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Influence of alpha lipoic acid on antioxidant status in D-galactosamine-induced hepatic injury.

D-Galactosamine (GalN)-induced liver injury is associated with reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on acute GalN-induced oxidative liver injury. Hepatotoxicity induced by single intraperitoneal injection of GalN (500 mg/kg body wt) was evident from increase in lipid peroxidation and serum marker enzymes (asparate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase). The decreased activities of enzymic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxi

Protective effect of bicyclol on acute hepatic failure induced by lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine in mice.

Bicyclol, a new anti-hepatitis drug, has been found to protect against liver injury induced by certain hepatotoxins. The present study was to investigate the effect of bicyclol on acute hepatic failure caused by an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 15 microg/kg) and D-galactosamine (800 mg/kg) in mice. Bicyclol (150, 300 mg/kg) was given to mice orally once or three doses before the injection of LPS/D-galactosamine. The liver injury was assessed biochemically and histologically. The mortality in mice was monitored for 48 h after LPS/D-galactosamine poisoning. The expression…

Wilson's disease with severe hepatic insufficiency: beneficial effects of early administration of D-penicillamine.

BACKGROUND: Wilson's disease, heralded by severe hepatic insufficiency, is a rare disorder for which emergency liver transplantation is considered to be the only effective therapy. AIMS: To report the features of Wilson's disease with severe hepatic insufficiency in a series of 17 patients and, during the second period of the study, to assess the efficacy of a policy consisting of early administration of D-penicillamine. PATIENTS: Seventeen consecutive patients with Wilson's disease were studied. During the first period of the study (up to 1979), none of the patients received D-penicillamine

Effect of PGE1 on TNF-alpha status and hepatic D-galactosamine-induced apoptosis in rats.

Prostaglandin E1 has hepatoprotective properties in several clinical and experimental models of liver dysfunction. Hepatotoxicity induced by D-galactosamine (D-GalN) is a suitable animal model of human acute hepatic failure. The aim of the study was to investigate if prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) protection against hepatic D-GalN-induced apoptosis was related to tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) content in serum. This cytokine is associated with in vitro apoptosis and general inflammatory disorders. In this study, PGE1 was administered 30 min before D-GalN to rats. In other experiments, sever

Hepatic vitamin D 25-hydroxylase: inhibition by bile duct ligation or bile salts.

Bone disease and low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D are prevalent in cholestatic syndromes such as primary biliary cirrhosis and biliary atresia. Defective hydroxylation, along with malabsorption of vitamin D, could be a factor in 25-hydroxyvitamin D depletion. To assess hepatic hydroxylation during experimental cholestasis, we studied vitamin D 25-hydroxylase activity in liver homogenates of rats after 7, 14, and 21 days of bile duct ligation. We have also studied the effects of bile acids on this enzyme in vitro. Hepatic 25-hydroxylation was depressed after 7 days ligation in only 1 of

Health Disparities in Hepatitis D Virus Management: A Case Series on Improving Patient Access to Bulevirtide Therapy.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Migrants and those from marginalized backgrounds with hepatitis D virus (HDV) often face social or health challenges that can impair access to care and adherence to treatment. This case series seeks to highlight that such challenges can be overcome and should not be seen as insurmountable barriers to the initiation of bulevirtide for HDV. METHODS: Four consenting, anonymized patients were retrospectively identified from UK centers by a multidisciplinary authorship group. RESULTS: Identified patients represented 4 different social circumstances that may impair treatment a…

Dried Blood Spot: A Tool to Ensure Broad Access to Hepatitis D Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment Monitoring.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Chronic hepatitis D is the most severe form of viral hepatitis. Despite recommendations for systematic screening of HBsAg-positive individuals, hepatitis D infection remains underdiagnosed. Standard HDV virological markers are classically assessed in serum or plasma specimens obtained through venous whole blood sampling. This approach is costly and challenging in resource-limited settings. Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling offers a practical alternative for large-scale screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of viral hepatitis. The goal of the study is to evaluate the performan…

Ubiquitinated hepatitis D antigen-induced CD8+ T-cell responses inhibit HDV replication in HDV-infected liver organoids.

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection is the most severe form of human viral hepatitis. A poor virus-specific CD8+T cell response may result in persistent HDV infection. We investigated anti-viral effect and mechanisms of ubiquitinated small hepatitis D antigen (Ub-S-HDAg) in HBV/HDV superinfected liver organoids. METHODS: Induced pluripotent stem cells were differentiated into hepatocyte-like cells and seeded onto inverted colloidal crystal scaffolds. A Ub-S-HDAg recombinant lentiviral plasmid was constructed and transduced into dendritic cells (DCs), which were then co-cultured with…

Association between Vitamin D Deficiency and Serologic Response to Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination among Heavy Industry Workers.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination has decreased the overall incidence of HBV infection; however, approximately 5 to 10% of people are non-responders to the vaccination. This study investigated the factors associated with non-response to HBV vaccination, with an emphasis on vitamin D deficiency (VDD). METHODS: This retrospective observational study focused on adult workers in a single heavy industry. Individuals with negative initial hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) levels prior to vaccination and who then received a two- or three-dose series of HBV vaccinations were enr

MiRNome Profiling of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis D Undergoing Pegylated Interferon Alpha Treatment.

Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the modulation of viral replication and host immune antiviral response. Using next-generation sequencing, we investigated the miRNome profile of circulating extracellular vesicles in 20 patients with chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection undergoing pegylated interferon alpha (Peg-IFNα) treatment. Circulating miRNAs' expression was analysed according to virologic response (i.e., HDV RNA clearance maintained at least 6 months after the end of therapy). Overall, 8 patients (40%) achieved a virologic response to Peg-IFNα treatment. At baseline, 14 miRNAs wer…

Laboratory development of an RNA quantitative RT-PCR assay reporting in international units for hepatitis D virus.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic hepatitis D virus (HDV) is associated with rapid progression to severe liver disease. Co-infection with HDV and hepatitis B virus is likely underdiagnosed due to challenges in diagnostic test availability and standardization. With new HDV antiviral options, HDV RNA quantification is essential for understanding the patient response to treatment. To this end, a quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) assay utilizing synthetic RNA calibrators and a conversion factor to quantify HDV RNA in WHO international standard units (IU/mL) was developed and validated…

Перспективное исследование гепатита В и D эпидемиологии и факторов риска в Румынии: 10-летняя обновленная информация.

ЦЕЛЬ: Глобальное бремя заражения вирусом гепатита D (HDV) представляет собой серьезную медицинскую проблему и кризис здравоохранения во всем мире. Вместе с тем отсутствуют точные данные об эпидемиологии и факторах риска, связанных с ВИЧ-инфекцией. Вирус В (ГБВ) и инфекция ГДВ вызывают наиболее серьезную форму вирусного гепатита, что приводит к более высокому совокупному числу случаев, связанных с печенью, по сравнению с моноинфекцией ГБВ, включая необходимость трансплантации печени и смерти. AIM: Изучение эпидемиологии, естественной истории, факторов риска и клинического лечения ВИЧ-инфекции и

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The global burden of hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection represents a major medical challenge and a public health crisis worldwide. However, there is a lack of accurate data on the epidemiology and risk factors for HDV. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HDV coinfection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis, leading to a higher cumulative inciden…

Cell Culture Models for Hepatitis B and D Viruses Infection: Old Challenges, New Developments and Future Strategies.

Chronic Hepatitis B and D Virus (HBV and HDV) co-infection is responsible for the most severe form of viral Hepatitis, the Hepatitis Delta. Despite an efficient vaccine against HBV, the HBV/HDV infection remains a global health burden. Notably, no efficient curative treatment exists against any of these viruses. While physiologically distinct, HBV and HDV life cycles are closely linked. HDV is a deficient virus that relies on HBV to fulfil is viral cycle. As a result, the cellular response to HDV also influences HBV replication. In vitro studying of HBV and HDV infection and co-infection rely …

Hepatitis D Virus Infection Markedly Increases the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Viral B Cirrhosis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The specific causative role of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains debated and was not specifically demonstrated in patients with cirrhosis. Here we compared HCC incidence in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-HDV coinfected and HBV monoinfected patients with cirrhosis. METHODS: A total of 142 HBV-HDV and 271 HBV-infected patients with cirrhosis from the French ANRSCO12 CirVir and DeltaVir cohorts, with histologically proven cirrhosis and no history of decompensation, were included in the study. RESULTS: HBV-HDV patients …

Non-organ-specific autoantibodies with unspecific patterns are a frequent para-infectious feature of chronic hepatitis D.

Infections with hepatotropic viruses are associated with various immune phenomena. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis. However, few recent data are available on non-disease-specific and non-organ-specific antibody (NOSA) titers and immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in chronic hepatitis D (CHD) patients. Here, we examined the NOSA titers and IgG levels of 40 patients with CHD and different disease courses and compared them to 70 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. 43% of CHD patients had previously undergone treatment with pegylated interferon-α (I…

Hepatitis D virus infection: Pathophysiology, epidemiology and treatment. Report from the first international delta cure meeting 2022.

Chronic infection with hepatitis delta virus (HDV) affects between 12-20 million people worldwide and represents the most severe form of viral hepatitis, leading to accelerated liver disease progression, cirrhosis and its complications, such as end-stage-liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. From the discovery of HDV in 1977 by Prof. Mario Rizzetto, knowledge on the HDV life cycle and mechanisms of viral spread has expanded. However, little is still known about the natural history of the disease, host-viral interactions, and the role of the immune system in HDV persistence. Diagnosis of …

[D-dimer contributes to the diagnosis and prognosis in hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure].

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of D-dimer level in patients with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). Methods: A total of 142 cases diagnosed with ACLF were randomly selected as research objects in the open cohort using the Chinese Group on the Study of Severe Hepatitis B-ACLF (COSSH-ACLF). Plasma D-dimer levels were compared between patients with ACLF and non-ACLF and patients with different ACLF grades. Survival and death group D-dimer levels were compared with the end points of 28 days and 90 days, respectively. The correlation betwee