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New Insights into Intestinal Permeability in Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Like Disorders: Histological and Ultrastructural Findings of Duodenal Biopsies.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and bloating are frequent in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like disorders, although little is known about their intestinal ultrastructural alterations. The aim of the present study was to study duodenal biopsies from IBS-like patients to find ultrastructural alterations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study design: descriptive comparative pilot study. Thirty outpatients (9 male and 21 female; median age 37.7 years; range, 20 to 65 years) complaining of IBS-like symptoms were enrolled between January 2015 to May 2019 and were divided into 6 groups, each e

[Expression of Adenovirus-mediated Human Clotting Factor IX Gene in Mouse Adipose-derived Stem Cells].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the adenovirus-mediated expression of human clotting factor IX (hFIX) gene in mouse adipose-derived stem cells(ADS … overall growth trend of the third generation ADSC cultured in vitro was S-shaped. The formation of lipid droplets could be observed in the induced cells with Oil red O staining by inverted microscope. After alizarin red staining, the orange-red calcified bone nodes were observed in the induced cells under inverted phase contrast microscope. CD29 (99.91%) and CD …

Типовая система для создания композиций оплодотворения вирусом тик-Борна Энцефалита без оплодотворения вирусом РНК.

Флавивирус — это позитивный, однострунный вирусный род РНК, при этом его члены вызывают серьезные заболевания у людей, такие, как энцефалит тика, желтая лихорадка и лихорадка денге. Известно, что флавивирусы вызывают реконструирование внутриклеточных мембран в небольшие канавы, где происходит воспроизведение вирусной РНК. Неструктурные (NS) белки не являются частью пальто вируса и, как предполагается, участвуют в формировании этих вирусных репликационных отсеков (RC). Здесь мы использовали вирус энцефалита (ТБЭВ) в качестве модели для флавивирусов и разработали стабильную линию человеческих кл

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Flavivirus is a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viral genus, with members causing severe diseases in humans such as tick-borne encephali … he ER, and electron tomography reveals that the dilated areas of the ER are closely associated with lipid droplets and mitochondria. We propose that the NS proteins drive the remodeling of ER membranes and that viral RNA, RNA replication, viral polymerase, and TBEV structural proteins are not required.IMPORTANCE TBEV infection causes a broad spectrum of symptoms …

Concentration dependent antioxidative and apoptotic effects of sulforaphane on bovine granulosa cells in vitro.

Sulforaphane (SFN) has received a great deal of research attention because of its ability to induce the production of a battery of antioxida … mulation was higher in GCs treated with 20 μM SFN which in turn results in a higher accumulation of lipid droplets. Compared to control, no changes in the mitochondrial activity was observed at 2 and 10 μM SFN concentrations; however, significantly lower mitochondrial activity was found at high concentration (20 μM). The results of this study clearly showed that …

Cultivation of Acidophilic Algae Galdieria sulphuraria and Pseudochlorella sp. YKT1 in Media Derived from Acidic Hot Springs.

Microalgae possess a high potential for producing pigments, antioxidants, and lipophilic compounds for industrial applications. However, the … . sp. YKT1 cells in the Tamagawa water supplemented with a nitrogen source formed a large amount of lipid droplets while maintaining cellular growth. These results indicate the potential of sulfuric hot spring waters for large-scale algal cultivation at a low cost.

Patients with familial partial lipodystrophy of the Dunnigan type due to a LMNA R482W mutation show muscular and cardiac abnormalities.

Diseases due to mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA) are highly heterogeneous, including neuromuscular and cardiac dystrophies, lipodystro … stology was compatible with muscular dystrophy in one of them and/or showed a nonspecific excess of lipid droplets (in three cases). Immunostaining of lamin A/C was normal in the six muscular biopsies. Surprisingly, calpain 3 expression was undetectable in the patient with the severe limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, although the gene did not reveal any molecular …

Reproductive abnormalities in human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 transgenic male mice.

Adult transgenic mice overexpressing human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 in the liver present reproductive abnormalities in b … ig cells in homozygous transgenic mice exhibited an altered appearance, with a 1.8-fold increase in lipid droplets in their cytoplasm (P < 0.001). Moreover, the concentration of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase was 66% lower in testis from transgenics compared with those from normal mice (P = 0.01), leading to a tendency toward lower plasma testosterone levels …

Increased secretory activity and estradiol receptor expression are among other relevant aspects of MCF-7 human breast tumor cell growth which are expressed only in the absence of serum.

We compared the morphology, clonogenic ability, Percoll gradient distribution, estrogen receptor proteins, and interactions with mesenchymal … CHEF/18 was also stimulated by FCS-I for the first 48 h, but thereafter ceased growth and acquired lipid droplets and a differentiated morphology. With ID medium, CHEF/18 cells were only partially inhibited with no changes in morphology. The Percoll gradient profiles of ID cells showed the same six fractions of increasing density as recently described. However, …

[Ultrastructural studies on the surface of Paragonimus westermani metacercaria].

The present study was undertaken to demonstrate the surface structure of Paragonimus westermani metacercaria in Korea with special reference … cytoplasm many secretory granules, mitochondria, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticula, ribosomes and lipid droplets were observed.

Ultrastructural Study and Immunohistochemical Characteristics of Mesencephalic Tegmentum in Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) Brain After Acute Traumatic Injury.

The ultrastructural organization of the nuclei of the tegmental region in juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) was examined using transm … nce of numerous mitochondria, polyribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and cytoplasmic inclusions (vacuoles, lipid droplets, and dense bodies), were distinguished. It was found that large interneurons of the NFLM formed contacts with protoplasmic astrocytes. Excitatory synaptic structures were identified in the tegmentum and their detailed characteristic are provided for …

Adipose stem cell-targeted local delivery of forskolin induces de novo beige adipogenesis and adipose tissue browning to combat obesity.

