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Survival of cystic fibrosis patients in South Australia. Evidence that cystic fibrosis centre care leads to better survival.

Life tables were calculated for 205 South Australians with cystic fibrosis. An improvement in survival was noted between 1948 and 1982. Ninety-three per cent of patients who were diagnosed as having cystic fibrosis after 1973 were alive at 14 years of age, compared with 40% of those who were diagnosed between 1948 and 1973. A Cystic Fibrosis Clinic was established in 1973 and much of this improvement is attributed to the care provided by this centre. Deaths from meconium ileus fell from 58% of infants with this complication between 1948 and 1973 to only 8% between 1973 and 1983, in spite of th…

Association Between Progression-Free Survival and Overall Survival in Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Trial-level Surrogate Endpoint Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Survival outcomes of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have substantially improved. In the setting of extended overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) is typically used as a primary endpoint in MCL clinical trials rather than OS to limit trial duration and cost. However, no prior analysis has assessed whether PFS can reliably predict OS. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic evaluation of PFS as a surrogate endpoint for OS in phase III MCL clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to identify phase III MCL trials. …

Overall survival and progression-free survival in pediatric meningiomas: a systematic review and individual patient-level meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Pediatric meningiomas (PMs) are rare central nervous system tumors, accounting for 1-5% of all meningiomas, and differ from adult meningiomas in clinical, histopathological, and molecular features. Current guidelines primarily focus on adults, leaving a gap in evidence-based management for PMs. This study presents the largest meta-analysis of longitudinal individual patient data (IPD) to date, addressing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in pediatric patients. METHODS: Data from 20 studies (2011-2023), including 1010 pediatric meningioma cases, were analyze…

Impact of Achieving Progression-Free Survival 24 on Subsequent Overall Survival in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Patients.

The impact of achieving progression-free survival at 24 months (PFS24) on subsequent survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) relative to the general population remains debatable. We assessed the impact of achieving PFS24 in newly diagnosed DLBCL patients using data from JCOG0601, a prospective study of DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP. Among 409 eligible patients (median follow-up: 5.3 years), 334 (82%) achieved PFS24, whereas 66 (16%) did not. Patients who achieved PFS24 had significantly better overall survival (OS) than those who did not (median OS, not reached vs.…

Factors affecting the survival of prediabetic patients: comparison of Cox proportional hazards model and random survival forest method.

BACKGROUND: The worldwide prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults is experiencing a rapid increase. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the survival of prediabetic patients using a comparison of the Cox proportional hazards model (CPH) and the Random survival forest (RSF). METHOD: This prospective cohort study was performed on 746 prediabetics in southwest Iran. The demographic, lifestyle, and clinical data of the participants were recorded. The CPH and RSF models were used to determine the patients' survival. Furthermore, the concordance index (C-index) and time-depen…

Microbiological risk factors, ICU survival, and 1-year survival in hematological patients with pneumonia requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.

PURPOSE: To identify pathogenic microorganisms and microbiological risk factors causing high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation due to pneumonia. METHODS: A retrospective single-center study was performed at the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Department of Internal Medicine at Heidelberg University Hospital (Germany) including 246 consecutive patients with hematological malignancies requiring invasive mechanical ventilation due to pneumonia from 08/2004 to 07/2016. Microbiological and radiological data were collected and statistic

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… ICU survival of these patients was 35.3% (18/51), 1-year survival was 14% (7/50). Secondary infections were fungal, bacterial and viral in 34, 24 and 3 patients, respectively. … Contrary to short-term survival, we did not find a significant association between microbiological factors and 1-year survival. …

Increasing melanoma incidence and survival trend shifts with improved melanoma-specific survival between 1990 and 2020 in Sweden.

BACKGROUND: Melanoma-specific survival (MSS) is heterogenous between stages and is highly dependent on the T stage for primary localized disease. New systemic therapies for metastatic cutaneous melanoma (CM) have been introduced since 2012 in Sweden. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the incidence and MSS time trends between 1990 and 2020 in Sweden. METHODS: Nationwide, population-based and prospectively collected clinico-pathological data on invasive CM from the Swedish Melanoma Registry (SweMR) were analysed for survival trends between 1990 and 2020 using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional haza…

Similar Survival Among All Subtypes of Mucinous Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Except the Intermediate Subtype, Which Shows an Improved Survival.

BACKGROUND: Limited success in the management of mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma (MACA) has been reported. METHODS: Cytoreductive surgery with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy was used to treat a cohort of patients with peritoneal dissemination of MACA. The clinical and histopathologic variables were assessed for their impact on overall survival. RESULTS: The study analyzed 196 patients during a median follow-up period of 8 years. The patients had a median age was 46 years, a median survival of 12 years, and a mean survival of 12.4 years. Preoperative systemic chemotherapy and …

Impact of Preoperative Social Frailty on Overall Survival and Cancer-Specific Survival among Older Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer.

OBJECTIVES: Frailty is a multidimensional syndrome. However, typical frailty scales used in oncology clinics assess physical impairment and/or malnutrition but do not consider the social domain. Our study aimed to clarify the relationship between preoperative social frailty and overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) among older patients with gastrointestinal cancer. DESIGN: This was a prospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-center study recruited 195 patients with gastrointestinal cancer scheduled for curative surgery and aged >60 years. METHODS: Th…

Survival at 30 days in elderly patients with hip fracture surgery who were exposed to hypothermia: Survival study.

