the survival time of patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play an essential role in various tumors, such as regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and other progressive phenotypes through different mechanisms. Finding novel circRNAs may significantly contribute to the prognosis of GBM and provide the basis for the targeted therapy of GBM. In this study, we found circPTPRF is a novel circRNA that has never been studied, which was hig

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… Overexpression of circACP6 can cause the initiation of lung adenocarcinoma via raising the expression of carcinogen cyclin D1 as a result of sponging miR-134 [ 51 ]. …

Osteocytes and Bone Metastasis.

Bone is the most frequent site of breast cancer and prostate cancer metastasis, and one of the most common sites of metastasis for many solid tumors. Once cancer cells colonize in the bone, it imposes a major clinical challenge for the treatment of the disease, and fatality rates increase drastically. Bone, the largest organ in the body, provides a fertile microenvironment enriched with nutrients, growth factors and hormones, a generous reward for cancer cells. Dependent on cancer type, cancer cells can cause osteoblastic (bone forming) or osteolytic lesions to promote the net resorption and/o

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… Furthermore, Notch signaling interaction increases the proliferation of multiple myeloma by increasing cyclin D1 RNA levels and accelerating cell proliferation ( Figure 1 , step ④) ( 27 ). …

Effect of combining glucocorticoids with Compound A on glucocorticoid receptor responsiveness in lymphoid malignancies.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are a cornerstone in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies such as multiple myeloma (MM) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Yet, prolonged GC use is hampered by deleterious GC-related side effects and the emergence of GC resistance. To tackle and overcome these GC-related problems, the applicability of selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists and modulators was studied, in search of fewer side-effects and at least equal therapeutic efficacy as classic GCs. Compound A (CpdA) is a prototypical example of such a selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator and does no

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… Bcl-XL) and cell cycle promoting genes (e.g. cyclin D1), is the most crucial mechanism governing GC-induced apoptosis [ 8 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 58 , 59 ]. It is most likely that both mechanisms contribute to GC-mediated cell death and that also non-genomic mechanisms are important [ 12 ]. …

The Molecular Basis and Clinical Consequences of Chronic Inflammation in Prostatic Diseases: Prostatitis, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, and Prostate Cancer.

Chronic inflammation is now recognized as one of the major risk factors and molecular hallmarks of chronic prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms by which chronic inflammation signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of these prostate diseases are poorly understood. Previous efforts to therapeutically target the upstream (e.g., TLRs and IL1-Rs) and downstream (e.g., NF-κB subunits and cytokines) inflammatory signaling molecules in people with these conditions have been clinically ambiguous and unsatisfactory, hence foster

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… Several key genes are regulated by NF-κB p65, including VEGF, MMP-9, BCL-2, IL-6, cyclin D1, IL1β, IL-8, IL-18, and BAD, among many others [ 243 ]. 9.14. …

[Консенсус экспертов по комплексному управлению моноклональной гамма-патологией неопределенного значения и склеротическим множественным миеломой в Китае (2025)]

Моноклональная гамма-патология неопределенного значения (MGUS) является наиболее распространенным типом патологии плазматических клеток, характеризующейся клоновой пролиферацией плазматических клеток в костном мозге, легким увеличением моноклонального белка (M-белка) и отсутствием органного повреждения. СмOLDERинг-многофазная миелома (SMM) — это заболевание плазматических клеток, которое находится между MGUS и активной миеломой (AMM), характеризующееся повышенным уровнем M-белка в плазме и увеличенной инфильтрацией плазматических клеток в костном мозге, но без типичных клинических проявлений.

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… 另外一些报道显示，在非IgM MGUS中，有接近半数患者发现涉及免疫球蛋白重链（IGH）基因在14q32和5个伙伴染色体易位［11q13（最常见的是cyclin D1基因）、4p16.3（FGFR-3和MMSET基因）、6p21（cyclin D3基因）、16q23（C-MAF基因）和20q11（MAFB基因）］ [13] – [14] 。除了IGH易位外，在MGUS中也检测到了已知的MM特异性染色体异常，如RB1（13q14）缺失、1q扩增和超二倍体；但上述异常在MGUS中的发生频率比在MM中低 [8] , [15] 。 …

Adjuvant Properties of Caffeic Acid in Cancer Treatment.

