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Pressure-Lowering Effect of Interventional Fistula Occlusion in Secondary Glaucoma due to Orbital Draining Intracerebral Fistulae.

BACKGROUND: Carotid cavernous sinus fistulas (CSCF) are pathological connections of the internal and/or external carotid artery (and/or its … onal day-night intraocular pressure profile. Furthermore, medical history, symptoms, visual acuity, slit lamp microscopic findings, and DSA findings were evaluated. RESULTS: The most common symptoms reported by patients were red eyes, diplopia, and exophthalmos. When the intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured, 83.33% of the patients showed increased value …

Scleral thinning causes, diagnosis, and management: A narrative review.

INTRODUCTION: Sclera forms the outer fibrous coat of the eye and provides structural integrity for the housing of intraocular contents. Scleral thinning is a serious progressive condition which can lead to perforation and worsening visual functioning. This review aims to summarize the anatomical consideration and causes of scleral thinning, diagnosis, and the various surgical approaches available to treat scleral thinning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The narrative literature review was conducted by senior Ophthalmologists and researchers. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar

32 Corneal guttae after descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

PURPOSE: To report on the occurrence of corneal guttae after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in eyes operated on for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Case series of 10 eyes of 10 patients operated on for FECD at a tertiary referral center between 2008 and 2019. Average patient age was 61±12 years and 3 patients were female and 6 were male. Five patients were phakic and 4 pseudophakic. Average donor age was 67±9 years. RESULTS: During routine postoperative consultation, specular microscopy images showed suspected recurrence of guttae in 10 ey

Caspase-8 is involved in pyroptosis, necroptosis and the maturation and release of IL-1β in Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis.

PURPOSE: To explore the role of caspase-8 in mediating the transition between different death modes in fungal keratitis. METHODS: The expression of caspase-8 in Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) keratitis was detected using western blotting and immunofluorescence. After subconjunctival injection of Z-IETD-FMK (caspase-8 inhibitor) or VX765 (caspase-1 inhibitor), the mice corneas of A. fumigatus keratitis were observed and scored under a slit lamp. Colony plate count, immunofluorescence staining, western blotting and qRT-PCR experiments were used to detect fungal load, inflammatory cells, a…

Dry eye symptoms in interferon regulatory factor 3-deficient mice due to herpes simplex virus infection in harderian gland and lacrimal gland.

PURPOSE: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a multifactorial ocular disorder. The possible pathogens and pathogenic mechanisms for virus-related dry eye disease are largely unknown. The current study aimed to provide evidence for mechanisms contributing to DES induced by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the harderian gland (HG) and lacrimal gland (LG). METHODS: We recorded the dry eye-like cornea pathology of irf3-/- mice infected with HSV-1 till 8 months of age. The slit-lamp and confocal microscopy was used to observe the corneal defects. TUNEL was used to detect the corneal apoptosis. Human

Astigmatism profile in the elderly population: Tehran Geriatric Eye Study.

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of astigmatism and its associated factors and examine astigmatism symmetry patterns in an elderly population. STUDY DESIGN: Population based cross-sectional study. METHODS: The present population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on an elderly population above 60 years of age in Tehran, Iran in 2019. The sampling was done using the stratified multistage random cluster sampling method. All study participants underwent a complete optometric examination and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. RESULTS: The prevalence of astigmatism higher than -0.50, -1.00, and

Effect of Pterygium Removal Combined with Conjunctival Autograft on Corneal Parameters in Swept-Source Imaging.

BACKGROUND: Both pterygium ingrowth and excision determine alterations in corneal topography. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of pterygium removal combined with conjunctival autografts in addition to the use of human fibrin tissue glue on changes in corneal parameters as measured by 3-D swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging. METHODS: Sixteen eyes (16 patients) with pterygium that qualified for surgical treatment were enrolled in this study. Eye examination, slit lamp, and 3-D AS-OCT (CASIA 2) assessment were performed before the surger…

CASE REPORT OF ABIOTROPHIA DEFECTIVA ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER REPEATED INJECTIONS OF DEXAMETHASONE INTRAVITREAL IMPLANT (OZURDEX).