The effect of hypothermia as a mortality risk factor at 30 days in the elderly who had hip fracture (HF) surgery is still controversial because it may be due to a set of poorly identified factors. In this study, we aim to determine if exposure to intra and immediate postoperative hypothermia increases the incidence of mortality at 30 days in elderly patients who had HF surgery.Survival study in the elderly who had HF surgery with and without exposure to hypothermia. Sociodemographic, anesthetic and surgical factors were collected. The temperature of the rectum was measured at the end of the su…

Nomograms to predict 2-year overall survival and advanced schistosomiasis-specific survival after discharge: a competing risk analysis.

BACKGROUND: The prognosis of patients with advanced schistosomiasis is poor. Pre-existing prognosis studies did not differentiate the causes of the deaths. The objectives were to evaluate the 2-year overall survival (OS) and advanced schistosomiasis-specific survival (ASS) in patients with advanced schistosomiasis after discharge through competing risk analysis and to build predictive nomograms. METHODS: Data was extracted from a previously constructed database from Hubei province. Patients were enrolled from September 2014 to January 2015, with follow up to January 2017. OS and ASS were prim…

A machine learning approach to estimating preterm infants survival: development of the Preterm Infants Survival Assessment (PISA) predictor.

Estimation of mortality risk of very preterm neonates is carried out in clinical and research settings. We aimed at elaborating a prediction tool using machine learning methods. We developed models on a cohort of 23747 neonates <30 weeks gestational age, or <1501 g birth weight, enrolled in the Italian Neonatal Network in 2008-2014 (development set), using 12 easily collected perinatal variables. We used a cohort from 2015-2016 (N = 5810) as a test set. Among several machine learning methods we chose artificial Neural Networks (NN). The resulting predictor was compared with logistic regression

Home- or Institutional Hemodialysis? - a Matched Pair-Cohort Study Comparing Survival and Some Modifiable Factors Related to Survival.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Survival for dialysis patients is poor. Earlier studies have shown better survival in home-hemodialysis (HHD). The aims of this study are to compare survival for matched patients with HHD and institutional hemodialysis (IHD) and to elucidate the effect on factors related to survival such as hyperphosphatemia, fluid overload and anemia. METHODS: In this retrospective, observational study, incident patients starting HHD and IHD were matched according to sex, age, comorbidity and date of start. Survival analysis was performed both as "intention to treat" including renal transpla…

Predictors of survival, nonrelapse mortality, and failure-free survival in patients treated for chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a pleotropic syndrome that lacks validated methods of measuring response in clinical trials, although several end points have been proposed. To investigate the prognostic significance of these proposed end points, such as the 2005 National Institutes of Health (NIH) response measures, 2014 NIH response measures, clinician-reported response, and patient-reported response, we tested their ability to predict subsequent overall survival (OS), nonrelapse mortality (NRM), and failure-free survival (FFS). Patients (n = 575) were enrolled on a prospective ch…

Circulating tumor cells predict progression free survival and overall survival in patients with relapsed/recurrent advanced ovarian cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Serial circulating tumor cell (CTC) counts have demonstrated predictive and prognostic value in patients with metastatic breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer. In a phase III study of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) with trabectedin vs. PLD for relapsed ovarian cancer, we evaluated the correlation, if any, between numbers of CTCs and progression free survival, (PFS) and overall survival (OS). METHODS: CTCs were isolated from peripheral blood (10 mL) using the CellSearch system and reagents (Veridex). A CTC is defined as EpCAM+, cytokeratin+, CD45-, and is positive for the n…

Survival of dairy cows after surgery to correct abomasal displacement: 1. Clinical and laboratory parameters and overall survival.

The objective of this study was to compare the clinical and laboratory consequences of left and right displacement of the abomasum (LDA and RDA), short- and long-term survival after surgery and the findings in cows, that could not be cured by omentopexy. Data from 564 cases of displaced abomasum (466 LDA, 98 RDA) were analysed retrospectively. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared between the two manifestations of DA. Survival was assessed after 10 days and after 15 months. Necropsy was carried out on cows that died or were killed. On arrival at the clinic, left displacement of the ab…

The survival motor neuron protein of Schizosacharomyces pombe. Conservation of survival motor neuron interaction domains in divergent organisms.

Spinal muscular atrophy is a common often lethal neurodegenerative disease resulting from deletions or mutations in the survival motor neuron gene (SMN). SMN is ubiquitously expressed in metazoan cells and plays a role in small nuclear ribonucleoprotein assembly and pre-mRNA splicing. Here we characterize the Schizosacharomyces pombe orthologue of SMN (yeast SMN (ySMN)). We report that the ySMN protein is essential for viability and localizes in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Like human SMN, we show that ySMN can oligomerize. Remarkably, ySMN interacts directly with human SMN and Sm prote…

ROBO1 is required for postnatal growth and survival.

Roundabout guidance receptor 1 (ROBO1) is critical for various processes essential to mammalian development. However, its role in postnatal … enance of multiple organs, with associated modulation of the GH/IGF-1 axis, potentially influencing survival. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to elucidate the broader implications of ROBO1 deficiency, particularly in relation to human developmental disorders such as growth hormone deficiencies.