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Multicentric plasmacytoma in a harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena off the coast of Whidbey Island, Washington State, USA.

Necropsy of a female adult pregnant harbor porpoise Phocoena phocoena revealed a multicentric plasmacytoma. The plasmacytoma infiltrated the cranial lung lobes, mediastinal lymph nodes and the spleen. Diagnosis was based on gross, histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies. Histopathology revealed a diffuse proliferation of atypical pleomorphic neoplastic round cells with plasmacytic features. Positive immunohistochemistry with anti-CD79a and anti-CD20 antibody markers and anti-multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM-1) for plasmacytoma confirmed this neoplasm to be of B-cell origin. This is the

Abstracts of the 3rd International Conference on Cancer Cachexia, September 23–25, 2016 in Washington, DC, USA

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… The 3rd International Conference on Cancer Cachexia titled, “ Advancing Molecular Mechanisms and Therapies ” took place on September 23–25, 2016, in Washington, DC. This meeting followed the 1st conference in 2012 in Boston, USA, and the 2nd in 2014 in Montreal, Canada. … (2017) Abstracts of the 3 rd International Conference on Cancer Cachexia, September 23–25, 2016 in Washington, DC, USA. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 8: 145–160. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12186 . …

Draft Genome Sequences of Listeria monocytogenes Strains from Listeriosis Outbreaks Linked to Soft Cheese in Washington State.

Listeria monocytogenes has caused listeriosis outbreaks linked to soft cheese. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of seven L. monocytogenes isolates from two possibly related outbreaks caused by soft cheese products in Washington State.

Clinical risk factors for death after release from prison in Washington State: a nested case-control study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: While mortality rates after prison release are high, little is known about clinical risk factors for death. We sought to identify risk and protective factors for all-cause and accidental poisoning (overdose) death. DESIGN: Nested case-control study of people released from prison. SETTING: Washington State Department of Corrections, Washington, USA. PARTICIPANTS: Cases (699 all-cause deaths, of which 88 were among women, and 196 additional overdose deaths, of which 76 were among women) between 1999 and 2009 matched 1 : 1 to controls on sex, age and year of release using …

Childhood sexual abuse and HIV-related risks among men who have sex with men in Washington, DC.

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been reported to be disproportionately higher among men who have sex with men (MSM) than among heterosexual men; it has also been found to be significantly positively associated with HIV status and HIV risk factors, including unprotected anal intercourse. The purpose of this study was to assess the correlates of CSA in a sample of community-recruited MSM, investigate race as a potential effect modifier, and describe the independent association between CSA and HIV infection in Washington, DC. A total of 500 MSM were recruited by venue-based sampling in 2008 as p…

Fixed drug eruption associated with sulfonamides sold in Latino grocery stores - Greater Washington, DC, area, 2012-2013.

In March 2012, a Salvadoran-American boy aged 7 years living in Maryland developed three slightly painful, well-demarcated, flat, gray-brown patches on his torso. A dermatologist in Washington, DC, suspected a fixed drug eruption (an erythema multiforme-like adverse drug reaction that occurs in the same location each time the person uses a particular medication). The child had recently taken a cough and cold remedy, Baczol Antigripal, which was made in El Salvador and purchased in a Maryland suburb of Washington, DC, without a prescription. The Baczol Antigripal ingredients included the sulfon…

Pathogen exposure and blood chemistry in the Washington, USA population of northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni).

Northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) from Washington State, United States were evaluated in 2011 to determine health status and pathogen exposure. Antibodies to Brucella spp. (10%) and influenza A virus (23%) were detected for the first time in this population in 2011. Changes in clinical pathology values (serum chemistries), exposure to pathogens, and overall health of the population over the last decade were assessed by comparing 2011 data to the data collected on this population in 2001-2002. Several serum chemistry parameters were different between study years and sexes but were no…

Early imaging for acute low back pain: one-year health and disability outcomes among Washington State workers.

STUDY DESIGN: A population-based, prospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of early imaging and health and disability status 1 year following acute low back injury, among a population-based sample of Washington State workers' compensation claimants. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Use of early diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for low back pain (LBP) contributes to increasing health care costs but may not lead to better outcomes than delayed imaging. In the worker's compensation system, LBP is common and costly. This research examines the association between ear…

Understanding barriers to routine HIV screening: knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare providers in King County, Washington.

OBJECTIVE: In 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended routine HIV screening in healthcare settings for persons between 13 and 64 years old. In 2010, the Washington Administrative Code (WAC) was changed to align testing rules with these recommendations. We designed this survey to ascertain the current state of HIV testing and barriers to routine screening in King County, Washington. METHODS: Between March 23 and April 16, 2010, a convenience sample of healthcare providers completed an online survey. Providers answered true-false and multiple choice questions abou…

Trends in Neisseria gonorrhoeae Incidence Among HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Men in Washington State, 1996-2007.

OBJECTIVES: We assessed population-level trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae co-infection among adult males in Washington State between 1996 and 2007. METHODS: Population-based categorical disease surveillance registries for gonorrhea and for HIV were electronically matched and merged at the record level and incidence rates were calculated for reported HIV-positive and presumed HIV-negative men. RESULTS: The incidence of gonorrhea infection increased significantly among both HIV-positive and presumed HIV-negative men from 1996 to 2005, and this trend has re…

Resurgent bacterial sexually transmitted disease among men who have sex with men--King County, Washington, 1997-1999.