PURPOSE: To present a case of endophthalmitis caused by Abiotrophia defectiva after repeated injections of dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex), in a patient already on systemic immunosuppressive therapy, and discuss the management of this challenging situation. METHODS: Case report and review of literature. RESULTS: A 70-year-old female patient with history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis presented for urgent evaluation due to left eye vision loss and mild discomfort 12 days after receiving her seventh dexamethasone implant injection. Ocular history was pertinent for recurrent macu

A Case of Intraocular Lymphoma Diagnosed by Subretinal Fluid Biopsy.

Although intraocular lymphoma (IOL) mainly has have vitreous opacity and subretinal infiltration, its clinical symptoms are diverse. We report a case of IOL that mainly showed exudative retinal detachment in which analysis of IgH gene rearrangement (AIGHR) of the collected subretinal fluid sample was useful for diagnosis. A 77-year-old woman developed decreased left visual acuity for 1 month. She had been treated for dermatomyositis, diabetes mellitus, and right parotid tumor for 3 years. Visual acuity was 0.1 OD and counting fingers OS. Slit-lamp examination showed grade 4 (Emery-Little class

Comparison of Accelerated and Standard Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking Treatments in Experimental Fungal Keratitis for Aspergillus fumigatus.

INTRODUCTION: To compare accelerated and standard corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) treatments in experimental Aspergillus keratitis models. METHODS: Twenty-six New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups: a 1% voriconazole combined with standard CXL group, and a 1% voriconazole combined with accelerated CXL group. The ulcer area, corneal opacity, and corneal neovascularization score were measured via slit-lamp imaging, and the corneal and corneal epithelial thickness and ulcer depth were measured via anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). The duration of the hyphae w

Prevalence of corneal findings and their interrelation with hematological findings in monoclonal gammopathy.

PURPOSE: To determine prevalence of paraproteinemic keratopathy (PPK) among patients with monoclonal gammopathy (MG). To evaluate interrelation between corneal and hematological parameters in patients with PPK. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (n = 19), smoldering multiple myeloma (n = 5) or multiple myeloma (n = 27) were prospectively included in this study. Best-corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, Scheimpflug tomography, in-vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy, optical coherence tomography and complete hematological workup

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… We observed bilateral corneal opacities compatible with PPK on slit lamp examination in both eyes of 13 patients. This results in an overall prevalence of 28.9%. One of 45 patients presented crystalline keratopathy on slit-lamp examination. … IVCM IVCM revealed hyperreflective needle-like crystalline stromal deposits in all corneas with diagnosis of PPK on the slit lamp examination ( Fig 2 ). …

Effect of the position of the corneal lamella on the frequency of its detachment.

AIM: To determine the influence of gaps [places where neither the donor's nor the recipient's Descemet's membrane (DM) is present] and overl … the diameter was 7.5 mm (overlaps). Postoperatively we noted all cases of detachment visible on the slit lamp and these cases we indicated for rebubbling. We also measured the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) as well as corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) in decimal and postoperative endothelial cell density (ECD). The minimum follow-up time wa …

MicroPulse Transscleral Laser Therapy Demonstrates Similar Efficacy with a Superior and More Favorable Safety Profile Compared to Continuous-Wave Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare effectiveness and safety of MicroPulse transscleral laser therapy (MP-TLT) using the original MicroPulse P3® device and continuous-wave transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (CW-TSCPC) using the G-Probe® device in glaucoma. METHODS: Spherical equivalent, intraocular pressure (IOP), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and number of topical or oral ophthalmic pressure-reducing medications were registered at every time point, up to the last follow-up at 12 months. A complete slit-lamp examination was conducted to record the following complications: cor

Efficacy of bandage contact lens for the management of dry eye disease after cataract surgery.

