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B-cell lymphoma 2 family members and sarcomas: a promising target in a heterogeneous disease.

Targeting the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins has been the backbone for hematological malignancies with overall survival improvements. The Bcl-2 family is a major player in apoptosis regulation and, has captured the researcher's interest in the treatment of solid tumors. Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of diseases, comprising several entities, with high morbidity and mortality and with few specific therapies available. The treatment for sarcomas is based on platinum regimens, with variable results and poor outcomes, especially in advanced lesions. The high number of different sarc

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… Bcl-xL inhibitors (A-1155463 and A-1331852, for example) have emerged as a very interesting option, since they appear to have the potential to enhance the efficacy of docetaxel in solid tumors and avoid the exacerbation of neutropenia observed with navitoclax (because inhibits both Bcl-xL and Bcl-2) …

Cardiotoxicity of Biological Therapies in Cancer Patients: An In-depth Review.

Cardiotoxicity from chemotherapy regimens has been long reported. However, the understanding of cardiac side effects of biological therapies is rapidly evolving. With cancer patients achieving higher life expectancy due to the use of personalized medicine and novel targeted anticancer agents, the occurrence of cardiotoxicity is becoming more significant. Novel biological therapies include anti-HER2 antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, bruton kinase inhibitors, antivascular endothelial growth factors, proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulator drugs, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Potential c

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… Cardiac tolerability of pertuzumab plus trastuzumab plus docetaxel in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in CLEOPATRA: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study. Oncologist. 2013;18(3):257–264. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0448. 55. …

Current state and future opportunities in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).

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… Wesolowski R Peereboom D Weiss P Elson P Thomas BG Phase I trial of weekly docetaxel, weekly doxorubicin, daily oral cyclophosphamide, and G-CSF (ConTAC regimen) in advanced malignancies Invest New Drugs 2010 28 4 502 508 10.1007/s10637-009-9258-0 19434371 96. …

Challenges in Treating Cancer Patients With Unstable Psychiatric Disorder.

In this review, we first present a case of chronic myeloid leukemia with acute psychosis, and then we will discuss the incidence of cancer in patients with psychotic disorders, the manifestations of new-onset psychosis, and the prevalence of preexisting psychosis in cancer patients, coupled with their impact on the treatment, diagnosis, and prognosis of cancer. This was a case that presented with acute psychosis and was found to have an elevated white blood cell count upon admission to an inpatient psychiatric unit. He was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia and successfully managed with i

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… | Presentation | References 5-fluorouracil | Colorectal cancer | Acute manic episode | Ha et al, 2011 [ 81 ] Methotrexate | Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) | Acute manic episode | Hariram et al, 2013 [ 82 ] Cisplatin | Tonsillar cancer | Mania and poor impulse control | Barlinn et al, 2015 [ 83 ] Docetaxel …

Prevalence of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Multiple Myeloma Patients and its Impact on Quality of Life: A Single Center Cross-Sectional Study.

Bortezomib is a pivotal drug for the management of multiple myeloma. However, bortezomib is a neurotoxic anticancer drug responsible for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). CIPN is associated with psychological distress and a decrease of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but little is known regarding bortezomib-related CIPN. This single center, cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and severity of sensory/motor CIPN, neuropathic pain and ongoing pain medications, anxiety, depression, and HRQoL, in multiple myeloma patients after the end of bortezomib treatment. Pap

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… Introduction Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common adverse effect of neurotoxic anticancer drugs, such as platinum derivative drugs (cisplatin, oxaliplatin), spindle poisons (taxanes: paclitaxel, docetaxel; vinca alkaloids: vincristine; epothilones; eribulin), bortezomib and …

Anti-Tumor Effects of Low Dose Zoledronate on Lung Cancer-Induced Spine Metastasis.

