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Advances in Drug Delivery and Biomaterials: Facts and Vision.

Drug delivery and biomaterials are different fields of science but, at the same time, are tightly related and intertwined. The 2018 CRS Italy Chapter Annual Workshop aims to explore recent advances in design and development in these areas. Many colleagues from Europe participated to the Workshop, stimulating the discussion. To foster the discussion on recent research and networking opportunities, especially among younger attendees, all poster-presenting authors were asked to provide a short talk. The very friendly and stimulating atmosphere allowed the attendees to explore new frontiers and ta

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… The optimized NLC obtained with the mixture Kolliphor/Labrafil using Rosmarinus, Lavandula and Origanum EOs, showed a single peak in the distribution (PDI < 0.15) of small sized nanoparticles (Zave < 200 nm). … In vitro biological studies showed that Lavandula and Rosmarinus NLC were the most biocompatible formulations up to a concentration of 0.1% ( v / v ). …

Essential oils and their constituents as anticancer agents: a mechanistic view.

Exploring natural plant products as an option to find new chemical entities as anticancer agents is one of the fastest growing areas of research. Recently, in the last decade, essential oils (EOs) have been under study for their use in cancer therapy and the present review is an attempt to collect and document the available studies indicating EOs and their constituents as anticancer agents. This review enlists nearly 130 studies of EOs from various plant species and their constituents that have been studied so far for their anticancer potential and these studies have been classified as in vitr

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… Jaitak V Anticancer activity of essential oils: a review Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2013 93 15 3643 3653 2-s2.0-84880643343 23765679 10.1002/jsfa.6267 14 Celiktas OY Kocabas E Bedir E Sukan FV Ozek T Baser KHC Antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts and essential oils of Rosmarinus … s2.0-76749138885 20133123 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.131 142 Yan HC Hong P Yu ZZ Jing S Evaluation of antioxidant and antitumour activities of lemon essential oil Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 2010 4 18 1910 1915 2-s2.0-78549262977 143 Hussain AI Anwar F Chatha SAS Jabbar A Mahboob S Nigam PS Rosmarinus …

Skin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches.

Skin cancer is a global threat to the healthcare system and is estimated to incline tremendously in the next 20 years, if not diagnosed at an early stage. Even though it is curable at an early stage, novel drug identification, clinical success, and drug resistance is another major challenge. To bridge the gap and bring effective treatment, it is important to understand the etiology of skin carcinoma, the mechanism of cell proliferation, factors affecting cell growth, and the mechanism of drug resistance. The current article focusses on understanding the structural diversity of skin cancers, tr

A Narrative Review on the Antitumoral Effects of Selected Mediterranean Plant Products from Southern Italy.

Natural products are a valuable source of bioactive compounds with established roles in oncology. Their structural diversity and ability to target multiple cancer-related pathways make them promising candidates for anticancer drug development. Increasing preclinical and clinical data highlight their potential not only to exert direct antitumor effects but also to enhance patient tolerance to conventional therapies by reducing side effects and improving treatment adherence. The Mediterranean region, known for its biodiversity and traditional dietary habits, provides a rich array of natural comp

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… Interestingly, core plant-based foods integral to the MD, including Olea europaea (olive), Allium sativum (garlic), Allium cepa (onion), Vitis vinifera (grapes), Citrus (oranges, bergamot, lemon), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Capsicum annuum (pepper), and herbs such as Origanum vulgare (oregano) and Salvia rosmarinus … Unlocking the Hidden Potential of Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus Spenn.): New Insights into Phenolics, Terpenes, and Antioxidants of Mediterranean Cultivars. Plants. 2024;13:3395. doi: 10.3390/plants13233395. 42. Domingues J., Delgado F., Gonçalves J.C., Zuzarte M., Duarte A.P. …

Antioxidant Intake and Antitumor Therapy: Toward Nutritional Recommendations for Optimal Results.