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bandage contact lens (BCL) for the management of dry eye disease (DED) after cataract surgery. METHODS: A total of 120 patients (140 eyes) with age-related cataract and DED were enrolled in this study. Patients underwent standard micro-incision phacoemulsification surgeries and were divided into control or BCL groups. Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination, Ocular Surface Disease Index, keratograph analysis and Schirmer I test were executed, and the levels of tear inflammatory molecules were detected. RESULTS: In the control group, the NIAvg-BUT an

NEUROPATHY, ATAXIA, AND RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA SYNDROME: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY DIAGNOSIS.

PURPOSE: To report a case of neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa syndrome, a rare and undiagnosed disease in ophthalmology due to the need for multidisciplinary evaluation. METHODS: Multimodal testing was performed, including neurologic, ophthalmologic, and genetic assessments. The neurologic tests comprised electromyogram and muscle biopsy; the ophthalmologic examination consisted of slit-lamp and fundus examinations, optical coherence tomography, visual field testing, and electrophysiology tests such as a full-field electroretinogram and multifocal electroretinogram; and genetic te

A Pedigree Report of a Rare Case of Weill-Marchesani Syndrome with New Compound Heterozygous LTBP2 Mutations.

BACKGROUND: Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is an autosomal inherited connective tissue disease. Clinical manifestations include microsphero … er parents brought her to the hospital. Computer optometry showed high myopia in both eyes, while a slit lamp examination found that the anterior chamber of both eyes was shallow, and the lens was in a state of dislocation (ectopia lentis). An IOLMaster examination revealed that the lens was spherical (MSP), and the lens thickness (LT) was 5.36 mm. Corneal …

TSLP Produced by Aspergillus fumigatus-Stimulated DCs Promotes a Th17 Response Through the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in Fungal Keratitis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) secreted by Aspergillus fumigatus-stimulated dendritic cells (DCs) during the T helper 17 (Th17) immune response, and further clarify the mechanisms contributing to the Th17 immune response of fungal keratitis (FK). METHODS: A carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester assay, PCR, and flow cytometry were performed to detect Th17 differentiation of CD4+ T cells; PCR, ELISA, and Western blot were used to detect the expression of TSLP and JAK/STAT-related proteins; Signaling pathways involved i

[Observation of cosmetic effect of corneal interlamellar staining in patients with corneal leucoma].

Objective: To observe the clinical effect of corneal staining in patients with corneal leucoma. Methods: Restrospective case series study.Thirty eyes of 30 patients (17 males, 13 females) with corneal leucoma who underwent corneal interlamellar staining at Beijing Aier-Intech Eye Hospital from October 2014 to July 2018 were included. The mean age was 31.50±15.66 years. Postoperative follow-up was more than 1 year. All the patients underwent appearance examination, anterior segment examination with a slit lamp, B-scan examination and anterior segment OCT examination preoperatively and postopera…

Establishment and Characterization of a Unilateral UV-Induced Photoreceptor Degeneration Model in the C57Bl/6J Mouse.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether UV irradiation of the mouse eye can induce photoreceptor degeneration, producing a phenotype reminiscent of the rd10 mouse, left eyes of female C57Bl/6J mice were irradiated with a UV LED array (370 nm). A lens was placed between the cornea and LED, allowing illumination of about one-third of the retina. The short-term and long-term effects on the retina were evaluated. METHODS: First, a dose escalation study, in which corneal dosages between 2.8 and 9.3 J/cm2 were tested, was performed. A dosage of 7.5 J/cm2 was chosen for the following characterization study.

Autosomal dominant foveal hypoplasia without visible macular abnormalities and PAX6 mutations.

PURPOSE: Autosomal dominant foveal hypoplasia (FVH1) is a rare disorder associated with mutations in the PAX6 gene. As an isolated disease entity, FVH1 does not include ocular disorders such as aniridia, microphthalmia, albinism, and achromatopsia. However, it only includes isolated foveal hypoplasia and foveal hypoplasia with presenile cataract. The purpose of this report is to present our findings in four patients from two families with FVH1 without visible ophthalmic macular abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN: A review of the medical records of two families with FVH1 and genetic confirmation of m