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Carbon monoxide reverses adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance upon loss of ovarian function.

We hypothesized that carbon monoxide (CO) might suppress chronic inflammation, which led to metabolic disturbances. Ovariectomy (OVX) was performed in mice to mimic chronic inflammation secondary to loss of ovarian function. OVX increased fat mass and the infiltration of highly inflammatory CD11c cells into adipose tissue (AT), resulting in a disturbance of glucose metabolism. Treatment of CO attenuated these; CO decreased recruitment of CD11c-expressing cells in AT and reduced expression of CD11c in bone marrow-derived macrophages, protecting them from M1 polarization. Upregulated cGMP and de

TNF-α impairs endothelial function in adipose tissue resistance arteries of mice with diet-induced obesity.

We tested the hypothesis that high fat (HF) feeding results in endothelial dysfunction in resistance arteries of epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT) and is mediated by adipose tissue inflammation. When compared with normal chow (NC)-fed mice (n = 17), HF-fed male B6D2F1 mice were glucose intolerant and insulin resistant as assessed by glucose tolerance test (area under the curve; HF, 18,174 ± 1,889 vs. NC, 15,814 ± 666 mg·dl(-1)·min(-1); P < 0.05) and the homeostatic model assessment (HF, 64.1 ± 4.3 vs. NC, 85.7 ± 6.4; P = 0.05). HF diet-induced metabolic dysfunction was concomitant with a

COX-2-mediated inflammation in fat is crucial for obesity-linked insulin resistance and fatty liver.

The aim was to examine the role of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-mediated inflammation in the development of obese linked insulin resistance and fatty liver. The rats were fed separately regular diet (CONT), high-fat diet (HFD) ad libitum, or energy restrictedly for 12 weeks. Rats fed HFD ad libitum were further divided into three subgroups co-treated with vehicle (HFa), or a selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (HFa-Cel) or mesulid (HFa-Mes). Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC) experiment was performed at the end of study. Another set of rats with similar grouping was further divided into those w

Lavatera critica controls systemic insulin resistance by ameliorating adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative stress using bioactive compounds identified by GC-MS.

BACKGROUND: Lavatera critica, a leafy green herb, is reported to have many pharmacological activities; but, the improvement of insulin sensitivity against the high gram-fat diet (HGFD)-caused insulin resistance (IR) has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the role of Lavatera critica leaf extract (LCE) in systemic insulin resistance through the alleviation of adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative damage in HGFD fed mice. METHODS: The mice were fed with HGFD for 10 weeks and the diet was supplemented with LCE each day for the next five weeks. Body weight, food intake, le

Leptin-mediated increases in catecholamine signaling reduce adipose tissue inflammation via activation of macrophage HDAC4.

Obesity promotes systemic insulin resistance through inflammatory changes that lead to the release of cytokines from activated macrophages. Although the mechanism is unclear, the second messenger cAMP has been found to attenuate macrophage activity in response to a variety of hormonal signals. We show that, in the setting of acute overnutrition, leptin triggers catecholamine-dependent increases in cAMP signaling that reduce inflammatory gene expression via the activation of the histone deacetylase HDAC4. cAMP stimulates HDAC4 activity through the PKA-dependent inhibition of the salt-inducible

Management of cutaneous T cell lymphoma: new and emerging targets and treatment options.

Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) clinically and biologically represent a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome being the most common subtypes. Over the last decade, new immunological and molecular pathways have been identified that not only influence CTCL phenotype and growth, but also provide targets for therapies and prognostication. This review will focus on recent advances in the development of therapeutic agents, including bortezomib, the histone deacetylase inhibitors (vorinostat and romidepsin), and pralatrexate in CTCL.