The role of the induction of oxidative stress as the mechanism of action of many antitumor drugs is acquiring an increasing interest. In such cases, the antitumor therapy success may be conditioned by the antioxidants present in our own body, which can be synthesized de novo (endogenous) or incorporated through the diet and nutritional supplements (exogenous). In this paper, we have reviewed different aspects of antioxidants, including their classification, natural sources, importance in diet, consumption of nutritional supplements, and the impact of antioxidants on health. Moreover, we have f

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… The content of vitamin C and tocopherols in rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis ) [ 67 ], sage ( Salvia officinalis ) [ 68 ], and cat's claw ( Uncaria tomentosa ) [ 69 ] extracts, which are currently used as alternatives sources to synthetic antioxidants in the food industry, has to be highlighted. … Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Rosemary and Sage (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L., Lamiaceae) essential oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2007;55(19):7879–7885. doi: 10.1021/jf0715323. 68. Özcan M. M., Arslan D. …

Targeted phytotherapy: essential oils, multi-target cancer action & nanodelivery.

Biochemical components of essential oils (EOs) are an innovative but largely underexplored type of precision phytotherapy (PT) in oncology owing to their anticancer activity against many types of tumors. This article discusses the important multitargeted molecular mechanisms of EOs (apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, angiogenesis, metastasis, tumor microenvironment) and their role as antitumor agents. In particular, an effort has been made to emphasize on the most notable volatile EOs such as thymol, eugenol, limonene, β-caryophyllene, and their interaction with oncogenic signaling pathways (NF-κB,

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… . | ( 109 ) Rosmarinus officinalis L. | Solvent injection-evaporation technique | Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil-loaded phytosomes | Phytosomes | Monoterpenes (e.g., 1,8-cineole, camphor, α-pinene); polyphenolic compounds (e.g., rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, carnosol) | Particle size: ~223 nm …

β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide-natural compounds of anticancer and analgesic properties.

Natural bicyclic sesquiterpenes, β-caryophyllene (BCP) and β-caryophyllene oxide (BCPO), are present in a large number of plants worldwide. Both BCP and BCPO (BCP(O)) possess significant anticancer activities, affecting growth and proliferation of numerous cancer cells. Nevertheless, their antineoplastic effects have hardly been investigated in vivo. In addition, both compounds potentiate the classical drug efficacy by augmenting their concentrations inside the cells. The mechanisms underlying the anticancer activities of these sesquiterpenes are poorly described. BCP is a phytocannabinoid wit

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… /Essoildb/ ), BCP as a plant volatile compound is commonly found in basil ( Ocimum spp.), cinnamon ( Cinnamomum spp.), black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.), cloves ( Syzygium aromaticum ), cannabis ( Cannabis sativa L.), lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia ), oregano ( Origanum vulgare L.), and rosemary ( Rosmarinus …

The Anti-Cancer Effect of Cinnamon Aqueous Extract: A Focus on Hematological Malignancies.

Cinnamon is an evergreen and tropical plant of the family Lauraceae, growing particularly in Sri Lanka, whose aqueous extract has been tested in different studies to evaluate its possible use as an anti-cancer compound. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments seem to confirm that it acts on various cellular pathways, contributing to down-regulating the activity of molecules that stimulate the proliferation and survival of cells such as the transcription factors NF-KB and AP-1, COX-2, dihydrofolate reductase and pro-angiogenic substances such as VEGF, while up-regulating the function of immune ce

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… Anticancer activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L.: Mechanisms of Action and therapeutic potentials Nutrients 2020 12 1739 10.3390/nu12061739 32532056 PMC7352773 34. Jonsson A.H. Zhang F. Dunlap G. Gomez-Rivas E. Watts G.F.M. Faust H.J. Rupani K.V. Mears J.R. Meednu N. Wang R. …

Integrated Medicine for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of typical chemotherapeutics among cancer survivors. Despite the recent progress, the effective prevention and treatment strategies for CIPN remain limited. Better understanding of the pathogenesis of CIPN may provide new niches for developing a new ideal therapeutic strategy. This review summarizes the current understanding of CIPN and current recommendations along with completed/active clinical trials and aims to foster translational research to improve the development of effective strategies for managing CIPN.

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… selenite pentahydrate vs. vehicle vs. standard care Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy-essential oil intervention | NCT03449303 | Augusta University | NA | NS | Breast cancer | Eoi (10% dilution of Curcuma longa , Piper nigrum , Pelargonium asperum , Zingiber officinale , Mentha X piperita , and Rosmarinus …

Redox Remodeling by Nutraceuticals for Prevention and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Inflammation.

