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Визуальное расстройство при множественном склерозе, связанном с постгенифицированной серой и белой материей: выше и выше.

Визуальное расстройство является одним из наиболее распространенных и нетрудоспособных проявлений множественного склероза (МС). Несмотря на то, что зрительная дисфункция, связанная с оптическим невритом и участием в работе мозговой системы, хорошо известна, зрительные нарушения, связанные с постгенетическими визуальными путями, включая оптические излучение и зрительные коры коры, относительно недостаточно изучены и недостаточно признаны в клинической практике. Увеличение числа свидетельств, полученных в результате продвинутого нейроимации, оптической томографии и нейропсихологического тестиров

Ось Гут-Брэйна в нейродегенерации: механистические связи между дисбиозом и нейроатологией.

& ЦЕЛЬ: Ось кишечника по сути представляет собой two- система связи, которая физически соединяет мозг с кишечным трактом. Связь поддерживается через ряд путей, включая нейронные, эндокринные и иммунные пути. Гут дисбиоз, который объясняется как дисбаланс в микробном сообществе, связан с причинно-следственной связью различных нейродегенеративных расстройств, таких, как болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона и множественный склероз. Однако патологические механизмы в мозге известны лишь частично. В настоящем обзоре описывается процесс кишечного дисбиоза и нейродегенерации с подробным описанием ф

Ionic Plasticity: Common Mechanistic Underpinnings of Pathology in Spinal Cord Injury and the Brain.

The neurotransmitter GABA is normally characterized as having an inhibitory effect on neural activity in the adult central nervous system (CNS), which quells over-excitation and limits neural plasticity. Spinal cord injury (SCI) can bring about a modification that weakens the inhibitory effect of GABA in the central gray caudal to injury. This change is linked to the downregulation of the potassium/chloride cotransporter (KCC2) and the consequent rise in intracellular Cl- in the postsynaptic neuron. As the intracellular concentration increases, the inward flow of Cl- through an ionotropic GABA

Fc Epsilon RI-Neuroimmune Interplay in Pruritus Triggered by Particulate Matter in Atopic Dermatitis Patients.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic relapsing neuroinflammatory skin disease that is characterized by a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology. It reflects a profound interplay between genetic and environmental factors, and a recently disclosed neuroimmune dysregulation that drives skin barrier disruption, pruritus, and microbial imbalance. In terms of the key external environmental players that impact AD, air quality and itch severity linkage have been thoroughly researched. The impact of ambient air pollutants including particulate matter (PM) and AD pruritic exacerbation h

Chronic pruritus: a narrative review.

Chronic pruritus encompasses a manifestation of several cutaneous, allergic, infectious, neurological, psychological, and systemic conditions, whose etiological investigation and therapeutic strategy can be challenging. This comprehensive review aims to enhance the understanding of pruritus by highlighting important elements in its pathogenesis, including keratinocytes, Merkel cells and mast cells, nerve fibers, histaminergic and nonhistaminergic pathways, and the interaction of itch signals with the central nervous system. Diagnostic evaluation of chronic pruritus may require a meticulous app

Регулирование питания иммунной системы кишечного мозга происходит на протяжении всей жизни.

Иммунная ось кишечника объединяет микробные, иммунные и нейронные сигналы для регулирования нейроразвития, гомеостаза и подверженности болезням. Раннее питание, в частности молочные олигозакариды, формирует благотворный микробиотический состав, повышает гиппокампальную пластичность, способствует антивоспалительной микроглианской поляризации и поощряет иммунную терпимость. Микробиота - метаболиты гута, включая короткоцепные жирные кислоты, производные триптофана и вторичные желчные кислоты, регулируют микроглиатическое созревание, функцию астроцита, дифференциацию клеток Т, производство нейротр

Cerebral lesions in the central pain matrix are associated with headache in multiple sclerosis.

