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A prospective phase 2 clinical trial of a C5a complement inhibitor for acute GVHD with lower GI tract involvement.

Involvement of lower gastrointestinal tract (LGI) occurs in 60% of patients with graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD). Complement components C3 and C5 are involved in GVHD pathogenesis. In this phase 2a study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of ALXN1007, a monoclonal antibody against C5a, in patients with newly diagnosed LGI acute GVHD receiving concomitant corticosteroid. Twenty-five patients were enrolled; one was excluded from the efficacy analysis based upon negative biopsy. Most patients (16/25, 64%) had acute leukemia; 52% (13/25) had an HLA-matched unrelated donor; and 68% (17/25) rece

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… 0 | 1 (50) | 1 (4) Herpes colitis (grade 2) | 1 (6) | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) Influenza (grade 3) | 1 (6) | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) Respiratory syncytial virus infection a (grade 3) | 1 (6) | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) Sinusitis (grade 2) | 1 (6) | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) Other | | | | Hypersensitivity (grade 2) | 1 (6) | 0 | 0 | 1 (4) Chills …

Oncology Nursing During a Pandemic: Critical Reflections in the Context of COVID-19.

ObjectivesTo provide a critical reflection of COVID-19 in the context of oncology nursing and provide recommendations for caring for people affected by cancer during this pandemic.Data sourcesElectronic databases, including CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Scopus, professional web sites, and grey literature were searched using Google Scholar.ConclusionNurses are key stakeholders in developing and implementing policies regarding standards of care during the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic poses several challenges for oncology services. Oncology nurses are providing a pivotal role in the care and ma

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… In general, COVID-19 is an acute illness but it can be deadly, with an average case fatality of 2%. 4 COVID-19 causes severe respiratory illness associated with an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, and high mortality. 5 The presenting symptoms of COVID-19 include: fever, chills …

Innovative Clinical Perspectives for CIK Cells in Cancer Patients.

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are T lymphocytes that have acquired, in vitro, following extensive manipulation by Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), OKT3 and Interleukin 2 (IL-2) addition, the expression of several Natural Killer (NK) cell-surface markers. CIK cells have a dual "nature", due to the presence of functional TCR as well as NK molecules, even if the antitumoral activity can be traced back only to the NK-like structures (DNAM-1, NKG2D, NKp30 and CD56). In addition to antineoplastic activity in vitro and in several in-vivo models, CIK cells show very limited, if any, GvHD toxicity as we

Adoptive immunotherapy strategies with cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells in the treatment of hematological malignancies.

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are a heterogeneous population of immune effector cells that feature a mixed T- and Natural killer (NK) cell-like phenotype in their terminally-differentiated CD3+CD56+ subset. The easy availability, high proliferation rate and widely major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-unrestricted antitumor activity of CIK cells contribute to their particularly advantageous profile, making them an attractive approach for adoptive immunotherapy. CIK cells have shown considerable cytotoxicity against both solid tumors and hematological malignancies in vitro and in animal

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… Side Reaction | Frequency in % Fever (37.5–40 °C) | 26.37 GVHD (grade I–II) | 14 Ventricular arrhythmia | 1 Chills | 1 Fatigue | 1 CRs and PRs were observed in many patients that had undergone CIK cell therapy. …

Review: Oncolytic virotherapy, updates and future directions.

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are viral strains that can infect and kill malignant cells while spare their normal counterparts. OVs can access cells through binding to receptors on their surface or through fusion with the plasma membrane and establish a lytic cycle in tumors, while leaving normal tissue essentially unharmed. Multiple viruses have been investigated in humans for the past century. IMLYGIC™ (T-VEC/Talimogene Laherparepvec), a genetically engineered Herpes Simplex Virus, is the first OV approved for use in the United States and the European Union for patients with locally advanced or no

