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Qualitative analysis of cancer care experiences among rural cancer survivors and caregivers.

PurposeRural (vs urban) patients experience poorer cancer outcomes and are less likely to be engaged in cancer prevention, such as screening. As part of a community needs assessment, we explored rural cancer survivors' and caregivers' experiences, perceptions, and attitudes toward cancer care services.MethodsWe conducted 3 focus groups (N = 20) in Spring 2021 in rural Nebraska.FindingsThree patterns of cancer diagnosis were regular care/screening without noticeable symptoms, treatment for symptoms not initially identified as cancer related, and symptom self-identification. Most participants, r

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… Internet involved search engines, such as Google. All but 1 participant indicated that physician was the most trusted source of information; the other trusted source was the spousal caregiver. FIGURE 3 Sources of information about cancer and cancer prevention. …

Targeting Glutathione Metabolism: Partner in Crime in Anticancer Therapy.

Glutathione (GSH) is the predominant low-molecular-weight antioxidant with a ubiquitous distribution inside the cell. The steady-state level of cellular GSH is dependent on the balance between synthesis, hydrolysis, recycling of glutathione disulphide (GSSG) as well as cellular extrusion of reduced, oxidized, or conjugated-forms. The augmented oxidative stress typical of cancer cells is accompanied by an increase of glutathione levels that confers them growth advantage and resistance to a number of chemotherapeutic agents. Targeting glutathione metabolism has been widely investigated for cance

The pro-apoptotic paradox: the BH3-only protein Bcl-2 interacting killer (Bik) is prognostic for unfavorable outcomes in breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths in women worldwide. Clinical biomarkers give information on disease progression and identify relevant biological pathways. A confounding factor that uncouples markers from disease outcome is the ability of tumor cells to mutate and evade clinical intervention. Therefore, we focussed on apoptotic genes that modulate tumor regression. Using gene and tissue microarray analyses, we identified an association of Bcl-2 interacting killer (Bik) with poor breast cancer prognosis. Bik prognostic ability was independent of Estrogen Receptor/P

The Development of Novel Therapies for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia in the Era of Targeted Drugs.

Over the past decade, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) treatment has shifted from chemoimmunotherapy to targeted oral agents, predominantly Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) and the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax. These therapies have significantly improved outcomes and are now established as first-line treatment options. However, CLL remains incurable, and resistance or intolerance to both drug classes (double-refractory disease) is an emerging challenge. This has driven the development of novel therapeutic strategies, including non-covalent BTKis such as pirtobrutinib and nemtabruti

Epigenetic drugs in cancer therapy: mechanisms, immune modulation, and therapeutic applications.

Epigenetic regulation is a fundamental mechanism controlling gene expression and cellular function, primarily mediated through reversible modifications such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and chromatin remodeling. Dysregulation of critical epigenetic enzymes, including histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), and bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) proteins, has been closely associated with tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, immune evasion, and resistance to conventional therapies. Targeting these epigenetic regulators with small-molecule inhibitor

Potent molecular-targeted therapies for gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), which are characterized by neuroendocrine differentiation, can arise in various organs. NENs have been divided into well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) based on morphological differentiation, each of which has a distinct etiology, molecular profile, and clinicopathological features. While the majority of NECs originate in the pulmonary organs, extrapulmonary NECs occur most predominantly in the gastro-entero-pancreatic (GEP) system. Although platinum-based chemotherapy is the main therapeut

Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Past to Future-A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Advances.

Hodgkin lymphoma, a hematological malignancy of lymphoid origin that typically arises from germinal-center B cells, has an excellent overall prognosis. However, the treatment of patients who relapse or develop resistant disease still poses a substantial clinical and research challenge, even though current risk-adapted and response-based treatment techniques produce overall survival rates of over 95%. The appearance of late malignancies after the successful cure of primary or relapsed disease continues to be a major concern, mostly because of high survival rates. Particularly in pediatric HL pa

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… Items | Specification Date of search | 1 September 2022 to 10 May 2023 Databases, search engines, and other resources utilized | PubMed, Google Scholar, clinicaltrials.gov (accessed on 9 May 2023), NCCN guidelines, American Society of Hematology conference presentations, American Society of Hematology …

Immunodiagnosis - the promise of personalized immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy showed remarkable efficacy in several cancer types. However, the majority of patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. Evaluating tumor heterogeneity and immune status before treatment is key to identifying patients that are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. Demographic characteristics (such as sex, age, and race), immune status, and specific biomarkers all contribute to response to immunotherapy. A comprehensive immunodiagnostic model integrating all these three dimensions by artificial intelligence would provide valuable information for predicting treatment response. H

Communication in the Cancer Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Interventions.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex system composed of multiple cells, such as non-cancerous fibroblasts, adipocytes, immune and vascular cells, as well as signal molecules and mediators. Tumor cells recruit and reprogram other cells to produce factors that maintain tumor growth. Communication between cancerous and surrounding cells is a two-way process and engages a diverse range of mechanisms that, in consequence, can lead to rapid proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance, or can serve as a tumors-suppressor, e.g., through tumor-immune cell interaction. Cross-talk within the

An Updated Review on Marine Anticancer Compounds: The Use of Virtual Screening for the Discovery of Small-Molecule Cancer Drugs.

