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A history of abuse in community subjects with irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia: the role of other psychosocial variables.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Why abuse is associated with irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia remains unclear but other psychosocial factors may be important. We hypothesized that other psychosocial variables may confound the association. METHODS: 207 subjects identified from a previous population survey who also met Rome I criteria for IBS (n=156) or functional dyspepsia (n=51) were included in the study. Controls (n=100) did not report having any abdominal pain in a previous population survey. Sexual, physical, emotional/verbal abuse as a child (<or=13 years) and adult (>or=14 years) was

Ergonomic and psychosocial factors affect daily function in workers' compensation claimants with persistent upper extremity disorders.

Pain and other symptoms associated with work-related upper extremity disorders (WRUEDs) can lead to significant distress, lost function, and disability. Identifying factors associated with decreased upper extremity function may lead to the development of more effective interventions. In this study, participants were 165 government employees (127 female, 38 male) with an accepted workers' compensation claim (< 90 days from claim filing) for a WRUED who were unable to perform their normal work. Participants completed baseline measures of upper extremity functional limitation, symptoms, general h

Executive function and psychosocial adjustment in children with early treated phenylketonuria: correlation with historical and concurrent phenylalanine levels.

The issue of what level of phenylalanine (phe) constitutes a safe upper limit for the therapeutic range in dietary treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) remains unsettled. It has been proposed that the previous guideline figure of 600 mumol l-1 may result in specific impairment of executive functions such as attention, planning and set maintenance. The executive dysfunction theory was investigated by correlation historical and concurrent phe with executive, non-executive and personality tests in a group of early and continuously treated children, aged 10-13 years, with classical PKU, whose averag

The Impact of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Psychosocial Factors, Functional Capacity, and Left Ventricular Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac rehabilitation is a multifaceted program implemented after adverse events. It aims at facilitating the return to normal life. This review aimed to examine the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on psychosocial risk factors, functional capacity, and left ventricular function. METHODS: The following databases: CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library have been searched to retrieve the randomised controlled trials that investigate the effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation versus usual care on anxiety, depression, peak oxygen consumption, six-minute walk distance, left ven

Psychosocial functioning is correlated with activation in the anterior cingulate cortex and left lateral prefrontal cortex during a verbal fluency task in euthymic bipolar disorder: a preliminary fMRI study.

AIM: Cognitive impairment may account for functional and occupational disability in patients with bipolar disorder even during periods of euthymia. While imaging suggests structural, neurochemical, and functional abnormalities in bipolar disorder patients, the pathophysiology of these deficits has not been elucidated. It was hypothesized that euthymic bipolar patients would have different cortical activation during a verbal fluency task compared to healthy controls, and that psychosocial functioning would be associated with prefrontal cortical activation during the task in the bipolar group. …

Psychosocial Factors Mediate the Relationship Between Olfactory Function and Cognitive Frailty in Older Adults: A Structural Equation Modelling.

OBJECTIVE: With the trend of population ageing, cognitive frailty in older adults is an increasingly pressing public health issue. Identifying early-stage risk factors has become a key priority for researchers with the goal of preventing disability. This study aimed to test a conceptual model and elucidate the pathways leading to cognitive frailty using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional design with data from outpatient departments within a tertiary medical centre in southern Taiwan. Participants (n = 208) were aged 65 years or older and able to commu

Physical Function, Psychosocial Status, and Symptom Burden Among Adults with Plasma Cell Disorders and Associations with Quality of Life.

BACKGROUND: The plasma cell disorders (PCDs), multiple myeloma (MM), and light-chain amyloidosis (AL) are disproportionately diseases of older adults, whose care may be complicated by frailty associated with advancing age. We sought to evaluate the prevalence of functional deficits and symptoms in a cohort of persons with PCDs and associations of demographic, disease-related, functional, and psychosocial measures with quality of life (QoL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Adults with PCDs were recruited into an observational registry in 2018-2020. Patients completed a functional assessment and European

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… Psychological health was evaluated using the Mental Health Index-13 (MHI) Depression and Anxiety scales, with scores of ≥12 and ≥6 indicating significant depression or anxiety, respectively. 39 Psychosocial functioning was further assessed via the QLQ-C30 Role functioning, emotional functioning, social …

Long-term functional and psychosocial outcome in adolescents and young adults treated for lower urinary tract dysfunction in childhood.

BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) in childhood might affect lower urinary tract function and psychological wellbeing later in life. This study presents long-term functional outcome, psychological outcome and quality of life (QOL) of adolescents and young adults treated for childhood LUTD compared to healthy age-matched controls. In addition, association with past treatment outcomes is evaluated. STUDY DESIGN: A single-centre cross-sectional study of former patients treated in childhood (currently 16-26 years old) was conducted. Participants completed a survey composed from va

Psychosocial Correlates of Objective, Performance-Based, and Patient-Reported Physical Function Among Patients with Heterogeneous Chronic Pain.