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, King County, Washington (1998 population: 1.6 million), experienced a substantial epidemic of infectious syphilis (i.e., primary, secondary, and early latent). Subsequently, reported cases of infectious syphilis declined to six cases in 1995 and one in 1996; five of the 1995 cases and the case in 1996 were believed to have been acquired outside King County. However, in 1997, sustained spread of syphilis was reestablished in King County. To determine whether this reemergence was associated with changes in the epidemiology of other sexually transmitted dise…

White-black differences in cardiovascular malformations in infancy and socioeconomic factors. The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study Group.

Cardiovascular malformations were examined for white/black variation in the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study. In this population-based case-control study, cases (n = 2,087) were live births with cardiovascular malformations ascertained through pediatric cardiology centers and 53 hospitals in Maryland, the District of Columbia, and northern Virginia between 1981 and 1987. Controls (n = 2,721) were a random sample of infants from the live-birth cohort that gave rise to the cases. The proportion of infants that were white was similar for all cases as a group and controls (0.68 and 0.67, respecti…

Ten-year study of pediatric drownings and near-drownings in King County, Washington: lessons in injury prevention.

The factors associated with submersion events among less than 20-year-old persons that occurred in King County from 1974 to 1983 were studied to focus prevention efforts. Near-drowning (n = 103) and drowning (n = 96) victims were identified from medical examiners' reports, paramedics' reports, and hospital discharge registers. Annual incidence was 5.5; the mortality rate was 2.6 per 100,000 children. Although preschool-aged children had the largest incidence (12.8), followed by older adolescents (4.9), adolescents had the largest case fatality rate, 77%. Lake and river victims had the largest

Behavioral health and drunk driving prevention: The history and policy implications of the Washington Regional Alcohol Program (WRAP).

OBJECTIVES: Since its establishment in 1983, the Washington Regional Alcohol Program (WRAP) has tried to decrease the costs of drunk driving and underage drinking. This article (1) analyzes how WRAP worked to prevent drunk driving using behavioral health strategies and (2) reflects on the policy implications of this approach. STUDY DESIGN: Historical-textual analysis of interviews and archival records; iterative review of applicable scholarship from history, sociology, and public health. METHODS: This project applies historical methods to examine three sets of primary sources: four boxes of …

Comorbidities and treatment regimens of HIV-associated lipodystrophy disease among a cohort of persons with HIV in Washington, DC.

HIV-associated lipodystrophy (HAL) continues to occur in persons with HIV (PWH) despite use of antiretroviral therapies (ART). The purpose of this study was to compare characteristics of PWH with and without HAL, determine associations between HAL diagnosis and medical comorbidities, describe correlates of HAL treatment and explore use of pre-HAL ART regimens among PWH in a large cohort. Using data from the DC Cohort longitudinal study of PWH in Washington, DC, we identified HAL diagnoses from 2011 to 2024 using ICD-codes and prescription medications from electronic health records. We assessed…

Prevalence and risk factors for post-COVID conditions of COVID-19 among persons with HIV in Washington, DC.

Post-COVID conditions (long COVID) are defined as COVID symptoms persisting 28 days post-initial infection. The limited research available on the prevalence and experiences of post-COVID conditions among persons with HIV (PWH) indicates potential increased risk for post-COVID conditions. The purpose of this study was to characterize prevalence, symptom clustering, impact, and potential risk factors of post-COVID conditions among PWH. Data come from the COVID-19 survey, conducted as a sub-study of the DC Cohort Longitudinal HIV Study, an ongoing study of over 12,000 PWH living in Washington, DC…

Availability of Health Care Services and Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Carceral Facilities in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho.

OBJECTIVES: To determine availability of health care services, treatment for acute alcohol and/or opioid withdrawal, and medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in carceral facilities in the Northwest. METHODS: We queried 146 county jail and state prison facilities in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho (122 respondents). Availability of services were calculated, and results reported by state and facility type. RESULTS: Four-fifths (80.3%) reported providing health care services; 41% provide access to care 24 hours a day. Washington facilities reported the highest prevalence of treatment for ac…

Brief report: Population-based reversal of the adverse impact of opioids on disability in Washington State workers' compensation.

BACKGROUND: Evidence has associated opioid use initiated early in a workers' compensation claim with subsequent disability. In 2013, the Washington State Department of Labor and Industries (DLI) implemented procedures based on new regulations that require improvement in pain and function to approve opioids beyond the acute pain period. METHODS: We measured opioid prescriptions between 6 and 12 weeks following injury, an indicator of persistent opioid use. Actuarial data for the association of any opioid use versus no opioid use with development of lost time payments are reported. RESULTS: Pr…

Auditing Access to Outpatient Rehabilitation Services for Children With Traumatic Brain Injury and Public Insurance in Washington State.

OBJECTIVE: To identify insurance-based disparities in access to outpatient pediatric neurorehabilitation services. DESIGN: Audit study with paired calls, where callers posed as a mother seeking services for a simulated child with history of severe traumatic brain injury and public or private insurance. SETTING: Outpatient rehabilitation clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Sample of rehabilitation clinics (N=287): 195 physical therapy (PT) clinics, 109 occupational therapy (OT) clinics, 102 speech therapy (ST) clinics, and 11 rehabilitation medicine clinics. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME

Three outbreaks of foodborne botulism caused by unsafe home canning of vegetables--Ohio and Washington, 2008 and 2009.

Foodborne botulism is a potentially fatal paralytic illness caused by ingestion of neurotoxin produced by the spore-forming bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Historically, home-canned vegetables have been the most common cause of botulism outbreaks in the United States. During 2008 and 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state and local health departments in Ohio and Washington State investigated three outbreaks caused by unsafe home canning of vegetables. We analyzed CDC surveillance data for background on food vehicles that caused botulism outbreaks from 1999 to 200…