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Highlights from the first ecancer-Liga Colombiana contra el Cancer conference, 17-18 November 2016, Bogota, Colombia.

The first oncology conference organised by ecancer and the Liga Colombiana contra el Cancer took place on 17-18 November 2016 in Bogota. It was a highly successful event owing to the number of participants, the quality of the speakers, and the academic programme. Around 48 professors from 8 different countries came and shared their knowledge and experience of cancer management. They also talked about the most recent developments noted or achieved in this area. The keynote speech from Dr Nubia Muñoz was of great interest which was related to the safety of a HPV vaccine and the implications of a

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… They were radiotherapists, clinical oncologists, oncologist nurses, gynaecologists, haematologists, urologists, palliative care professionals, and medical students who welcomed the high quality guest speakers from Spain, France, USA, Chile, Mexico, Peru, Argentina, Cuba and Colombia. … A Chilean colleague, Dr Christian Caglevic, from the Arturo López foundation in Santiago de Chile, reviewed the different therapeutic strategies from a clinical oncologist perspective. …

Multidomain lifestyle intervention for the prevention of cognitive decline in at-risk older adults in Latin America (LatAm-FINGERS): a single-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Latin America faces a high dementia burden, with increased prevalence of factors associated with cognitive decline. Multidomain … re, randomised clinical trial conducted in 11 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay). Individuals aged 60-77 years with high risk of dementia (cardiovascular risk factors, ageing, and dementia risk score ≥6), and suboptimal cognitive performance were rand …

School-based interventions for preventing HIV, sexually transmitted infections, and pregnancy in adolescents.

BACKGROUND: School-based sexual and reproductive health programmes are widely accepted as an approach to reducing high-risk sexual behaviour … in sub-Saharan Africa (Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and Kenya), one in Latin America (Chile), and two in Europe (England and Scotland). Sexual and reproductive health educational programmesSix trials evaluated school-based educational interventions.In these trials, the educational programmes evaluated had no demonstrable effect on the prev …

Hematological malignancies in the Northwest Ethiopia.

BackgroundThe effect of malignant diseases is increasing globally, particularly in developing countries as shown by recent cancer statistics from the world health organization reports. It is anticipated that with an increase in life expectancy consequent upon the improved standard of living and increasing urbanization, the burden of hematological malignancies in sub-Saharan Africa particularly in Ethiopia is likely to increase recently. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the incidence and trend of hematological malignancy in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based retrospective st

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… Similarly, it is lower than a study conducted in the USA, Canada, Chile, Morocco, South Africa, East Africa, Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, and Gondar showed that the prevalence of Leukemia among HM patients was 33.33%, 27%, 19.6%, 22.2%, 47.4%, 50.1%, 44.3%, and 30.2% respectively[ 16 – 18 , 21 – 24 , 26 ]. … Baeza Pérez G, e.a., Frequency of hematologic malignancies in the population of Arica, Chile. Oncology letters, 2019. 18(5): p. 5637–43. doi: 10.3892/ol.2019.10858 21. Schonfeld SJ, Erdmann F., Wiggill T, Singh E, Kellett P, Babb C, et al. …

[Weight Recurrence After Bariatric Surgery: Definitions, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies. Part 1].

UNLABELLED: Weight Recurrence (WR) after bariatric surgery is a common long-term complication, undermining the effectiveness of the procedure and the resolution of comorbidities associated with obesity. The prevalence of WR varies widely, depending on the definition used and follow-up duration. AIM: To analyze the current definitions, contributing factors, and management strategies for WR, emphasizing the importance of early detection and comprehensive follow-up. METHODS: A narrative review of published literature on WR after bariatric surgery was conducted, focusing on epidemiology, pathoph

[Weight Recurrence After Bariatric Surgery: Definitions, Diagnosis, and Management Strategies. Part 2].

UNLABELLED: Weight recurrence (WR) represents the main long-term complication of bariatric surgery (BC) and the main cause of revisional surgery. The literature has been emphatic on the relevance of a preventive approach and multidisciplinary management to optimize long-term outcomes of BC. AIM: To characterize the efficacy and safety of strategies for the management of WR in BC, analyzing outcomes in terms of weight loss and complication rates. METHODS: A review of the published literature on WR after bariatric surgery was conducted, focusing on medical and surgical management alternatives

[Ethical Issues in Early Serological Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease].

UNLABELLED: The ethical conflicts involved in the medical indication of early serological diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease, for clinical contexts where a medical indication is required to perform the intervention, have been scarcely analyzed. HYPOTHESIS: The prescription of early serological diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease violates more principles than it supports. AIM: To carry out an analysis regarding the ethical conflicts associated with the indication of early serological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and to offer a clinical practice recommendation based on said analysis. METHODS:

[Minimally Invasive Transthoracic Esophagectomy with a Standardized Technique: 10 Years of Experience].

UNLABELLED: Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been shown to reduce postoperative morbidity. In our previously published initial experience, overall morbidity was 78%, severe morbidity 21%, and mortality 0%. AIM: To describe the postoperative morbidity and mortality using our video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) MIE technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study based on a prospective database. Patients who had a VATS EMI in the semi-prone position for esophageal cancer between 2013 and 2023 were included. We used the definitions proposed by the Esopha

Differential Diagnosis of ACTH-Dependent Hypercortisolism: Case Report and Literature Review.