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… All AEs were grade 1/2 (no dose-limiting toxicity-DLT); most common were fever and chills (90%). One patient in the high dose group developed a pustular rash. Eighty-nine percent of the patients at the highest dose experienced disease stabilization. … To date, the AEs associated with Reolysin have been mild to moderate in severity and predominantly flu-like in nature (fever, chills, headache, fatigue, rhinorrhea, cough, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea). …

mRNA вакцины для профилактики и лечения заболеваний.

mRNA вакцины стали высокоэффективными стратегиями в области профилактики и лечения болезней, в значительной степени, хотя и не полностью благодаря их выдающимся показателям в последние годы в борьбе с глобальной чумой. COVID-19. Огромное превосходство вакцин MRNA в том, что касается их эффективности, безопасности и крупномасштабного производства, побуждает фармацевтическую промышленность и биотехнологические компании распространять их применение на различные заболевания, несмотря на несомненные проблемы в проектировании, изготовлении и способе управления. В настоящем обзоре рассматриваются тех

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… These included symptoms such as headache, chills, injection site pain, fatigue, and myalgia, with more than half of the participants experiencing these effects. …

Acute Pneumonia

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… Patients typically present after several days of symptoms. 197 Cough is noted in more than 80% to 90% of patients and is productive in over 60%. 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 Chest pain is present in 35% to 48% of cases, chills in 40% to 70%, and hemoptysis in approximately 15%. 197 , 198 , 200 A variety of … The classic findings of cough, fever, and dyspnea may be absent in over half of older adults. 75 , 218 Chills and rigors may be less frequently seen as well. …

Амбулаторное расширение дозирования би специфических антител в реанимированных или рефрактных множественных миеломах: онкологическая система ухода за больными для мониторинга и оказания поддержки.

Биконкретные антитела расширили возможности лечения повторной или рефрактной множественной миеломы, однако начало лечения по-прежнему сопряжено с трудностями в оперативном плане, поскольку повышение уровня дозирования конкретных продуктов концентрирует наибольший риск ранней иммунной токсичности. В этом структурном обзоре описательной части обобщаются имеющаяся информация о предписаниях, отчеты о клинической безопасности, экспертные рекомендации, имплементационная литература и соответствующие данные об оказании помощи медсестрам в целях расширения масштабов амбулаторного дозирования. Мы пересм

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… In outpatient settings, the decisive event is often not severe CRS at presentation but early fever, chills, tachycardia, malaise, or dizziness reported from home. Nursing triage must therefore respond before hypotension or hypoxia develops ( 4 – 6 , 16 – 20 ). …

Use of Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy in Clinical Practice: A Review.

Immunoglobulins (Igs) are produced by B lymphocytes and play a key role in humoral immunity. Igs are classified into five isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, and IgD). Their primary function is to recognize and bind to foreign antigens. When Igs bind to antigens, they facilitate phagocytosis and promote clearance mediated by other immune cells. It is an essential component in protecting the host from outside pathogens. Hypogammaglobulinemia predisposes an individual to severe and recurrent infections. Therefore, replacement therapy is recommended to maintain optimal Ig level. In addition, Igs can mo

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… With IVIG, the most commonly reported side effects are flu-like symptoms such as fever, malaise, and chills, likely induced by cytokine release (e.g., interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α).[ 106 ] Headaches are another frequent complaint, often related to the rate at which the IVIG is infused …

Correlative analysis from a phase I clinical trial of intrapleural administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus (Olvi-vec) in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

BackgroundThe attenuated, genetically engineered vaccinia virus has been shown to be a promising oncolytic virus for the treatment of patients with solid tumors, through both direct cytotoxic and immune-activating effects. Whereas systemically administered oncolytic viruses can be neutralized by pre-existing antibodies, locoregionally administered viruses can infect tumor cells and generate immune responses. We conducted a phase I clinical trial to investigate the safety, feasibility and immune activating effects of intrapleural administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus (NCT01766739).MethodsE

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… Anemia | 17 (94%) | 1 (6%) | 0 (0%) Hypocalcemia | 13 (72%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (6%) Hypoalbuminemia | 13 (72%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) Pain | 12 (67%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) Fatigue | 11 (61%) | 2 (11%) | 0 (0%) Fever | 8 (44%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) Elevated ALT | 7 (39%) | 1 (6%) | 0 (0%) Nausea | 7 (39%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) Chills …

Should treatment of hypogammaglobulinemia with immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) become standard of care in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?

Hypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) is a frequent finding in patients with hematological malignancies, and is commonly described in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) before or after treatment. We reviewed published literature available online in the last thirty years through Medline search of indexed articles focusing on the main differences and advantages of the products now available on the market, namely intravenous Ig (IVIg) and subcutaneous Ig (SCIg) preparations. IgRT is effective and safe in the prophylaxis of infections in a selected group of patients with CLL and hypogammaglobulinemia and is

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… Immediate systemic reactions such as head and body aches, chills and fever are usually mild and readily treatable. Immediate anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions are uncommon, as are other severe reactions such as TRALI (Transfusion-related acute lung injury). …

Recommendations for influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccination in elderly people in China.

Influenza and pneumonia can be prevented by vaccination, but they remain major causes of morbidity and mortality in age-related diseases. In most areas of China, the rates of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination are relatively low and public awareness of vaccination remains insufficient. Thus, it is essential to recommend influenza and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccination to elderly people in clinical practice. Based on recently published studies and related documents issued by several vaccination authorities, such as the World Health Organization, the National Health and Wellness Committee,

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… The local reactions include redness and swelling, pain, bruising, and induration of the injection site. 13 Systemic effects include fever, chills, headache, sweating, myalgia, joint pain, discomfort, and fatigue. 31 Those reactions generally do not require treatment and resolve spontaneously within 2 …

SEOM Clinical Guideline for bone metastases from solid tumours (2016).

Bone metastases are common in many advanced solid tumours, being breast, prostate, thyroid, lung, and renal cancer the most prevalent. Bone metastases can produce skeletal-related events (SREs), defined as pathological fracture, spinal cord compression, need of bone irradiation or need of bone surgery, and hypercalcaemia. Patients with bone metastases experience pain, functional impairment and have a negative impact on their quality of life. Several imaging techniques are available for diagnosis of this disease. Bone-targeted therapies include zoledronic acid, a potent biphosfonate, and denosu

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… Acute-phase reactions (chills, fever, bone pain, and fatigue), hypocalcaemia, and osteonecrosis of jaw (ONJ) are other side effects. Risk of ONJ increases if previous dental trauma, infection, or surgery and with long-term administration of the drug. …

Interventions to reduce infections in patients with hematological malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Acquired hypogammaglobulinemia is common in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and multiple myeloma (MM). No previous systematic reviews (SRs) have compared different approaches to infection prevention. We sought to assess the efficacy and safety of prophylactic immunoglobulin, antibiotics, and vaccination in these patients. We performed an SR and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of prophylactic immunoglobulin, antibiotics, and vaccination in adult patients with hematological malignancies commonly associated wi

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… Side-effects included fever, chills, headache, hypotension, and rash, mostly occurring early. Three studies reported adverse events resulting in treatment discontinuation ( supplemental Figure 7 ). …

Multisystemic sarcoidosis-important lessons learnt from one of the great imitators.

We report a case of a woman who was admitted with a suspicion of metastatic malignancy of unknown primary origin. A few months prior to her admission, she presented to a rheumatologist with acute anterior uveitis, psoriasiform rashes and polyarthritis. A diagnosis of psoriatic arthropathy was made and she was treated accordingly. Soon after she presented with persistent back and right upper quadrant abdominal pain for which she had a CT scan done with evidence of hilar lymphadenopathy, liver hypodensities and lytic-sclerotic bone lesions. She was referred to our hospital for further investigat

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… Ingestion of unpasteurised dairy products remains a common mode of transmission among travellers to endemic areas. 20 The clinical manifestations of brucellosis are protean and non-specific: fever or chills, arthralgia or arthritis, anorexia, asthenia, fatigue, weakness, malaise, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly …

Updates in novel immunotherapeutic strategies for relapsed/refractory AML.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a severe hematological malignancy with poor outcomes, particularly in older adults. Traditional treatment options like high-dose chemotherapy often lead to refractory or relapsed AML, with even worse outcomes. New therapies for relapsed and refractory AML are needed, and this review explores the most recent advancements in immunotherapy in AML. Checkpoint Inhibitors utilizing innate or adaptive immune targeting have shown potential to improve AML outcomes when combined with hypomethylating agents and chemotherapy. The use of adoptive cell therapy in AML demonstr

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… Anti-CD123 | AML | Preliminary results from 66 patients with R/R AML, had 55% showing a reduction in bone marrow blasts with 20% achieving CR (3), CRi (8), or MLFS (2) | Among the 74 patients evaluated between the two groups, the most common AEs were diarrhea (30%), febrile neutropenia (27%), nausea 20%, chills … Among the 74 patients evaluated between the two groups, the most common AEs were diarrhea (30%), febrile neutropenia (27%), nausea 20%, chills (23%), and lung infection (22%). Three dose limiting toxicities occurred, one prolonged neutropenia and two reversible instances of VOD ( 53 ). …

A Review on the Multidisciplinary Approach for Cancer Management in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: A Focus on Nutritional, Lifestyle and Supportive Care.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality and one of the most challenging global health conditions, impacting the lives of millions every year. The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is not on track to achieve the sustainable development goal (SDG) target 3.4 which aims to reduce premature mortality (i.e., before the age of 70 years) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cancer, by a third by year 2030; instead, it is projected that the EMR will experience the least progress towards achieving this target. This review therefore highlights the importance of

Descriptive Analysis of Adverse Events Reported for New Multiple Myeloma Medications Using FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Databases from 2015 to 2022.

BackgroundNew multiple myeloma (MM) medications have revolutionized the treatment landscape, but they are also associated with a range of adverse events (AEs). This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of AEs reported for four new MM medications: daratumumab, ixazomib, elotuzumab, and panobinostat.MethodsThis study uses a descriptive retrospective approach to analyze the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from 2015 to 2022. It includes variables like medication names, report details, patient demographics, adverse events, and reporter types. The initial dataset consists of ove

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… Daratumumab targets CD38 on myeloma and some immune cells, causing immune activation and infusion-related reactions (fever, chills, respiratory issues), as well as hematologic toxicities (neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia), increasing infection risk. …

Recommendations for vaccination in multiple myeloma: a consensus of the European Myeloma Network.

Vaccination is one of the most successful medical interventions that has saved the life of millions of people. Vaccination is particularly important in patients with multiple myeloma, who have an increased risk of infections due to the disease-inherent immune suppression, and because of the immune suppressive effects of therapy. Hence, all appropriate measures should be exploited, to elicit an effective immune response to common pathogens like influenza, pneumococci, varicella zoster virus, and to those bacteria and viruses (haemophilus influenzae, meningococci, and hepatitis) that frequently

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… Very rarely, general reactions such as fever, chills, feeling tired, headache, muscle and joint aches are encountered. …

Nephrotoxicity of recent anti-cancer agents.

Cancer patients may develop a variety of kidney lesions that impair not only their immediate survival but also limit the adequate treatment of the underlying malignant process. This review summarizes the nephrotoxic potential of some of the most recently developed anti-cancer drugs, focusing on those interfering with the vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors. Thrombotic microangiopathy (haemolytic-uraemic syndrome), proteinuria, hypertension and magnesium depletion are the most common side effects. Also the

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… As summarized by Izzedine et al . [ 70 ], the most frequently occurring adverse events included fever and chills, asthenia, transaminase level increase, nausea and skin toxicities. Hypertension or proteinuria was not reported, although 13 of 633 patients (2%) experienced kidney failure. …