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Hematology

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… Chronic phase → accelerated phase → blast crisis, 2/3 myeloid, 1/3 lymphoid chronic phase (5–6 years)—<15% blasts, <20% basophils, and <30% blasts plus promyelocytes accelerated phase (6–9 months)—15–29% blasts, ≥20% basophils, ≥30% blasts+ promyelocytes or platelets<100×10 3 /μL blast crisis (3–6 months … Both disorders have risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia MYELOID —neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, erythrocytes, platelets, and their precursors. Myeloid malignancies include AML and CML LYMPHOID —B cells, T cells, natural killer cells. …

Hematology

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… Chronic phase → accelerated phase → blast crisis, 2/3 myeloid, 1/3 lymphoid chronic phase (5–6 years)— < 15% blasts, <20% basophils, and <30% blasts plus promyelocytes accelerated phase (6–9 months)—15–29% blasts, ≥20% basophils, ≥30% blasts + promyelocytes or platelets <100 × 10 3 /μL blast crisis ( … Both disorders have risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia MYELOID —neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, erythrocytes, platelets, and their precursors. Myeloid malignancies include AML and CML LYMPHOID —B cells, T cells, natural killer cells. …

Терапевтическое применение иммунобиологии в аутоиммунных и воспаленных заболеваниях.

Иммунобиологика или биологическая экспертиза революционизировали терапевтическую парадигму аутоиммунных и подстрекательских заболеваний путем выборочного целеопределения и модуляции дисрегулированных иммунных путей. По сравнению с обычными широкоспектральными иммунопрепрессантами биологика обеспечивает более конкретный и основанный на механизмах рациональный подход, зачастую связанный с повышением эффективности и сокращением неблагоприятных явлений. В этом обзоре содержится всеобъемлющий обзор репертуара терапевтической биологики, механизмов их действий, важнейших клинических испытаний и клини

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… intestinal mucosa. α4β7 is a key mediator of leucocyte homing to the gastrointestinal tract via interactions with mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) expressed on high endothelial venules in the gut mucosa [ 96 , 97 , 98 ]. α4β7 is expressed on monocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils …

Роли глюкагонового пептида 1 Агонисты-рецепторы в биологии иммунных клеток и аутоиммунных/аутоинфлампмидативных заболеваниях.

Глукагон-подобный peptide-1 (В тыс.GLP-1) — гормон, полученный кишечником, необходимый для поддержания глюкозы гомеостаза через многочисленные физиологические пути: инсулина, ингибирующего секрецию глюкагонов, замедляющего опустошение желудочков, усиливающего чувство полноты и подавляющего аппетит. С тех пор GLP-1 может разлагаться при помощи дипептидила пептидаза 4, GLP-1 рецепторные агонисты (GLP-1RAs) были разработаны для решения этой проблемы деградации. В настоящее время GLP-1RAs стали высокоэффективными методами лечения для управления типом 2 сахарный диабет и ожирение. Помимо их хорошо

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… GLP-1R is expressed on neutrophils and eosinophils [ 128 , 129 ], and its expression on basophils has not yet been reported. … It has been demonstrated that basophils can regulate the entry of eosinophils into sites of inflammatory tissue through activation-induced interactions with endothelial cells [ 134 ]. …

Effects of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, EPA and DHA, on hematological malignancies: a systematic review.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have well established anti-cancer properties. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are among this biologically active family of macromolecules for which various anti-cancer effects have been explained. These PUFAs have a high safety profile and can induce apoptosis and inhibit growth of cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, following a partially selective manner. They also increase the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents by increasing the sensitivity of different cell lines to specific anti-neoplastic drugs. Various mechanisms

Оценка изменений в геморрологических переменных у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Множественный склероз (MS) — нейродегенеративное состояние, обусловленное главным образом дисрегуляцией иммунной системы. Однако появляющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что дополнительные факторы, такие, как нейродегенерация, независимо от иммунных процессов, могут также способствовать патологии MS. С учетом значительного числа случаев гипоперизолирования головного мозга, наблюдавшихся у пациентов с церебральным кровотечением от раннего до продвинутого этапа заболевания, исследование гемореологии или револогии крови, которое включает изучение свойств кровотока крови и плазменных белковых со

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… Numerous studies indicate elevated total white blood cell (WBC) counts and specific components of WBC, including neutrophils, basophils, and monocytes, in the peripheral blood of MS patients. … At the time of diagnosis, individuals with MS exhibited higher counts of basophils and neutrophils compared to the healthy group, while the numbers of lymphocytes and eosinophils did not differ between the two groups [ 47 ]. …

IgA plasma cell leukemia.

Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare entity. There are two presentations of PCL, primary or secondary. The primary or de novo form of PCL presents with an acute and rapidly progressive leukemic phase. This form occurs when the patient has no pre-existing multiple myeloma (MM). The secondary form is the most advanced form of MM. The PCL is a rare disorder representing 1-2% of the diagnosed cases of MM. Median age at presentation is usually above 50 years. The monoclonal protein in patients with PCL may be IgG (50%), IgA (15%), or in rare cases IgD or IgE (6%). We report a case of IgA primary PC

Arterial stiffness in hematologic malignancies.

