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Radiation-induced lung damage promotes breast cancer lung-metastasis through CXCR4 signaling.

Radiotherapy is a mainstay in the postoperative treatment of breast cancer as it reduces the risks of local recurrence and mortality after both conservative surgery and mastectomy. Despite recent efforts to decrease irradiation volumes through accelerated partial irradiation techniques, late cardiac and pulmonary toxicity still occurs after breast irradiation. The importance of this pulmonary injury towards lung metastasis is unclear. Preirradiation of lung epithelial cells induces DNA damage, p53 activation and a secretome enriched in the chemokines SDF-1/CXCL12 and MIF. Irradiated lung epith

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… Res 2009 155 231 236 19482312 10.1016/j.jss.2008.06.044 45 Hassan S Buchanan M Jahan K Aguilar Mahecha A Gaboury L Muller W Alsawafi Y Mourskaia A Siegel P Salvucci O Basik M CXCR4 peptide antagonist inhibits primary breast tumor growth, metastasis and enhances the efficacy of anti-VEGF treatment or docetaxel …

Treatment and Prevention of Bone Metastases from Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Evidence for Clinical Practice.

Bone is the most common site of metastasis from breast cancer. Bone metastases from breast cancer are associated with skeletal-related events (SREs) including pathological fractures, spinal cord compression, surgery and radiotherapy to bone, as well as bone pain and hypercalcemia, leading to impaired mobility and reduced quality of life. Greater understanding of the pathophysiology of bone metastases has led to the discovery and clinical utility of bone-targeted agents such as bisphosphonates and the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANK-L) antibody, denosumab. Both are now

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… Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis While the results of other adjuvant bisphosphonate studies such as the Southwest Oncology Group-0307 (SWOG-0307) and the German Simultaenous Study of Gemcitabine-Docetaxel Combination Adjuvant Treatment, as well as Extended Bisphosphonate and Surveillance (SUCCESS …

Risk sharing arrangements for pharmaceuticals: potential considerations and recommendations for European payers.

BackgroundThere has been an increase in 'risk sharing' schemes for pharmaceuticals between healthcare institutions and pharmaceutical companies in Europe in recent years as an additional approach to provide continued comprehensive and equitable healthcare. There is though confusion surrounding the terminology as well as concerns with existing schemes.MethodsA literature review was undertaken to identify existing schemes supplemented with additional internal documents or web-based references known to the authors. This was combined with the extensive knowledge of health authority personnel from

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… versus typical anti-psychotics among the Provinces Merck-Frost offered to reimburse provincial governments the full cost if patients prescribed finasteride subsequently required surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia after one full year of medical therapy Sanofi-Aventis agreed to reimburse the cost of docetaxel …

A Snapshot of Photoresponsive Liposomes in Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy: Opportunities and Challenges.

To provide precise medical regimens, photonics technologies have been involved in the field of nanomedicine. Phototriggered liposomes have been cast as promising nanosystems that achieve controlled release of payloads in several pathological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. In contrast to the conventional liposomes, this photoresponsive element greatly improves therapeutic efficacy and reduces the adverse effects of gene/drug therapy during treatment. Recently, cancer immunotherpay has been one of the hot topics in the field of oncology due to the great success a

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… Nanotechnology-mediated immunochemotherapy combined with docetaxel and PD-L1 antibody increase therapeutic effects and decrease systemic toxicity . J. Controlled Release 2018 , 286 , 369 – 380 . 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.011 . 30096401 Lan X. ; et al. …

Anaplastic thyroid cancer cells reduce CD71 levels to increase iron overload tolerance.

BackgroundFollicular thyroid cancer (FTC) is a prevalent form of differentiated thyroid cancer, whereas anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) represents a rare, fast-growing, undifferentiated, and highly aggressive tumor, posing significant challenges for eradication. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death mechanism driven by the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent lipid peroxidation, emerges as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. It has been observed that many cancer cells exhibit sensitivity to ferroptosis, while some other histotypes appear to be resistant,

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… Zhou HH Chen X Cai LY Nan XW Chen JH Chen XX Erastin reverses ABCB1-mediated docetaxel resistance in ovarian cancer Front Oncol 2019 9 1398 10.3389/fonc.2019.01398 31921655 PMC6930896 66. …

Canine Gastric Cancer: Current Treatment Approaches.

Human gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth most prevalent cancer worldwide, and is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. The incidence of GC is lower in dogs than in humans, accounting for less than 1% of all canine malignancies. In recent years, efforts have been made to understand the pathogenesis of GC and in find an appropriate therapy to maximize curative results, such as adjuvant chemotherapy treatments in addition to surgery. Although surgery is the first-line treatment, it is associated with several complications. In terms of chemotherapeutic intervention, canine gastric c

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… For those patients with tumours that are HER-2 negative, protocols with two- and three-drug combinations, such as those including irinotecan, docetaxel, oxaliplatin, or oral 5-FU, are effective therapy options for advanced gastric cancer [ 61 ]. …

Immunotherapy Combined with Metronomic Dosing: An Effective Approach for the Treatment of NSCLC.