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… in 2005. 2 The two most common types of CTCL are mycosis fungoides (50%–72%), which is generally indolent in behavior, and Sézary syndrome (1%–3%), an aggressive leukemic form of the disease ( Table 1 ). 2 – 5 Other types include primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders, subcutaneous panniculitis-like … cell lymphoma Indolent | | Mycosis fungoides | 44 | 88 Follicular mycosis fungoides | 4 | 80 • Pagetoid reticulosis | <1 | 100 • Granulomatous slack skin | <1 | 100 CD30 + lymphoproliferative disorders | | • Anaplastic large cell lymphoma | 8 | 95 • Lymphomatoid papulosis | 12 | 100 Subcutaneous panniculitis-like …

Essential role of CD11a in CD8+ T-cell accumulation and activation in adipose tissue.

OBJECTIVE: T cells, particularly CD8(+) T cells, are major participants in obesity-linked adipose tissue (AT) inflammation. We examined the mechanisms of CD8(+) T-cell accumulation and activation in AT and the role of CD11a, a β2 integrin. APPROACH AND RESULTS: CD8(+) T cells in AT of obese mice showed activated phenotypes with increased proliferation and interferon-γ expression. In vitro, CD8(+) T cells from mouse AT displayed increased interferon-γ expression and proliferation to stimulation with interleukin-12 and interleukin-18, which were increased in obese AT. CD11a was upregulated in C

Selected Abstracts from the 12th Annual Meeting of the Clinical Immunology Society: 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting: Immune Deficiency and Dysregulation North American Conference.

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… She has recently developed recurrent panniculitis and lower extremity lymphedema. … Her predominate clinical features have been recurrent fever and wide-spread panniculitis. …

Posttransplant diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of "lymphomatoid granulomatosis" type.

The exact relationship between lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LyG) and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) is not clear. Both are observed in immunodeficient patients and are Epstein-Barr virus driven. These disorders are, however, considered distinct based upon the immune response elicited; LyG is T-cell rich while PTLDs are T-cell poor. We describe a case of LyG-type diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in a lung transplant recipient. The unusual features include rare occurrence of LyG in a posttransplant setting, systemic involvement by LyG variant of DLBCL in a solid organ

Association of Adipose Tissue Inflammation With Histologic Severity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has increased with the obesity pandemic. We analyzed the transcriptional profiles of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and phenotypes and functional characteristics of adipocyte tissue macrophages (ATMs), in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS: We collected anthropometric data; plasma samples; and SAT, VAT, and liver tissues from 113 obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery at academic hospitals in Europe (Antwerp and Leuven) and South Africa. Based on clinical

Metabolic phenotype and adipose tissue inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Potential links between metabolic derangements and adipose tissue (AT) inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are unexplored. We investigated AT expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, CD68 (macrophage cell surface receptor), caspase-3, and Bax, and their relationships to the metabolic phenotype in nine cachectic, 12 normal-weight, 12 overweight, and 11 obese patients with COPD (age 62.3 ± 7.2 years). With increasing body mass index, increases in AT expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, and CD68 were observed (P < .001; P = .005; P < .001, re

Immunoglobulin production in bronchial mucosa and bronchial lymph nodes, particularly in cystic fibrosis of the pancreas.

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Adiponectin induces A20 expression in adipose tissue to confer metabolic benefit.

Obesity is a major risk factor for metabolic disease, with white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation emerging as a key underlying pathology. We detail that mice lacking Reverbα exhibit enhanced fat storage without the predicted increased WAT inflammation or loss of insulin sensitivity. In contrast to most animal models of obesity and obese human patients, Reverbα(-/-) mice exhibit elevated serum adiponectin levels and increased adiponectin secretion from WAT explants in vitro, highlighting a potential anti-inflammatory role of this adipokine in hypertrophic WAT. Indeed, adiponectin was found to

Липодерматосклероз-подобная клиническая презентация с гистопатологией, подобной PXE, у пациента с недавно диагностированным синдромом сосудистого элерса-Данлоса.

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… PXE-fibers have been reported in patients with inflammatory dermatoses such as granuloma annulare, lichen sclerosis, morphea profunda, lipodermatosclerosis, erythema nodosum, septal panniculitis, fibrosing dermatitis and in association with basal cell carcinoma tissue. 9 Noninflammatory PXE-like conditions …

Interleukin-33 induces protective effects in adipose tissue inflammation during obesity in mice.