Zoledronate (Zol) is an anti-resorptive/tumoral agent used for the treatment of many cancers including spinal bone metastasis. High systemic administration of a single dose is now the standard clinical care, yet it has been associated with several side effects. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of lower doses Zol on lung cancer and lung cancer-induced bone metastasis cells over a longer time period. Human lung cancer (HCC827) and three bone metastases secondary to lung cancer (BML1, BML3 and BML4) cells were treated with Zol at 1, 3 and 10 µM for 7 days and then assessed for cell prolifer

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… Bone metastasis targeting: A novel approach to reach bone using Zoledronate anchored PLGA nanoparticle as carrier system loaded with Docetaxel. J. Control. Release. 2012;158:470–478. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.11.020. 59. Koto K., Murata H., Sawai Y., Ashihara E., Horii M., Kubo T. …

Severe cutaneous adverse reactions induced by targeted anticancer therapies and immunotherapies.

With the increasing use of targeted anticancer drugs and immunotherapies, there have been a substantial number of reports concerning life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome, and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis. Although the potential risks and characteristics for targeted anticancer agent- and immunotherapy-induced SCAR were not well understood, these serious adverse reactions usually result in morb

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… Engl J Med 2017 377 14 1345 1356 28889792 10.1056/NEJMoa1709684 PMC5706778 72 Motzer RJ Escudier B McDermott DF Nivolumab versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma N Engl J Med 2015 373 19 1803 1813 26406148 10.1056/NEJMoa1510665 PMC5719487 73 Borghaei H Paz-Ares L Horn L Nivolumab versus docetaxel …

Targeting Selectins and Their Ligands in Cancer.

Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer cells with increased evidence pointing to a role in tumor progression. In particular, aberrant sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids has been linked to increased immune cell evasion, drug evasion, drug resistance, tumor invasiveness, and vascular dissemination, leading to metastases. Hypersialylation of cancer cells is largely the result of overexpression of sialyltransferases (STs). Differentially, humans express twenty different STs in a tissue-specific manner, each of which catalyzes the attachment of sialic acids via different glycosidi

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… Blood ( 2013 ) 122 : 2266 . 105 Gravina GL Mancini A Colapietro A Monache SD Angelucci A Calgani A Dual E-selectin and CXCR4 inhibition reduces tumor growth and increases the sensitivity to docetaxel in experimental bone metastases of prostate cancer . …

Efficacy and safety of antibody-drug conjugates in HER2-positive and HER2-low advanced gastric cancer: a systematic review and update.

PURPOSE: Gastric cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy of the digestive tract in China. Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‑targeted agents such as trastuzumab remain limited by significant challenges in the treatment of GC, including high rates of drug resistance, significant toxicity and adverse effects, and suboptimal tolerability. The advent of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) has marked a paradigm shift in the therapeutic landscape. This review systematically summarises the structural design, mechanisms of action, and current clinical a

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… Luen SJ Salgado R Fox S Savas P Eng-Wong J Clark E Kiermaier A Swain SM Baselga J Michiels S Loi S Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer treated with pertuzumab or placebo in addition to trastuzumab and docetaxel: a retrospective analysis of the CLEOPATRA study Lancet … Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer treated with pertuzumab or placebo in addition to trastuzumab and docetaxel: a retrospective analysis of the CLEOPATRA study. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18(1):52–62. 27964843 10.1016/S1470-2045(16)30631-3 PMC5477653 64. …

Molecular targeted therapy for anticancer treatment.

Since the initial clinical approval in the late 1990s and remarkable anticancer effects for certain types of cancer, molecular targeted therapy utilizing small molecule agents or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies acting as signal transduction inhibitors has served as a fundamental backbone in precision medicine for cancer treatment. These approaches are now used clinically as first-line therapy for various types of human cancers. Compared to conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapeutic agents have efficient anticancer effects with fewer side effects. However, the emergence of drug resistanc

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… Generic name (Code name) | Brand name (Company) | First approved indication (Year) | Additional indication | Drug resistance mechanism (selected) | Side effects/toxicity (selected) | References EGFR 1 | Gefitinib (ZD1839) | Iressa (AstraZeneca) | Advanced NSCLC 2 after failure of both platinum-based and docetaxel … Preclinical activity of HER2-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor tucatinib as a single agent or in combination with trastuzumab or docetaxel in solid tumor models. Mol. Cancer Ther. 2020;19:976–987. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-19-0873. 86. Chow LWC, Lie EF, Toi M. …

Metronomic Anti-Cancer Therapy: A Multimodal Therapy Governed by the Tumor Microenvironment.