Antioxidant-rich dietary regimens are considered the best practice to maintain health, control inflammation, and prevent inflammatory diseases. Yet, nutraceuticals as food supplements are self-prescribed and purchasable over the counter by healthy individuals for the purpose of beneficial effects on fitness and aging. Hence, the effectiveness, safety, and correct intake of these compounds need to be better explored. Since redox-modulating activity of these compounds appears to be involved in activation and or suppression of immune cells, the preventive use of nutraceuticals is very attractive

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… (blueberries), Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), Olea europaea (olive), as well as in spicy herbs such as Ocimum basilicum (basil), Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia, and Thymus (thyme). …

Natural Products/Bioactive Compounds as a Source of Anticancer Drugs.

Cancer is one of the major deadly diseases globally. The alarming rise in the mortality rate due to this disease attracks attention towards discovering potent anticancer agents to overcome its mortality rate. The discovery of novel and effective anticancer agents from natural sources has been the main point of interest in pharmaceutical research because of attractive natural therapeutic agents with an immense chemical diversity in species of animals, plants, and microorganisms. More than 60% of contemporary anticancer drugs, in one form or another, have originated from natural sources. Plants

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… Green synthesis of gold nanoflowers using Rosmarinus officinalis and Helichrysum italicum extracts: Comparative studies of their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities Antibiotics 2022 11 1466 10.3390/antibiotics11111466 36358121 PMC9686685 36. Song N. Ma J. Zhang X. Qu D. Hui L. Sang C. Li H. …

Recent advancement in the anticancer efficacy of the natural flavonoid scutellarin: a comprehensive review.

Scutellarin (SC), a natural flavonoid, has been expansively employed in treating innumerable inflammation-related diseases due to its antitumor, antiinflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant potential. Scutellarin can inhibit significant inflammatory cell signaling pathways, comprisingPI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and MAPK, and while activating antioxidant-related pathways such as Nrf2 and ARE. Numerous reviews have outlined scutellarin's pharmacological effects and associated mechanisms in inflammation-related diseases. Several studies have elucidated the mechanisms of anticancer activity by inhibiting va

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… Scutellarin is the main active substance (not only in Erigeron plants) but also widely distributed in Centaurus, Scutellaria, Patrinia villosa, Opuntia, Conya sumatrensis, Perilla frutescens, Anaphalis, Conyza canadensis, Scutellariabaicalensis, Erigeron breviscapus, Centaurea montana, Anaphalis sinica, Rosmarinus …

The Mediterranean Diet, a Rich Source of Angiopreventive Compounds in Cancer.

Diet-based chemoprevention of cancer has emerged as an interesting approach to evade the disease or even target its early phases, reducing its incidence or slowing down tumor progression. In its basis in the essential role of angiogenesis for tumor growth and metastasis, angioprevention proposes the use of inhibitors of angiogenesis in cancer prevention. The anti-angiogenic potential exhibited by many natural compounds contained in many Mediterranean diet constituents makes this dietary pattern especially interesting as a source of chemopreventive agents, defined within the angioprevention str

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… Another example of a popular herb used in MD seasoning is rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis ), containing carnosol and carnosic acid, two diterpenes that have been described as inhibiting angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo by a mechanism that implies apoptosis induction in endothelial cells [ 174 , 175 …

Advancing Brain Health Naturally: β-Caryophyllene and Xanthohumol as Neuroprotective Agents.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) represent a class of incurable and progressive disorders characterized by the gradual degeneration of the structure and function of the nervous system, particularly the brain and spinal cord. A range of innovative therapeutic approaches is currently under investigation, such as stem cell-based therapies, gene-editing platforms such as CRISPR, and immunotherapies directed at pathogenic proteins. Moreover, phytochemicals such as β-caryophyllene and xanthohumol have demonstrated significant neuroprotective potential in preclinical models. These natural agents exe

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… Notable examples include Ginkgo biloba , Bacopa monnieri , Salvia officinalis , Curcuma longa , Rosmarinus officinalis , Melissa officinalis , Galanthus nivalis , Lepidium meyenii , and Centella asiatica . …

Towards Drug Repurposing in Cancer Cachexia: Potential Targets and Candidates.