Cushing's disease (CD) is an endocrine condition characterized by an excessive production of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by the anterior pituitary, which determines an increase in the production of cortisol in the adrenal glands and secondary clinical manifestations. The differential diagnosis includes a corticotropic pituitary tumor or ACTH-producing ectopic neuroendocrine syndrome (EAS). In addition, non tumoral hypercortisolism (NtH) should be taken into account, which may be clinically indistinguishable from CD. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium is the imagi

Impact and Future Outlook of Artificial Intelligence in Universities and Medical Education.

Given the substantial influence of emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies on contemporary educational methodologies, a narrative literature review was performed. In higher education (HE), AI has influenced teaching methods, research, innovation, and administration. Examples include tutorial systems, adaptive learning environments, assessment tools, and systems for identifying educational gaps, among others. The implementation of AI across diverse educational contexts has demonstrated substantial effects on a wide range of activities involving students, faculty, researchers, profess

The Effect of ABO Blood Groups and Rhesus Factor on Cardiac Surgery Performed with Cardiopulmonary Bypass.

UNLABELLED: In cardiac surgery operations with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), patients are connected to a heart-lung machine and the patient's blood comes into contact with nonphysiological extracorporeal circulation equipment. AIMS: In this retrospective study, we investigated the effect of the interaction of ABO and Rh blood groups with extracorporeal circulatory equipment on transfusion requirements and peroperative outcomes in patients undergoing CPB-guided cardiac surgery. METHODS: The study data were obtained retrospectively. Demographic and descriptive data of the patients were recorde

[Update on the Initial Management of Open Fractures for General Practitioners and Specialists: A Scoping Review of the Literature].

UNLABELLED: Open fractures represent a significant public health burden due to the high risk of infection, sequelae, and mortality. Initial management is crucial to prevent or reduce these complications. AIM: Describe the current options for initial management of open fractures in the emergency department by general practitioners and specialists. METHODS: A scoping review of open fracture management was conducted between October and November 2024, using MESH terms in PubMed and SCIELO in English and Spanish. Articles from the last 5 years (2019-2024) were included that address the pillars of

[National Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Urticaria (2025). Part I: Definition, classification, and diagnosis].

Urticaria is a condition characterized by the presence of pruritic wheals and/or angioedema, and is classified according to its duration as … or CU based on the experience of expert dermatologist and immunologists belonging to the respective Chilean scientific societies, in relation to the available guidelines and evidence.

Hydralazine-Induced ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: Case Report with Severe Kidney Involvement.

ANCA-associated vasculitis is a serious and fatal condition that frequently presents with severe kidney involvement. Drugs that can induce ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis include antithyroid agents, cocaine/levamisole, minocycline, and hydralazine. Recognizing drugs associated with systemic vasculitis is extremely important for clinicians, as they can prescribe them with caution. Furthermore, it is essential to suspect and diagnose this complication when it appears, as it is a serious but preventable condition. ANCA-associated vasculitis induced by drugs tends to present with systemic, kid

Monoclonal Gammopathies, Beyond Multiple Myeloma. A Narrative Review.

UNLABELLED: Monoclonal gammopathies (MG) comprise a spectrum of entities that share a common feature: The pathological production of a monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig). The paradigmatic disorder within this group is multiple myeloma (MM). A knowledge gap persists regarding the differential diagnosis of the remaining conditions that present with MG. AIM: To characterize the spectrum of diseases associated with MG, emphasizing their pathophysiological and clinical features. METHODS: A database search was performed. An inductive approach was applied for the critical analysis of the scientific lit

[Anaplastic Pancreatic Cancer Simulating Invasive Gastric GIST: Report of a Case with Exceptional Survival].

Pancreatic anaplastic carcinoma (PAC) is a rare entity (2-7% of pancreatic carcinomas), with a mean survival of 5.7 months. We present the case of a 44-year-old patient who consulted for upper gastroin-testinal bleeding and was admitted hemodynamically unstable. CT showed a large mass in the gastric fundus with infiltration to the pancreas, suggestive of GIST. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy identified a submucosal ulcerated lesion that was intractable by this means. An emergency surgical resection was performed, and the histology confirmed a PAC. The patient evolved favorably, without recurrence a

Amending AI Software Accuracy for Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using Conditional Probability and the Appropriate Reference Standard.

AIM: To evaluate and correct the reported sensitivity and specificity values of DART (Diagnóstico Automatizado de Retinografías Telemáticas), an automated Artificial Intelligence based (AI-based) screening tool used for diabetic retinopathy (DR) detection in the Chilean public healthcare system, by employing the appropriate gold standard and conditional probability. METHODS: Data were obtained from the clinical validation of DART. DR detection capabilities were assessed for three methods 1) Fundoscopy, 2) Retinography and 3) AI- DART. To estimate the true sensitivity and specificity of DART, …

[Hepatic Epitheloid Hemangioendothelioma with Pulmonary Metastasis at Onset and Slow Progression. A Case Report with Active Surveillance].

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is an extremely rare vascular sarcoma, with an estimated incidence of 0.32 to 0.38 cases per million person-years. We present the case of an 18-year-old woman with slowly progressive metastatic EHE. The patient experienced persistent abdominal pain and sought emergency care on multiple occasions without receiving a final diagnosis. Three years later, imaging studies revealed multiple hepatic lesions, and a biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of EHE. Although therapeutic options such as surgical resection and chemotherapy were considered, an active surveillance