Headache is very frequent in multiple sclerosis. However, the question whether headache is just coincidental or may be secondary due to inflammatory cerebral multiple sclerosis lesions is yet to be clarified. This study intended to evaluate the distribution of cerebral lesion sites and the potential presence of specific lesion clusters in patients with multiple sclerosis and comorbid headache using voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM). Patients with multiple sclerosis and headache were prospectively identified and included in a university neurological center between 2017 and 2023. Only pa

Комплексный подход к дифференцированию системного лейкоцита от других аутоиммунных заболеваний, вызываемых оптическим невритом.

Системная волчанка (SLE) представляет собой сложное аутоиммунное заболевание со значительной заболеваемостью и смертностью. Ранняя диагностика имеет решающее значение для эффективного управления. В качестве потенциальных первых признаков SLE появились окулярные проявления, в частности оптический нейрит (ON). В этом систематическом обзоре литературы анализируются 23 исследования, включая восемь ретроспективных исследований, пять межсекторальных исследований, два групповых исследования, четыре тематических доклада, один обзор описательной части и три систематического обзора литературы, в целях и

Bortezomib treatment produces nocifensive behavior and changes in the expression of TRPV1, CGRP, and substance P in the rat DRG, spinal cord, and sciatic nerve.

To investigate neurochemical changes associated with bortezomib-induced painful peripheral neuropathy (PN), we examined the effects of a single-dose intravenous administration of bortezomib and a well-established "chronic" schedule in a rat model of bortezomib-induced PN. The TRPV1 channel and sensory neuropeptides CGRP and substance P (SP) were studied in L4-L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), spinal cord, and sciatic nerve. Behavioral measures, performed at the end of the chronic bortezomib treatment, confirmed a reduction of mechanical nociceptive threshold, whereas no difference occurred in the

Mechanisms of spinal glial activation in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: Focus on microglia and astrocytes.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common complication in patients with malignant tumors during chemotherapy. The pathological mechanisms of CIPN remain unclear, and effective preventive and therapeutic strategies are still lacking, posing a major challenge in clinical practice. Aberrant activation of spinal glial cells, particularly microglia and astrocytes, is a key pathological hallmark of CIPN. Evidence from multiple animal models supports a causal link between glial activation and CIPN, suggesting that glial cells may serve as potential therapeutic targets. However, ow

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In some patients, pain persists even after chemotherapy completion, eventually progressing to chronic neuropathy. 2 , 26 Figure 1 Distal limb sensory abnormalities and afferent pathways in CIPN patients. …

Голова болит в радиационно изолированном синдроме: намек на неизбежное преобразование: отчет о деле.

Головные боли чаще встречаются у пациентов с множественным склерозом по сравнению с населением в целом. Однако головные боли все еще считаются редким симптомом множественного склероза, особенно когда они появляются в качестве первоначального симптома. Происхождение головной боли как симптома радиологически изолированного синдрома (РИС) является редким явлением, и это может значительно повысить вероятность развития множественного склероза. ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЕ СЛУЧАИ: Мы сообщаем о случае 36-year-old Иранская женщина испытывает сильную одностороннюю головную боль без других множественных симптомов скл

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Is it an Effective Treatment for Cancer Pain?

Cancer is a major public health issue, with an estimated 20 million new cases and 9.7 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2022. Approximately 44.5% of patients experience cancer pain, significantly impacting their quality of life and causing physical and psychological burdens. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, shows potential in managing cancer pain. This review summarizes current research on rTMS for cancer pain, focusing on pain directly caused by tumors, pain from cancer treatments, postoperative pain, and cancer-related sy

Centralizing the Knowledge and Interpretation of Pain in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: A Paradigm Shift towards Brain-Centric Approaches.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a side effect of cancer treatment, often linked with pain complaints. Patients report mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity that may emerge during chemotherapy treatment and may persist after cancer remission. Whereas the latter situation disturbs the quality of life, life itself may be endangered by the appearance of CIPN during cancer treatment. The causes of CIPN have almost entirely been ascribed to the neurotoxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs in the peripheral nervous system. However, the central consequences of peripheral neuropathy a

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN).