As a multifactorial and multiorgan syndrome, cancer cachexia is associated with decreased tolerance to antitumor treatments and increased morbidity and mortality rates. The current approaches for the treatment of this syndrome are not always effective and well established. Drug repurposing or repositioning consists of the investigation of pharmacological components that are already available or in clinical trials for certain diseases and explores if they can be used for new indications. Its advantages comparing to de novo drugs development are the reduced amount of time spent and costs. In thi

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… The Rosmarinus Bioactive Compound Carnosic Acid Is a Novel PPAR Antagonist That Inhibits the Browning of White Adipocytes. Cells. 2020;9:2433. doi: 10.3390/cells9112433. 104. Jin J., Miao C., Wang Z., Zhang W., Zhang X., Xie X., Lu W. …

Natural extract-derived compounds for the treatment of hematological diseases through modulation of the bone marrow microenvironment.

The bone marrow microenvironment comprises a complex network of hematopoietic stem cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and non-cellular components such as the extracellular matrix and soluble factors, collectively maintaining the homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. It is highly vulnerable to pathological perturbations induced by hematologic malignancies, solid tumors, inflammatory stress, and therapeutic exposure, which collectively destabilize microenvironmental homeostasis and promote hematopoietic failure, malignant progression, and immune dysregulation. Natural products

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… Additionally, it enhanced the phenolic extraction from various plants, including Origanum vulgare , Rosmarinus officinalis , Hypericum perforatum , and Matricaria recutita . (iii) extraction design tailored for targeted applications. Solvent choice plays a key role in this design. …

Adjuvant Properties of Caffeic Acid in Cancer Treatment.

Caffeic acid (CA) is a polyphenol belonging to the phenylpropanoid family, commonly found in plants and vegetables. It was first identified by Hlasiwetz in 1867 as a breakdown product of caffetannic acid. CA is biosynthesized from the amino acids tyrosine or phenylalanine through specific enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Extensive research since its discovery has revealed various health benefits associated with CA, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. These effects are attributed to its ability to modulate several pathways, such as inhibiting NFkB, STAT3, and ERK

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… hortensis (Summer savory) | 248 | [ 41 ] | Mentha arvensis (Pudina) | 1080 | [ 35 ] Solanum melongena (Eggplant) | 3.8 | [ 42 ] | Mentha cordifolia | 1000 | [ 35 ] Vaccinium myrtillus (Blueberry) | 59.66 | [ 43 ] | Mentha piperita (Peppermint) | 57.6 | [ 28 ] Moringa oleifera (Moringa) | 40–300 | [ 35 ] | Rosmarinus …

Modulating the JAK/STAT pathway with natural products: potential and challenges in cancer therapy.

The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is a critical signaling network governing cellular functions such as immune responses, proliferation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of this pathway is strongly implicated in cancer progression. This review explores the therapeutic potential of natural products, including Curcumin, Resveratrol, Apigenin, and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), as modulators of the JAK/STAT pathway. These phytochemicals exhibit anticancer activity by inhibiting JAK/STAT phosphorylation, blocking STAT dimerization, and interfering wi

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… Around 2.95% Ursolic acid is reported to be present in the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis. Recently, for the first time, Ursolic acid was identified in commercially available dry fruits and edible wild mushrooms [ 75 ]. Ursolic acid plays a crucial role in modulating the JAK/STAT pathway. …

Molecular Diversity of Lupane Hybrids in Drug Design and Materials Science.

The need for new, more effective drugs to treat cancer, infectious diseases, various parasitic infestations, and metabolic disorders requires innovative approaches to the design of promising molecules. One of these areas is the creation of hybrid structures. Lupane triterpenoids are of significant interest for such research due to their high abundance in natural sources and their renewable nature, their molecular architecture, presence of several easily modifiable functional groups, enantiomeric purity, broad spectrum of biological activity, and low toxicity. Active research into the biologica

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… For instance, BA can be detected in olive oil and in the leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The primary source of betulin (BE) 1 is the bark of trees, considered industrially significant. …

Potential Protective Role Exerted by Secoiridoids from Olea europaea L. in Cancer, Cardiovascular, Neurodegenerative, Aging-Related, and Immunoinflammatory Diseases.

Iridoids, which have beneficial health properties, include a wide group of cyclopentane [c] pyran monoterpenoids present in plants and insects. The cleavage of the cyclopentane ring leads to secoiridoids. Mainly, secoiridoids have shown a variety of pharmacological effects including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity, which increase the interest of studying these types of bioactive compounds in depth. Secoiridoids are thoroughly distributed in several families of plants such as Oleaceae, Valerianaceae, Gentianaceae a