Marine secondary metabolites are a promising source of unexploited drugs that have a wide structural diversity and have shown a variety of biological activities. These compounds are produced in response to the harsh and competitive conditions that occur in the marine environment. Invertebrates are considered to be among the groups with the richest biodiversity. To date, a significant number of marine natural products (MNPs) have been established as antineoplastic drugs. This review gives an overview of MNPs, both in research or clinical stages, from diverse organisms that were reported as bein

Fasting boosts breast cancer therapy efficacy via glucocorticoid activation.

The majority of breast cancers are driven by oestrogen receptor-α (ERα) activation, and endocrine therapy represents the mainstay treatment for these patients1. However, resistance is common and tumours often progress after years of endocrine suppression2. Periodic fasting enhances the efficacy of standard endocrine therapy and delays acquired drug resistance, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear3. Here we show that fasting induces extensive epigenetic reprogramming in ERα-positive breast cancer xenografts when combined with endocrine therapy, with large-scale activation of glucoc

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… GIGGLE: a search engine for large-scale integrated genome analysis. Nat. Methods 15 , 123–126 (2018). 52. Sanjana, N. E., Shalem, O. & Zhang, F. Improved vectors and genome-wide libraries for CRISPR screening. Nat. Methods 11 , 783–784 (2014). 53. Bankhead, P. et al. …

The Impact of Ketogenic Nutrition on Obesity and Metabolic Health: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently gained increasing popularity. This high-fat, adequate-protein, and carbohydrate-poor eating pattern leads to nutritional ketosis. The KD has long been known for its antidiabetic and antiepileptic effects and has been used therapeutically in these contexts. Recently, the KD, due to its effectiveness in inducing weight loss, has also been proposed as a possible approach to treat obesity. Likewise, a KD is currently explored as a supporting element in the treatment of obesity-associated metabolic disorders and certain forms of cancer. Here, we discuss the meta

Abstract

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Научные достижения в отношении роли остеобластов и их производных в разработке, повторении и удалении метастаза злокачественных опухолей костей: обзор повествования.

Злоумышленные опухоли костей, включая первичные опухоли костей, такие, как остеосаркома (OS), саркома Евинга (ES) и множественная миелома, а также вторичные опухоли костей от рака простаты и груди, создают значительный риск смертности. Остеобласт (OBs) и их производные играют важнейшую роль в развитии, повторении и метастазе этих опухолей. ОБ пропагандируют события, связанные с метастазом, включая остеокластную дифференциацию и распространение. Их производные, включая внеклеточные везикли и цитокины, модулярируют реконструкцию костей и развитие опухоли по различным сигнальным путям. Недавние и

Current comprehensive understanding of denosumab (the RANKL neutralizing antibody) in the treatment of bone metastasis of malignant tumors, including pharmacological mechanism and clinical trials.

Denosumab, a fully humanized monoclonal neutralizing antibody, inhibits activation of the RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling pathway through competitive binding with RANKL, thereby inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Denosumab inhibits bone loss; therefore, it is used to treat metabolic bone diseases (including postmenopausal osteoporosis, male osteoporosis, and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis), in clinical practice. Since then, multiple effects of denosumab have been discovered. A growing body of evidence suggests that denosumab has a variety of pharmacological activities and broad pote

Ход работы 34th Симпозиум ESVN-ECVN 23rd-24th сентябрь 2022.

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Adjuvant breast cancer treatments cardiotoxicity and modern methods of detection and prevention of cardiac complications.

The most common cancer diagnosis in female population is breast cancer, which affects every year about 2.0 million women worldwide. In recent years, significant progress has been made in oncological therapy, in systemic treatment, and in radiotherapy of breast cancer. Unfortunately, the improvement in the effectiveness of oncological treatment and prolonging patients' life span is associated with more frequent occurrence of organ complications, which are side effects of this treatment. Current recommendations suggest a periodic monitoring of the cardiovascular system in course of oncological t

Breaking through Multiple Myeloma: A Paradigm for a Comprehensive Tumor Ecosystem Targeting.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancerous condition characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells within the hematopoietic marrow, resulting in multiple osteolytic lesions. MM patients typically experience bone pain, kidney damage, fatigue due to anemia, and infections. Historically, MM was an incurable disease with a life expectancy of around three years after diagnosis. However, over the past two decades, the development of novel therapeutics has significantly improved patient outcomes, including response to treatment, remission duration, quality of life, and overall survival. These advancem

Curcumin as a Multi-Target Bioactive Molecule: Mechanistic Insights and Translational Perspectives.

Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from the curcuma genus, has attracted considerable attention due to its simple chemical structure, favorable safety profile, and broad-spectrum pharmacological activities. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advances in curcumin research, with a specific focus on its therapeutic potential in cancer, inflammation, depression, and metabolic disorders, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hypertension, and osteoporosis. It highlights curcumin's modulation of critical signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, JAK/STAT,

Biosimilars in Oncology: Latest Trends and Regulatory Status.

Biologic-based medicines are used to treat a variety of diseases and account for around one-quarter of the worldwide pharmaceutical market. The use of biologic medications among cancer patients has resulted in substantial advancements in cancer treatment and supportive care. Biosimilar medications (or biosimilars) are very similar to the reference biologic drugs, although they are not identical. As patent protection for some of the most extensively used biologics begins to expire, biosimilars have the potential to enhance access and provide lower-cost options for cancer treatment. Initially, r