White adipose tissue (WAT) browning is a promising strategy to combat obesity and metabolic disorders. However, current browning inducers often suffer from off-target effects and poor durability. Beige adipocytes, arising through de novo differentiation from adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs), offer a potential avenue for sustained thermogenesis. Here, we identified that forskolin (FSK) effectively induced the differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells (a mesenchymal stem cell line) into beige adipocytes, evidenced by multilocular lipid droplets, enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and function, …

Effect of Antidepressants on Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and their Underlying Mechanism.

INTRODUCTION: The high prevalence of non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), a chronic progressive disease characterized by hepatic steat … ith depression. In vitro experiments revealed a subsequent increase in the content of intracellular lipid droplets as mirtazapine concentration increased. Mechanistic studies showed that mirtazapine increased the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA in hepatocytes and the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, and p-NF-κB-p65 proteins in a dose-de …

Oviduct epithelial spheroids during in vitro culture of bovine embryos mitigate oxidative stress, improve blastocyst quality and change the embryonic transcriptome.

BACKGROUND: In vitro embryo production is increasingly used for genetic improvement in cattle but bypasses the oviduct environment and exposes the embryos to oxidative stress with deleterious effects on further development. Here we aimed to examine the effect of oviduct epithelial spheroids (OES) on embryo development and quality in terms of morphology and gene expression during two co-culture times (4 days: up to embryonic genome activation at 8-16 cell stage vs. 7 days: up to blastocyst stage) and under two oxygen levels (5% vs. 20%). METHODS: Bovine presumptive zygotes produced by in vitro

Characteristics of T2* and anisotropy parameters in inguinal and epididymal adipose tissues after cold exposure in mice.

White adipose tissue (WAT) in mice undergoes browning in response to cold exposure. Brown and beige adipocytes contain multilocular lipid droplets and abundant iron-containing mitochondria expressing uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1). Cold exposure-induced browning WAT is accompanied by increased density of blood vessels and sympathetic nerve fibres. A previous study reported a more than threefold increase in sympathetic nerve dendritic tone in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) after cold exposure. Therefore, we hypothesized that water molecule diffusion would be more restricted in brown and bei…

Natural products derived steroids as potential anti-leishmanial agents; disease prevalence, underlying mechanisms and future perspectives.

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne infection caused by protozoan parasites from the genus leishmania and is among the most neglected tropical d … n of ROS, mitochondrial depolarization, morphological and ultra-structural changes, accumulation of lipid droplets, depletion of non-protein thiols and triggering apoptotic pathways. In conclusion, leishmaniasis is a major health problem in many countries. Plants-derived steroids moieties have reveled efficacy against leishmaniasis and is a source of lead compou …

Alcoholic fatty liver disease inhibited the co-expression of Fmo5 and PPARα to activate the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing liver injury via inducing gut microbiota disturbance.

BACKGROUND: Alcohol-induced intestinal dysbiosis disrupts and inflammatory responses are essential in the development of alcoholic fatty liv … tect protein expression. ELISA assay was used to detect the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines. Lipid droplets in the cytoplasm were observed using Oil Red O staining. Apoptosis was detected using a TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis. ROS levels were detected using flow cytometry analysis. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was observed using immunofluo …

Distinct cardiac energy metabolism and oxidative stress adaptations between obese and non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Little is known about the pathophysiological diversity of myocardial injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but analyzing th … and persistent myocardial lipotoxicity, mainly manifested by increased FFAs uptake, accumulation of lipid droplets and glycogen, accompanied by continuous activation of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARα) pathway and phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (p-GSK-3β), and sustained inhibition of glucose transport protein 4 (GLUT4) …

In Vitro and In Vivo Efficacy of DNA Damage Repair Inhibitor Veliparib in Combination with Artesunate against Echinococcus granulosus.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the cestode Echinococcus granulosus, is a worldwide chronic zoonosis. Albendazole (ABZ) and mebendazol … colicidal effects. Ultrastructural change revealed that germinal layer (GL) cells were reduced, and lipid droplets appeared. AS could induce DNA injuries in PSCs. The 8-OHdG was expressed in the PSCs and GL of the cysts in mice, especially in the presence of Veliparib. The most severe DNA damages were observed in the AS-H+Veliparib group. Meanwhile, the expressi …

Nonenzymatic and Trophic Activities of Carboxypeptidase E Regulate Bone Mass and Bioenergetics of Skeletal Stem Cells in Mice.

Bone and energy metabolism are integrated by common regulatory mechanisms. Carboxypeptidase E (CPE), also known as obesity susceptibility pr … eosteoblastic cells with intact or mutated recombinant CPE led to a transient accumulation of small lipid droplets, increased oxidative phosphorylation, and increased cellular dependence on fatty acids as fuel for energy production. In human marrow aspirates, CPE expression increases up to 30-fold in osteogenic conditions. These findings suggest that nonenzymati …

The human arthritic hip joint is a source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with extensive multipotent differentiation potential.

BACKGROUND: While multiple in vitro studies examined mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow or hyaline cartilage, there i … milar adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacity as proven by the histological detection of lipid droplets or deposits of extracellular calcium and collagen type I. After 27 days of chondrogenesis proteoglycans accumulated in the differentiated MSC-pellets from all donor tissues. Immunohistochemical staining revealed vast amounts of collagen type II in a …