Malignant and cardiovascular disorders are the top causes of mortality worldwide. This article reviews the main literature data and mechanisms linking hematologic malignancies and arterial stiffness, focusing on recent experimental and clinical results. Several links were found in hematologic malignancies between complete blood count and arterial stiffness. Chemotherapy, especially anthracyclines, cyclophosphamide and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as radiotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are the main known causes of arterial stiffness increase in hematologic malignanci

A Case of Anti-AMY1-Positive Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Severe Hyperamylasemia Linked to Disease Progression.

A 74-year-old man presented with abdominal pain. Preoperative evaluation for small bowel perforation revealed a 74-mm tumour shadow obstructing the right lower lobe bronchus. Endobronchial biopsy from the truncus intermedius was diagnostic of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Pathological findings in the small intestine were consistent with SCC. Based on other radiological findings, the patient was diagnosed with stage IVB (cT4N3M1c) lung SCC (LUSC). Serum amylase levels were elevated at 1693 U/L (pancreatic amylase 184 U/L) prior to treatment. AMY1 (2D4) immunohistochemistry was positive, confir

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… Laboratory tests showed a white blood cell (WBC) count of 10,050/μL (neutrophils: 81.8%, lymphocytes: 12.7%, eosinophils: 0.3%, monocytes: 4.9%, basophils: 0.3%), a C‐reactive protein (CRP) level of 1.99 mg/dL and tumour markers (CYFRA: 2.1 ng/mL; squamous cell carcinoma antigen [SCCA]: 81.9 ng/mL; neuron‐specific …

Concurrent Myelomatous Pleural Effusion and Extramedullary Mediastinal Involvement as an Initial Manifestation of Multiple Myeloma.

BACKGROUND Myelomatous pleural effusion (MPE) is a rare occurrence in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Fewer than 20 cases of MPE have been reported as an initial manifestation of MM. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) occurs in fewer than 5% patients with MM, and mediastinal EMP is even rarer, with only about 80 cases reported in the literature. We present a case study involving a patient with concurrent MPE and mediastinal EMP as an initial manifestation of MM. CASE REPORT The patient was a 74-year-old nonsmoking female with a 3-month history of exertional dyspnea and back pain. On exam,

A case of acute promyelocytic leukemia concomitant with plasma cell myeloma.

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… reference range: 13.5-17.4 g/dL), white blood cell count (2.7×10 9 /L, reference range: 3.8-10.0×10 9 /L), platelet count (378×10 9 /L, reference range: 130-400×10 9 /L), and white blood cell differential indicated 1% band neutrophils; 29% neutrophils; 62% lymphocytes; 2% monocytes; 4% eosinophils; and 2% basophils …

To Treat or Not to Treat: A Case of Simultaneous Discovery of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma.

The coexistence of multiple myeloma and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in the same patient is a rare entity. Here we describe a case of an 80-year-old man who presented to our hospital with symptoms of dyspnea and found to have anemia and leukocytosis with peripheral monocytosis. Bone marrow biopsy, flow cytometry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization studies were consistent with a laboratory diagnosis of multiple myeloma and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Due to advanced age and multiple comorbidities, the patient was treated conservatively. At 26 months follow-up, the patient continues

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… A 500-cell count showed 4% blast equivalents (myeloblasts/monoblasts/promonocytes), 4% promyelocytes/myelocytes, 45% maturating granulocyte forms, 10% erythroid forms, 5% lymphocytes, 1% eosinophils, 9% plasma cells, 0% basophils/mast cells, and 22% monocytes. …

Сравнительное профилирование неврологического и биомаркирующего статуса в типе 1 диабет и множественный склероз: перекрестное наблюдение.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ И ЦЕЛИ: тип 1 К хроническим аутоиммунным заболеваниям, характерным для конкретных органов, относятся сахарный диабет (T1DM) и множественный склероз (MS). Их высокий уровень распространенности, прогрессивный характер, влияние на повседневную жизнь, необходимость управления на протяжении всей жизни и рост числа совместных случаев вызвали интерес к научным исследованиям. Однако сопоставительная оценка неврологического и когнитивного состояния этих заболеваний и их воздействия на мультимодальные нейродегенеративные биомаркеры по-прежнему недостаточно изучена. МЕТОДЫ: Это пере

Development and Internal Validation of a Risk Prediction Model to Identify Myeloma Based on Routine Blood Tests: A Case-Control Study.

Myeloma is one of the hardest cancers to diagnose in primary care due to its rarity and non-specific symptoms. A rate-limiting step in diagnosing myeloma is the clinician considering myeloma and initiating appropriate investigations. We developed and internally validated a risk prediction model to identify those with a high risk of having undiagnosed myeloma based on results from routine blood tests taken for other reasons. A case-control study, based on 367 myeloma cases and 1488 age- and sex-matched controls, was used to develop a risk prediction model including results from 15 blood tests.