The concept of cancer as a systemic disease, and the therapeutic implications of this, has gained special relevance. This concept encompasses the interactions between tumor and stromal cells and their microenvironment in the complex setting of primary tumors and metastases. These factors determine cellular co-evolution in time and space, contribute to tumor progression, and could counteract therapeutic effects. Additionally, cancer therapies can induce cellular and molecular responses in the tumor and host that allow them to escape therapy and promote tumor progression. In this study, we descr

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… A significant increase in the percentage of CSCs was observed in biopsies from breast cancer patients after 12 weeks of preoperative treatment with docetaxel or doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide at standard doses [ 212 ]. …

Patient-reported outcome instruments used to assess pain and functioning in studies of bisphosphonate treatment for bone metastases.

PurposeWhen treating metastatic bone disease, relief of bone pain is often a key outcome. Because pain cannot be quantified with objective clinical measures, patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures are required to assess patients' subjective experience. The goal of the current review was to examine measures used to assess pain, as well as the impact of pain on functional status and health-related quality of life (HRQL), in trials of bisphosphonates for the treatment of bone metastases.MethodsA literature search focused on articles published from January 1999 to April 2009.ResultsA total of 49

The Role of Plant-Derived Natural Products as a Regulator of the Tyrosine Kinase Pathway in the Management of Lung Cancer.

One of the most common malignant tumors worldwide is lung cancer, and it is associated with the highest death rate among all cancers. Traditional treatment options for lung cancer include radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgical resection. However, the survival rate is low, and the outlook is still dreadfully dire. The pursuit of a paradigm change in treatment approaches is, therefore, imperative. Tyrosine kinases (TKs), a subclass of protein kinases, regulate vital cellular function by phosphorylating tyrosine residues in proteins. Mutations, overexpression, and autocrine parac

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… CAPE and docetaxel treatment together significantly reduced the expression of SKP2, c-MYC, and phospho-EGFR (Tyr 992) proteins in NSCLC compared to either CAPE or docetaxel treatment alone [ 192 ]. 13.3.2. …

Recent advances and challenges of cellular immunotherapies in lung cancer treatment.

Lung cancer is a major malignant tumor with high morbidity and fatality rates. For many years, traditional treatments for lung cancer have struggled to achieve a favorable outlook and prognosis. It is crucial to identify and innovate novel clinical therapeutic strategies and techniques to prevent tumor progression and prolong the survival time of patients with lung cancer. Cellular immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of malignant tumors and have been gradually applied in clinical practice. CAR-T therapy is the best-known cellular therapy and has achieved remarkable clinical outco

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… It has been reported that docetaxel, a chemotherapeutic agent, can induce HER2 CAR-T cell recruitment to the TME and enhance its anti-tumor effect in a mouse model of NSCLC [ 86 ]. …

Antibody-drug conjugates in cancer therapy: mechanisms and clinical studies.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) consist of monoclonal antibodies that target tumor cells and cytotoxic drugs linked through linkers. By leveraging antibodies' targeting properties, ADCs deliver cytotoxic drugs into tumor cells via endocytosis after identifying the tumor antigen. This precise method aims to kill tumor cells selectively while minimizing harm to normal cells, offering safe and effective therapeutic benefits. Recent years have seen significant progress in antitumor treatment with ADC development, providing patients with new and potent treatment options. With over 300 ADCs explored

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… Subsequently, enfortumab vedotin, instead of taxane agents like paclitaxel and docetaxel, was administered to all 125 participants as the third‐line therapy. … In the CARMEN‐LC03 clinical trial ( NCT04154956 ), tusamitamab ravtansine did not achieve the dual primary endpoint of PFS and OS as a monotherapy compared with docetaxel, as determined by the Independent Data Monitoring Committee. …

Innovative laboratory techniques shaping cancer diagnosis and treatment in developing countries.

