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Is pseudomyopia associated with anxiety and related disorders?

OBJECTIVES: To investigate in detail the exact relationship between Pseudomyopia, also termed accommodative spasm, and psychiatric disorders … 2,25D / 9,50D). Following the SCL-90-R screening scale and psychiatric evaluation, five generalized anxiety disorders, three obsessive compulsive disorders, three panic disorders, one social anxiety disorder, one posttraumatic stress disorder, one conversion disorder, one major depressive disorder were diagnosed. As a result, 15 (71,4%) of 21 patients were treated …

Anxiety disorders in acute central nervous system infections.

BACKGROUND: Patients affected by acute central nervous system (ACNS) infectionsmay present different complications, including neuropsychological disorders. Nevertheless, psychopathological impairment has been rarely measured by appropriate and validated tests. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Survivors of childhood ACNS infections admitted to the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy, from June 2013 to June 2015 were re-evaluated at follow-up from June 2016 to June 2017. Both patients and their parents underwent a psychological interview and neuropsychological tests (the Leiter International Per

Тревожные расстройства среди представителей сексуальных и гендерных меньшинств

Среди сексуальных и гендерных меньшинств отмечается значительное увеличение числа случаев расстройств, вызывающих тревогу. В этой главе рассматривается модель стресса для меньшинств в качестве основы для концептуализации тревоги среди сексуальных и гендерных меньшинств, и авторы рассматривают литературу о взаимосвязи между конкретными факторами стресса и симптомами для меньшинств. Авторы анализируют показатели распространенности тревожных расстройств среди сексуальных меньшинств и гендерных меньшинств отдельно и в сравнении с гетеросексуальными и цисгендерными лицами. Кроме того, рассматривает

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
AbstractRates of anxiety disorders are significantly elevated among sexual and gender minorities. In this chapter, the minority stress model is discussed as a framework for conceptualizing anxiety among sexual and gender minorities, and the authors review the literature on the relationships between specific minority stressors and symptoms. The authors examin…

Current and Novel Psychopharmacological Drugs for Anxiety Disorders.

Anxiety disorders, including panic disorder/agoraphobia (PDA), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and others, are the most prevalent mental disorders. In this paper, recommendations are given for the psychopharmacological treatment of these disorders which are based on comprehensive treatment guidelines, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews of available randomized controlled studies. Anxiety disorders can effectively be treated with psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, or a combination of both. First-line drugs are the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)…

Psychopharmacology of Pediatric Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review.

Anxiety disorders are common among children and adolescents; almost one-third of this population has an anxiety disorder. The most common anxiety disorders in this population are specific phobia (19.3%), social anxiety disorder/ social phobia (9.1 %), and separation anxiety disorder (7.6 %). Pediatric anxiety disorders are often associated with poor psychosocial functioning, academic underachievement, learning difficulties, substance abuse, relationship problems, and suicide behaviors. Psychotherapy, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy as a stand-alone treatment or in combination with me…

Uric acid in major depressive and anxiety disorders.

BACKGROUND: Uric acid has neuroprotective effects, owing to its antioxidant properties. Lowered antioxidant capacity, causing increased oxidative stress, may be involved in affective disorders and might be altered by antidepressants. This study investigated the association of plasma uric acid, the greatest contributor to blood antioxidant capacity, with major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders. METHODS: Data were from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety including patients with current (N = 1648), remitted (N = 609) MDD and/or anxiety disorders (of which N = 710 antide…

Prevalence of anxiety disorders among children who stutter.

PURPOSE: Stuttering during adulthood is associated with a heightened rate of anxiety disorders, especially social anxiety disorder. Given the early onset of both anxiety and stuttering, this comorbidity could be present among stuttering children. METHOD: Participants were 75 stuttering children 7-12 years and 150 matched non-stuttering control children. Multinomial and binary logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios for anxiety disorders, and two-sample t-tests compared scores on measures of anxiety and psycho-social difficulties. RESULTS: Compared to non-stuttering contr…

Ministry of Health Clinical Practice Guidelines: Anxiety Disorders.

The Ministry of Health (MOH) has developed the clinical practice guidelines on Anxiety Disorders to provide doctors and patients in Singapore with evidence-based treatment for anxiety disorders. This article reproduces the introduction and executive summary (with recommendations from the guidelines) from the MOH clinical practice guidelines on anxiety disorders, for the information of SMJ readers. Chapters and page numbers mentioned in the reproduced extract refer to the full text of the guidelines, which are available from the Ministry of Health website: http://www.moh.gov.sg/content/moh_web/…

Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders.

Cannabidiol (CBD), a Cannabis sativa constituent, is a pharmacologically broad-spectrum drug that in recent years has drawn increasing inter … ons. Overall, current evidence indicates CBD has considerable potential as a treatment for multiple anxiety disorders, with need for further study of chronic and therapeutic effects in relevant clinical populations.

Epidemiology of anxiety disorders in the 21st century.

Anxiety disorders, including panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, specific phobias, and separation anxiety disorder, are the most prevalent mental disorders and are associated with immense health care costs and a high burden of disease. According to large population-based surveys, up to 33.7% of the population are affected by an anxiety disorder during their lifetime. Substantial underrecognition and undertreatment of these disorders have been demonstrated. There is no evidence that the prevalence rates of anxiety disorders have cha…

[Clinical features of anxiety disorders in pregnant women].