The mitochondrial dysfunction has a critical role in several disorders including chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathies (CIPN). This is due to a related dysregulation of pathways involving calcium signalling, reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. Vincristine is able to affect calcium movement through the Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) neuronal mitochondrial membrane, altering its homeostasis and leading to abnormal neuronal excitability. Paclitaxel induces the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in axons followed by mitochondrial membrane potential loss, increased react

Neurophysiological Mechanisms Related to Pain Management in Bone Tumors.

BackgroundPrimary and metastatic bone tumor incidence has increased in the previous years. Pain is a common symptom and is one of the most important related factors to the decrease of quality of life in patients with bone tumor. Different pain management strategies are not completely effective and many patients afflicted by cancer pain cannot be controlled properly. In this sense, we need to elucidate the neurophysiology of cancer-induced pain, contemplating other components such as inflammation, neuropathies and cognitive components regarding bone tumors, and thus pave the way for novel thera

The Potential and Prospects of Marine Drugs in Intervening Nerve-Tumor Crosstalk.

The bidirectional crosstalk between the nervous system and tumors has emerged as a transformative new frontier in both precision oncotherapy and mechanism-driven cancer pain management. Marine natural products with inherent neuroactive properties exhibit unparalleled intervention advantages for targeting this complex pathophysiological axis. Herein, we systematically and prospectively dissect the multi-layered bidirectional communication between the nervous system and malignancies, comprehensively summarize the pivotal contributions of marine-derived bioactive molecules to advances in neurosci

Synthetic nickel-containing superoxide dismutase attenuates para-phenylenediamine-induced bladder dysfunction in rats.

Para (p)-phenylenediamine and its toxic metabolites induce excess reactive oxygen species formation that results in bladder voiding dysfunction. We determined the effects of synthetic Ni-containing superoxide dismutase mimics and the role of oxidative stress in p-phenylenediamine-induced urinary bladder dysfunction. P-phenylenediamine (60 μg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally administered for 4 weeks to induce bladder injury in female Wistar rats. Synthetic Ni-containing superoxide dismutase mimics, WCT003 (1.5 mg/kg) and WCT006 (1.5 mg/kg), were then intraperitoneally administered for 2 weeks. Tra

Отталкивающее руководство Молекуле-А как терапевтическая цель в неврологических расстройствах: обновление.

В качестве значительной терапевтической цели в различных неврологических расстройствах, включая нейродегенеративные заболевания и острые заболевания, возникла мощная молекула ориентации (RGMA). В настоящем обзоре всесторонне рассматривается многогранная роль РГММ в таких патологиях центральной нервной системы (СНС), как болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона, амиотропический боковой склероз, множественный склероз, спектральное расстройство нейромиелита, повреждение спинного мозга, инсульт, сосудистое слабоумие, слуховая нейропатия и эпилепсия. В настоящем документе рассматриваются механизмы,

Capsaicin: Current Understanding of Its Mechanisms and Therapy of Pain and Other Pre-Clinical and Clinical Uses.

In this review, we discuss the importance of capsaicin to the current understanding of neuronal modulation of pain and explore the mechanisms of capsaicin-induced pain. We will focus on the analgesic effects of capsaicin and its clinical applicability in treating pain. Furthermore, we will draw attention to the rationale for other clinical therapeutic uses and implications of capsaicin in diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, cancer, airway diseases, itch, gastric, and urological disorders.

Pathobiology of cancer chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).

Chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a type of neuropathic pain that is a major dose-limiting side-effect of potentially curative cancer chemotherapy treatment regimens that develops in a "stocking and glove" distribution. When pain is severe, a change to less effective chemotherapy agents may be required, or patients may choose to discontinue treatment. Medications used to alleviate CIPN often lack efficacy and/or have unacceptable side-effects. Hence the unmet medical need for novel analgesics for relief of this painful condition has driven establishment of rodent models of C