Pioneering studies on tumor and immune cell interactions have highlighted immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as revolutionizing interventions for the management of NSCLC, typically combined with traditional MTD chemotherapies, which usually lead to toxicities and resistance to treatment. Alternatively, MTR chemotherapy is based on the daily low dose administration of chemotherapeutics, preventing tumor growth indirectly by targeting the tumor microenvironment. The effects of MTR administration of an oral prodrug of gemcitabine (OralGem), alone or with anti-PD1, were evaluated. Relevant in vit

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… Although ICIs have been evaluated in NSCLC [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ], with efficacy benefits over leading chemotherapeutics (e.g., docetaxel), adaptive resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade has been documented [ 9 ]. …

Identification of a DNA Methylation-Driven Genes-Based Prognostic Model and Drug Targets in Breast Cancer: In silico Screening of Therapeutic Compounds and in vitro Characterization.

DNA methylation is a vital epigenetic change that regulates gene transcription and helps to keep the genome stable. The deregulation hallmark of human cancer is often defined by aberrant DNA methylation which is critical for tumor formation and controls the expression of several tumor-associated genes. In various cancers, methylation changes such as tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation and oncogene hypomethylation are critical in tumor occurrences, especially in breast cancer. Detecting DNA methylation-driven genes and understanding the molecular features of such genes could thus help to enh

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… The Altered Transcriptome and DNA Methylation Profiles of Docetaxel Resistance in Breast Cancer PDX Models . JMCR ( 2019 ) 17 ( 10 ): 2063–76 . doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-19-0040 PMC7616969 31320385 12 Kuang Y Wang Y Zhai W Wang X Zhang B Xu M . …

A Deep Dive Into the Newest Avenues of Immunotherapy for Pediatric Osteosarcoma: A Systematic Review.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer affecting children and young adults, most often occurring at the metaphysis of long bones. At present, treatment with combinations of surgery and chemotherapy for the localized OS has only brought minuscule improvements in prognosis. In comparison, the advanced, metastatic, or recurrent forms of OS are often non-responsive to chemotherapy, adding to the dire need to develop new and efficient therapies. The question of interest investigated in this systematic review is whether immunotherapy can play a meaningful role in improving the clin

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… Shortly after introducing surgical resection with adequate margins and combinations of double or triple chemotherapy (i.e., cyclophosphamide and etoposide, gemcitabine and docetaxel, or high-dose methotrexate, etoposide, and ifosfamide) [ 2 ], the survival rate increased immensely [ 3 ]. …

A phase I dose-escalation study of lenalidomide in combination with gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

PURPOSE: Lenalidomide have both immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic properties which could confer anti-cancer effects. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of combining lenalidomide with the standard treatment gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer patients with advanced disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eligible patients had locally advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Patients received lenalidomide days 1-21 orally and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 intravenously (days 1, 8 and 15), each 28 day cycle. Three cohorts of lenalidomide were examined (Cohort I = 15 mg, Cohort II

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… Phase I trial of docetaxel given every 3 weeks and daily lenalidomide in patients with advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs. 2009;27(5):453–60. 10.1007/s10637-008-9200-x PubMed . 26. Infante JR, Jones SF, Bendell JC, Spigel DR, Yardley DA, Weekes CD, et al. …

Nephrotoxicity of recent anti-cancer agents.

Cancer patients may develop a variety of kidney lesions that impair not only their immediate survival but also limit the adequate treatment of the underlying malignant process. This review summarizes the nephrotoxic potential of some of the most recently developed anti-cancer drugs, focusing on those interfering with the vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor pathways and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors. Thrombotic microangiopathy (haemolytic-uraemic syndrome), proteinuria, hypertension and magnesium depletion are the most common side effects. Also the

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… bendamustine, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, nitrosureas, temozolomide, melphalan), anti-tumour antibiotics (mitomycin C, bleomycin), anti-metabolites (methotrexate and its derivative, pemetrexate, capecitabine, gemcitabine),vinca alkaloids (vincristine, vinblastine and vinorelbine), taxanes (paclitaxel, docetaxel …

Forecasting drug utilization and expenditure in a metropolitan health region.

BackgroundNew pharmacological therapies are challenging the healthcare systems, and there is an increasing need to assess their therapeutic value in relation to existing alternatives as well as their potential budget impact. Consequently, new models to introduce drugs in healthcare are urgently needed. In the metropolitan health region of Stockholm, Sweden, a model has been developed including early warning (horizon scanning), forecasting of drug utilization and expenditure, critical drug evaluation as well as structured programs for the introduction and follow-up of new drugs. The aim of this

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… Over the next two years, patent expiries are expected for several of the best selling oncology drugs including aromatase inhibitors, docetaxel and temozolamide, resulting in the expected moderation in growth in 2010 and 2011. …