OBJECTIVE: To study the frequency and clinical features of anxiety disorders during pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One thousand women who were 8-40 weeks pregnant were examined. Anxiety disorders were noted in 98 cases, 90 of them were included in the study. A special form used in the study included medical and social/demographic data. Psychopathological examination and psychometric testing were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Psychopathological heterogeneity of anxiety disorders was shown. The following syndromes were singled out: anxiety (20%), anxious-sub-depressive (10%), anxious-ph…

Spectrum of anxiety disorders: diagnosis and pharmacologic treatment.

Nearly 30% of women experience an anxiety disorder at some time during their lives, and there is increasing evidence that anxiety disorders are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Despite increased media coverage regarding anxiety disorders, women are reluctant to discuss signs and symptoms of anxiety with family or health care providers. Additionally, despite ongoing research and improved educational curricula, primary care and women's health care providers find diagnosis and treatment of mental health disorders challenging. This article reviews the diagnostic features and pharmacolog…

Anxiety disorders, hypertension, and cardiovascular risk: a review.

Hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), and anxiety disorders all cause substantial morbidity to patients and costs to the healthcare system. Associations between these diseases have been hypothesized and studied for decades. In particular, psychosocial stressors associated with anxiety disorders raise autonomic arousal via the hypothalamic-pituitary axis which increases circulating catecholamines. This heightened arousal is associated with an increased risk of hypertension and a pro-inflammatory state and, consequently, development of coronary heart disease. This association holds across …

Assessing excessive reassurance seeking in the anxiety disorders.

Reassurance seeking has long been hypothesized to be a key factor in the maintenance of anxiety within contemporary cognitive-behavioral approaches to the conceptualization and treatment of anxiety disorders. However, empirical studies have lagged due to the absence of a reliable and valid measure of reassurance seeking. The present study sought to develop and examine the psychometric properties of a theoretically derived measure of reassurance seeking in treatment-seeking participants with DSM-IV-TR (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) social phobia (n=116), generalized anxiety disorder (…

Acamprosate calcium as augmentation therapy for anxiety disorders.

BACKGROUND: Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, while γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a predominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. This GABA-glutamate imbalance is thought to play a role in the development of anxiety. Acamprosate calcium is thought to restore this chemical imbalance in alcohol withdrawal. OBJECTIVE: To examine acamprosate calcium as augmentation therapy for treatment of anxiety. METHODS: This 8-week, open-label study was designed to evaluate patients with anxiety who were stable on current medications (selective serotonin-reuptake inhi

Psychotherapies for comorbid anxiety in bipolar spectrum disorders.

BACKGROUND: Comorbid anxiety disorders are highly prevalent in bipolar disorder and have been shown to have serious negative impacts on the course of illness. The pharmacological treatment of anxiety can interact with the bipolar disorder and has not been proven effective. As such, many have recommended the psychological treatment of anxiety. This paper reviews the literature on psychological treatments for anxiety comorbid to bipolar disorder. METHOD: The Medline, PsychInfo and Web of Science databases were thoroughly examined for relevant treatment studies. RESULTS: Despite frequent recomm…

Headache, anxiety and depressive disorders: the HADAS study.

The objective of this paper was to assess prevalence and characteristics of anxiety and depression in migraine without aura and tension-type headache, either isolated or in combination. Although the association between headache and psychiatric disorders is undisputed, patients with migraine and/or tension-type headache have been frequently investigated in different settings and using different tests, which prevents meaningful comparisons. Psychiatric comorbidity was tested through structured interview and the MINI inventory in 158 adults with migraine without aura and in 216 persons with tensi

Anxiety disorders in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease.

OBJECTIVE: Anxiety disorders (AND1) commonly occur in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) but their socio-demographic and clinical correlates have not yet been unequivocally determined. This study aimed to assess the frequency of ANDI and their correlates in Chinese PD patients. METHODS: A cohort of 133 patients of PD were recruited from three neurology outpatient clinics. Participants' neurological, cognitive, and psychiatric status was assessed using standardized rating instruments. ANDI were diagnosed by qualified psychiatrists using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic …

Mood and anxiety disorders in systemic sclerosis patients.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and the association of these disorders with clinical features. METHODS: Between May 2002 and May 2004, 100 SSc patients fulfilling the American Rheumatism Association and/or Leroy & Medsger criteria were recruited: 51 were from a SSc patient association meeting, and 49 were hospitalized in an internal medicine department and recruited consecutively. Mood and anxiety disorders were assessed by use of a structured clinical interview [the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI)] pe…

Regional brain volume in depression and anxiety disorders.

CONTEXT: Major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder are among the most prevalent and frequently co-occurri … late gyrus extending into the dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus in MDD, comorbid MDD and anxiety, and anxiety disorders without comorbid MDD, independent of illness severity, sex, and medication use. Furthermore, we demonstrated reduced right lateral inferior frontal volumes in MDD and reduced left middle/superior temporal volume in anxiety disorders without comorbid …