Caffeic acid (CA) is a polyphenol belonging to the phenylpropanoid family, commonly found in plants and vegetables. It was first identified by Hlasiwetz in 1867 as a breakdown product of caffetannic acid. CA is biosynthesized from the amino acids tyrosine or phenylalanine through specific enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Extensive research since its discovery has revealed various health benefits associated with CA, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. These effects are attributed to its ability to modulate several pathways, such as inhibiting NFkB, STAT3, and ERK

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… It is also linked to increased malignancy by modulating the transcription of genes related to cell proliferation of cyclin D1 (CCND1) and cellular Myc (c-Myc). …

Recent Progress of CircRNAs in Hematological Malignancies.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are now recognized as key regulators in the epigenetic control of genetic expression, being involved in a wide range of cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Their unique closed-loop structure endows them with stability and resistance to exonuclease degradation, making them not only key regulatory molecules within the cell but also promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis, particularly in hematological malignancies. This review comprehensively explores the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis, progression, and therap

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… Additionally, it led to a decrease in proliferation markers such as proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cyclin D1, and B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) 33 . Circ_0094100 was elevated in AML tissues and cells. …

Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage Repair in the Era of Precision Oncology and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Cancer manifestation is a multistep process involving accumulation of various genetic and epigenetic changes that results in oncogenic "hallmarks of cancer" processes including genomic instability. Exploitation of aberrant DNA-damage response (DDR) mechanisms in cancer is in part a goal of many therapeutic strategies, and recent evidence supports the role of targeting DDR in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance immunotherapeutic response. Improved cancer profiling, including next-generation and whole-genome mutational sequencing of tumor tissue, as well as circulating nuclei

Epidemiology, genetics and treatment of multiple myeloma and precursor diseases.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy caused by the clonal expansion of plasma cells. The incidence of MM worldwide is increasing with greater than 140 000 people being diagnosed with MM per year. Whereas 5-year survival after a diagnosis of MM has improved from 28% in 1975 to 56% in 2012, the disease remains essentially incurable. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of MM including its epidemiology, genetics and biology. We will also provide an overview of MM management that has led to improvements in survival, including recent changes to diagnosis and therapi

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… Dysregulation of cyclin D1 by translocation into an IgH gamma switch region in two multiple myeloma cell lines [see comments] . Blood . 1996 ; 88 : 674 ‐ 681 . 8695815 100 Chesi M , Nardini E , Lim RSC , Smith KD , Kuehl WM , Bergsagel PL . …

Modulating the JAK/STAT pathway with natural products: potential and challenges in cancer therapy.

The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is a critical signaling network governing cellular functions such as immune responses, proliferation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of this pathway is strongly implicated in cancer progression. This review explores the therapeutic potential of natural products, including Curcumin, Resveratrol, Apigenin, and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), as modulators of the JAK/STAT pathway. These phytochemicals exhibit anticancer activity by inhibiting JAK/STAT phosphorylation, blocking STAT dimerization, and interfering wi

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… Furthermore, the STAT3-regulated mitochondrial apoptotic mechanism and treatment with thymoquinone cisplatin combination upregulated the Bax protein and downregulated the Bcl-2, Survivin, Cyclin D1, and caspase-3, 7, 9 proteins [ 53 ]. …

Emerging therapies for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with a focus on cAMP signaling.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), with an estimated genetic prevalence between 1:400 and 1:1,000 individuals, is the third most common cause of end stage kidney disease after diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Over the last 3 decades there has been great progress in understanding its pathogenesis. This allows the stratification of therapeutic targets into four levels, gene mutation and polycystin disruption, proximal mechanisms directly caused by disruption of polycystin function, downstream regulatory and signaling pathways, and non-specific pathophysiologic processes sha