RATIONALE: Chronic low-grade inflammation involving adipose tissue likely contributes to the metabolic consequences of obesity. The cytokine interleukin (IL)-33 and its receptor ST2 are expressed in adipose tissue, but their role in adipose tissue inflammation during obesity is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To examine the functional role of IL-33 in adipose tissues and investigate the effects on adipose tissue inflammation and obesity in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS: We demonstrate that treatment of adipose tissue cultures in vitro with IL-33 induced production of Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-13, IL-10) and r

Intravascular NK/T-cell lymphoma: a case report and literature review.

Intravascular lymphoma is characterized by an exclusively intravascular distribution of tumor cells. Intravascular natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (IVNKTL) is extremely rare, highly aggressive, commonly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive, and predominantly affects the skin and central nervous system. Here we report a case of IVNKTL diagnosed in a 67-year-old female, presenting with persistent intermittent fever and skin rashes throughout the body. Incisional biopsy of an erythematous lesion on the chest exhibited aggregation of medium to large-sized atypical lymphoid cells confined to the lumen

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… Cutaneous intravascular NK/T-cell lymphoma mimic panniculitis clinically, case report and literature brief review. Diagn Pathol. 2015;10:107. doi: 10.1186/s13000-015-0330-0. 19. Okonkwo L, Jaffe ES. Intravascular large cell lymphoma of NK/Tcell type, EBV positive. …

Gastric bypass in morbid obese patients is associated with reduction in adipose tissue inflammation via N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA)-mediated pathways.

Paradoxically, morbid obesity was suggested to protect from cardiovascular co-morbidities as compared to overweight/obese patients. We hypothesise that this paradox could be inferred to modulation of the "endocannabinoid" system on systemic and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) inflammation. We designed a translational project including clinical and in vitro studies at Geneva University Hospital. Morbid obese subjects (n=11) were submitted to gastric bypass surgery (GBS) and followed up for one year (post-GBS). Insulin resistance and circulating and SAT levels of endocannabinoids, adipocytokin

Angiotensin receptor-binding protein ATRAP/Agtrap inhibits metabolic dysfunction with visceral obesity.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic disorders with visceral obesity have become a major medical problem associated with the development of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia and, ultimately, life-threatening cardiovascular and renal diseases. Adipose tissue dysfunction has been proposed as the cause of visceral obesity-related metabolic disorders, moving the tissue toward a proinflammatory phenotype. METHODS AND RESULTS: Here we first report that adipose tissues from patients and mice with metabolic disorders exhibit decreased expression of ATRAP/Agtrap, which is a specific binding modulator o

Gab2 deficiency suppresses high-fat diet-induced obesity by reducing adipose tissue inflammation and increasing brown adipose function in mice.

Obesity is caused by a long-term imbalance between energy intake and consumption and is regulated by multiple signals. This study investigated the effect of signaling scaffolding protein Gab2 on obesity and its relevant regulation mechanism. Gab2 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were fed with a standard diet (SD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. The results showed that the a high-fat diet-induced Gab2 expression in adipose tissues, but deletion of Gab2 attenuated weight gain and improved glucose tolerance in mice fed with a high-fat diet. White adipose tissue and systemic inflammation

Guanylin-Guanylyl cyclase-C signaling in macrophages regulates mesenteric fat inflammation induced by high-fat diet.

Guanylin (Gn), a bioactive peptide, and its receptor, guanylyl cyclase-C (GC-C), are primarily present in the intestine and maintain homeostasis in body fluids. Recently, rats whose macrophages overexpress Gn and GC-C were found to be resistant to diet-induced obesity. Considering that obesity is strongly related to a chronic inflammatory state in white adipose tissues, it is possible that Gn-GC-C macrophages contribute to the regulation of inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the inflammatory state of mesenteric fat in rats transgenic for both Gn and GC-C (double-transgenic [dT