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… The final fifteen blood tests included were: albumin, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), basophils, calcium, creatinine, C-reactive protein (CRP), eosinophils, haemoglobin, lymphocytes, mean cell volume (MCV), monocytes, neutrophils, platelets, and white cell count (WCC) ( Supplementary … 242 | 65.9% | 1018 | 68.4% 1 | 88 | 24.0% | 326 | 21.9% 2 | 29 | 7.9% | 111 | 7.5% 3+ | 8 | 2.2% | 33 | 2.1% Blood tests, median (IQR) | | | | Albumin | 36.0 | (31.0, 40.0) | 39.0 | (34.0, 42.0) ALP | 139.0 | (89.0, 201.0) | 138.0 | (83.0, 213.0) ALT | 19.0 | (14.0, 30.0) | 21.0 | (15.0, 31.0) Basophils …

Pruritus in Systemic Diseases: A Review of Etiological Factors and New Treatment Modalities.

Pruritus is the most frequently described symptom in dermatology and can significantly impair the patient's quality of life. In 10-50% of adults with persistent pruritus, it can be an important dermatologic clue for the presence of a significant underlying systemic disease such as renal insufficiency, cholestasis, hematologic disorder, or malignancy (Etter and Myers, 2002; Zirwas and Seraly, 2001). This review describes the presence of pruritus in different systemic diseases. It is quite important to discover the cause of pruritus for providing relief for the patients experiencing substantial

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… A study showed that in patients with PV the basophilic granulocytes are constitutively activated and are hypersensitive and play a key role in triggering symptoms [ 75 ]. … The JAK2V617 mutation induces constitutive activation and agonist hypersensitivity in basophils from patients with polycythemia vera Haematologica 2009 94 11 1537 1545 10.3324/haematol.2009.007047 2-s2.0-70449380267 19608683 PMC2770964 76 Lin O. A. Karim Z. A. Vemana H. P. Espinosa E. V. P. …

IgE-expressing long-lived plasma cells in persistent sensitization.

Persistent allergies affect the quality of life of patients and increase economic burdens. Many clinical observations indicate the presence of IgE+ long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs), which account for the persistent secretion of specific IgE; however, the characteristics of the IgE+ LLPCs have yet to be identified clearly. In this review, we summarized the generation of IgE+ PCs, discussed the prosurvival factors in the microenvironment, and reviewed the unique IgE-BCR signaling, which may bring insights into understanding the survival mechanisms of IgE+ LLPCs.

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… IgE is the critical factor of type I hypersensitivity and mediates the degranulation of mast cells and basophils, leading to the rapid manifestation of symptoms after allergen exposure. The half-life of serum IgE is short [2–3 days in humans ( 10 ) and 12 h in mice ( 11 )]. … In the BM niche, stromal cells and hematopoietic cells (e.g., monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, BM dendritic cells, and megakaryocytes) could offer survival signals through cell-to-cell contact and cytokines, such as a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), B-cell activating factor of the TNF family …

Epigenome-wide association study of depression symptomatology in elderly monozygotic twins.

Depression is a severe and debilitating mental disorder diagnosed by evaluation of affective, cognitive and physical depression symptoms. Severity of these symptoms strongly impacts individual's quality of life and is influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. One of the molecular mechanisms allowing for an interplay between these factors is DNA methylation, an epigenetic modification playing a pivotal role in regulation of brain functioning across lifespan. The aim of this study was to investigate if there are DNA methylation signatures associated with depression sympto

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… Blood cell composition Blood cell counts were available for 477 individuals, where five blood leukocyte subtypes (monocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophiles) were measured using a Coulter LH 750 Hematology Analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, California, United States). … between depression symptomatology score, chronological age, sex, and blood cell composition adjusted for relatedness structure in the data Depression symptomatology score Estimate ± sd P -value Chronological age adjusted for sex 0.03 ± 0.01 0.01 Sex adjusted for chronological age −0.56 ± 0.02 0.004 Basophil …

Causal effects of gut microbiota, metabolites, immune cells, liposomes, and inflammatory proteins on anorexia nervosa: A mediation joint multi-omics Mendelian randomization analysis.

BACKGROUND: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a significant psychological disorder influenced by environmental and genetic elements. Emerging researc … 002-1.168, P = 0.046), CD45+ CD33dim HLA-DR+ cells (OR: 1.145，95%CI: 1.019-1.287, P = 0.023), CD45+ basophils (OR: 1.164，95%CI: 1.036-1.307, P = 0.011), CD8+ natural killer T cells (OR: 1.102, 95%CI: 1.015-1.196, P = 0.020), and also decreases the expression levels of 26 immune cells. 6 liposomes showed exhibit protective effects against AN, including phosp …

Cutaneous involvement by multiple myeloma presenting as erythematous indurated plaques at the site of cardiac pacemaker insertion.

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NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Triamterene (CAS No. 396-01-0) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and other diseases in which edema may occur. Toxicity and carcinogenicity studies were conducted by administering triamterene (greater than 99% pure) in feed to groups of male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice for 15 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium and Chinese hamster ovary cells. 15-day Studies: Groups of five male and five female rats were fed diets containing 0, 1,000, 3,000, 10,000,