BACKGROUND: Improving all aspects of physical function is an important goal of chronic pain management. Few studies follow recent guidelines to comprehensively assess physical function via patient-reported, performance-based, and objective/ambulatory measures. PURPOSE: To test 1) the interrelation between the 3 types of physical function measurement and 2) the association between psychosocial factors and each type of physical function measurement. METHODS: Patients with chronic pain (N=79) completed measures of: 1) physical function (patient-reported disability; performance-based 6-minute wa

Functional and Psychosocial Outcomes of Hand Transplantation Compared with Prosthetic Fitting in Below-Elbow Amputees: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Hand-transplantation and improvements in the field of prostheses opened new frontiers in restoring hand function in below-elbow amputees. Both concepts aim at restoring reliable hand function, however, the indications, advantages and limitations for each treatment must be carefully considered depending on level and extent of amputation. Here we report our findings of a multi-center cohort study comparing hand function and quality-of-life of people with transplanted versus prosthetic hands. METHODS: Hand function in amputees with either transplant or prostheses was tested with Acti

Which method of posttraumatic stress disorder classification best predicts psychosocial function in children with traumatic brain injury?

Controversy surrounds the classification of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), particularly in children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In these populations, it is difficult to differentiate TBI-related organic memory loss from dissociative amnesia. Several alternative PTSD classification algorithms have been proposed for use with children. This paper investigates DSM-IV-TR and alternative PTSD classification algorithms, including and excluding the dissociative amnesia item, in terms of their ability to predict psychosocial function following pediatric TBI. A sample of 18

A randomized controlled trial of the people with arthritis can exercise program: symptoms, function, physical activity, and psychosocial outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the basic 8-week People with Arthritis Can Exercise (PACE) program for improvements in primary (symptoms, functioning, level of physical activity) and secondary (psychosocial) outcomes. METHODS: A total of 346 individuals with self-reported arthritis from 18 sites participated in a randomized controlled trial of PACE. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. The intervention group completed self-reported assessments at 3 and 6 months. Two-level multiple linear regression models were estimated to calculate adjusted outcome means in the intervention and control gro

Fluphenazine levels during maintenance treatment of recent-onset schizophrenia: relation to side effects, psychosocial function and depression.

RATIONALE: The utility of fluphenazine levels during maintenance treatment of schizophrenia is still unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the relationship between fluphenazine levels and a variety of clinical measures during maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. METHODS: Fluphenazine levels, side effects, depression and psychosocial outcome were measured at five time points over approximately 1 year in 59 recent onset schizophrenic patients treated with a maintenance dose of injectable fluphenazine decanoate. Negative symptoms were evaluated at the 1-year endpoint. RESULTS: Fluphe

The relationship between 5-year changes in perceived cognitive function and psychosocial outcomes in individuals with spinal cord injury.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: Changes in perceived cognitive function after spinal cord injury (SCI) may have important implications for psychosocial well-being. Our purpose was to examine the association between 5-year changes in perceived cognitive function and subjective well-being, satisfaction with participation, depressive symptoms, and anxiety in adults with SCI. RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN: Data were collected from 385 individuals with traumatic SCI in 2018 and 2023, the two most recent time points in the 50-year SCI Longitudinal Aging Study. Perceived cognitive function was assessed at both times us

The influence of psychosocial stress on functional connectivity and neuroendocrine markers in adolescents with depressive and comorbid anxiety disorders: a study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Psychosocial stress is a major risk factor for adolescent depression and anxiety, impacting neurodevelopment through hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and oxytocinergic system dysregulation. Stress-related alterations in fronto-limbic resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) have been linked to depression and anxiety disorders, yet the role of oxytocin in these processes remains unclear. Existing research often excludes comorbid anxiety or focuses on adults, limiting insights into developmental trajectories and stress-related brain changes in youth. This study aims to investi

Differential effects of western versus mediterranean diets and psychosocial stress on ovarian function in female monkeys (Macaca fascicularis).

Ovarian dysfunction increases risk for chronic diseases of aging including cardiovascular disease, depression, cognitive impairment, as well as bone and muscle loss which promote frailty. Psychosocial stress can disrupt ovarian function, and recent observations suggest that consumption of a Western Diet may also. Determination of causal relationships among diet, psychosocial stress, and ovarian physiology is difficult in humans. Long-tailed (a.k.a. cynomolgus) macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are an excellent translational model for the study of diet and psychosocial effects on ovarian physiolog

Self-reported visual function and psychosocial impact of visual loss in EYS-associated retinal degeneration in a Portuguese population.

PURPOSE: To evaluate self-reported visual function and the psychosocial impact of visual loss EYS-associated retinal degeneration (EYS-RD) using two patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures: Michigan Retinal Degeneration Questionnaire (MRDQ) and Michigan Vision-related Anxiety Questionnaire (MVAQ). METHODS: Cross-sectional, single-center study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Portugal. Patients with biallelic EYS variants were invited to participate. Clinical data including demographics, ETDRS best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the better-seeing eye and genetic testing results were

Reading deficits in schizophrenia and individuals at high clinical risk: relationship to sensory function, course of illness, and psychosocial outcome.

OBJECTIVE: The ability to read passages of information fluently and with comprehension is a basic component of socioeconomic success. Reading ability depends on the integrity of underlying visual and auditory (phonological) systems. This study investigated the integrity of reading ability in schizophrenia relative to the integrity of underlying visual and auditory function. METHOD: The participants were 45 schizophrenia patients, 19 clinical high-risk patients, and 65 comparison subjects. Reading was assessed using tests sensitive to visual or phonological reading dysfunction. Sensory, neurop