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Heterogeneity, Cancer Pathogenesis, and Therapeutic Targets.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are functionally diverse stromal regulators that orchestrate tumor progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance through dynamic crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent advances in single-cell multiomics and spatial transcriptomics have identified conserved CAF subtypes with distinct molecular signatures, spatial distributions, and context-dependent roles, highlighting their dual capacity to promote immunosuppression or restrain tumor growth. However, therapeutic strategies struggle to reconcile this functional duality, hindering clinica

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cancer: from mechanism to therapeutic implications.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as critical secondary messengers in various intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival under normal physiological conditions. However, dysregulation of redox signaling-driven by genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and posttranscriptional or posttranslational modifications-plays a central role in malignant transformation and cancer progression. Cancer cells typically exhibit elevated basal ROS levels due to increased metabolic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oncogene activation. This mode

Ammonium metabolism rewiring in the prostate cancer microenvironment: Mechanisms and clinical prospects.

Ammonium metabolism represents a critically understudied yet pivotal driver of prostate tumorigenesis and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling. The interplay between tumor metabolic reprogramming and the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a critical frontier in oncology research. While previous studies on prostate cancer metabolism have predominantly focused on lipid metabolism and the Warburg effect, the role of ammonium metabolism, particularly the urea cycle in tumor immune regulation remains insufficiently explored. This metabolic reprogramming constitutes a central node connecting c

Cancer treatment-induced bone loss.

Cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTBL) is associated with anti-tumor treatments, including endocrine therapies, chemotherapeutic treatments, radiotherapy, glucocorticoids, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Osteoporosis, characterized by the loss of bone mass, can increase the risk of fractures, leading to mortality and long-term disability, even after cancer remission. Cancer and osteoporosis have marked clinical and pathogenetic similarities. Both have a multifactorial etiology, affect the geriatric population, and markedly influence quality of life. Lifestyle management, including calcium a

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… Clinical fracture incidence in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) and risk-reduction following addition of zoledronic acid to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) with or without docetaxel (DOC): long-term results from 2 phase 3 trials from the STAMPEDE platform protocol. …

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer (2022 edition).

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Bone is a common metastatic site of lung cancer, about 50% of bone metastatic patients will experience skeletal related events (SREs). SREs not only seriously impact the quality of life of patients, but also shorten their survival time. The treatment of bone metastasis requires multi-disciplinary therapy (MDT) and development of individualized treatment plan. In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of bone metastasis in lung cancer, the expert group of the MDT Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association ha

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… Key points of the update of the 2020 CSCO guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer Article in Chinese Clin Inter Med 37 8 2020 603 605 10.3969/j.issn.1001-9057.2020.08.023 44 Brahmer J Reckamp KL Baas P Nivolumab versus Docetaxel in advanced squamous-cell non-small-cell …

Meta-Analysis of Pharmacological, Nutraceutical and Phytopharmaceutical Interventions for the Treatment of Cancer Related Fatigue.

Purpose: In this study we aimed to estimate the effectiveness of pharmacological, nutraceutical, and phytopharmaceutical treatments on CRF. Methods: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid Psych info, CINHAHL and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 30 September 2021. Randomized controlled trials of pharmacological, nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical interventions for treatment of CRF for at least one week duration and have used valid tool to assess severity of CRF as a primary or secondary outcome were considered. Results: 32 eligible studies (4896 patients) were reviewed. For the overal

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… Phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of modafinil for fatigue in patients treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy Support. Care Cancer 2013 22 1233 1242 10.1007/s00520-013-2076-0 24337761 95. Jean-Pierre P. Morrow G.R. Roscoe J.A. Heckler C. Mohile S. Janelsins M. …

Drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathy: An updated review of causative drugs, pathophysiology, and management.

Drug-induced thrombotic microangiopathy (DITMA) represents 10%-13% of all thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) cases and about 20%-30% of secondary TMAs, just behind pregnancy-related and infection-related forms. Although the list of drugs potentially involved as causative for TMA are rapidly increasing, the scientific literature on DITMA is quite scarce (mostly as individual case reports or little case series), leading to poor knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical management. In this review, we focused on these critical aspects regarding DITMA. We provided an updated list of TMA

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… Chemotherapeutic drugs | Targeted cancer drugs | Immunosuppressive drugs | Antibiotics and antivirals | Other drugs Daunorubicin | Alemtuzumab | Adalimumab | Ciprofloxacin | Onasemnogene abeparvovec Docetaxel | Moxetumomab pasudotox | Certolizumab pegol | Levofloxacin | Clopidogrel Gemcitabine | Imatinib …

Pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcomas.

Pazopanib is the first and only tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently approved for the treatment of multiple histological subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Initially developed as a small molecule inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, preclinical work indicates that pazopanib exerts an anticancer effect through the inhibition of both angiogenic and oncogenic signaling pathways. Following the establishment of optimal dosing and safety profiles in early phase studies and approval for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, pazopanib was investigated in STS. A landm

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… A Phase Ib/II study of gemcitabine and docetaxel in combination with pazopanib for the neoadjuvant treatment of soft tissue sarcomas. Oncologist. 2015;20:1245–1246. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0245. 33. Fu S, et al. …