Cancer is a major global health challenge, with approximately 19.3 million new cases and 10 million deaths estimated by 2020. Laboratory advancements in cancer detection have transformed diagnostic capabilities, particularly through the use of biomarkers that play crucial roles in risk assessment, therapy selection, and disease monitoring. Tumor histology, single-cell technology, flow cytometry, molecular imaging, liquid biopsy, immunoassays, and molecular diagnostics have emerged as pivotal tools for cancer detection. The integration of artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning and

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… Flow-cytometry phenotypic assessment of immune cell subsets reflecting function for the identification of breast cancer patients receiving vaccine plus docetaxel with longer progression-free survival. J Immunother Cancer. 2013;1:P51. 10.1186/2051-1426-1-S1-P51. 36. …

Drug prioritization identifies panobinostat as a tailored treatment element for patients with metastatic hepatoblastoma.

BACKGROUND: Patients with metastatic hepatoblastoma are treated with severely toxic first-line chemotherapies in combination with surgery. Yet, inadequate response of lung metastases to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy still compromises patient outcomes making new treatment strategies, tailored to more efficient lung clearance, mandatory. METHODS: We harnessed a comprehensive patient-derived xenograft platform and a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays to establish the preclinical and biological rationale for a new drug for patients with metastatic hepatoblastoma. RESULTS: The testing of a librar

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… Although most new compounds on the testing platform had only a minimal or moderate effect, we identified the group of microtubule-targeting agents (paclitaxel, vinorelbine, vinblastine, docetaxel, and mebendazole) as well as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (panobinostat, rhomidepsin, quisinostat …

Correlative analysis from a phase I clinical trial of intrapleural administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus (Olvi-vec) in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.

BackgroundThe attenuated, genetically engineered vaccinia virus has been shown to be a promising oncolytic virus for the treatment of patients with solid tumors, through both direct cytotoxic and immune-activating effects. Whereas systemically administered oncolytic viruses can be neutralized by pre-existing antibodies, locoregionally administered viruses can infect tumor cells and generate immune responses. We conducted a phase I clinical trial to investigate the safety, feasibility and immune activating effects of intrapleural administration of oncolytic vaccinia virus (NCT01766739).MethodsE

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… Docetaxel alone or in combination with a therapeutic cancer vaccine (Panvac) in patients with metastatic breast cancer: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol (2015) 1(8):1087–95. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.2736 36. Samson A, West EJ, Carmichael J, Scott KJ, Turnbull S, Kuszlewicz B, et al. …

Circular RNA as a Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis and Prognosis and Potential Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Myeloma.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel type of covalently closed RNAs involved in several physiological and pathological processes. They display tissue-specific expression and are constant, abundant, and highly conserved, making them perfect markers for diagnosis and prognosis. Several studies have proposed that circRNAs are also differentially produced in malignancies where they have oncogenic effects. Furthermore, circRNAs affecting microRNAs modify the expression profile of several transcription factors which play essential roles in tumors. CircRNAs within the hematopoietic compartment were i

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… Potentiation of docetaxel sensitivity by miR-638 via regulation of STARD10 pathway in human breast cancer cells Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2017 487 255 261 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.045 28412359 50. Zhou F. Wang D. Zhou N. Chen H. Shi H. Peng R. Wei W. Wu L. …

Functional genomics for breast cancer drug target discovery.

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that develops through a multistep process via the accumulation of genetic/epigenetic alterations in various cancer-related genes. Current treatment options for breast cancer patients include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy including conventional cytotoxic and molecular-targeted anticancer drugs for each intrinsic subtype, such as endocrine therapy and antihuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy. However, these therapies often fail to prevent recurrence and metastasis due to resistance. Overall, understanding the molecular mechani

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… Pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and docetaxel in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. N. Engl J Med. 2015;372:724–34. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1413513. 18. Verma S, Miles D, Gianni L, Krop IE, Welslau M, Baselga J, et al. Trastuzumab emtansine for HER2‐positive advanced breast cancer. N. …