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T-Type Calcium Channels: A Mixed Blessing.

The role of T-type calcium channels is well established in excitable cells, where they preside over action potential generation, automaticity, and firing. They also contribute to intracellular calcium signaling, cell cycle progression, and cell fate; and, in this sense, they emerge as key regulators also in non-excitable cells. In particular, their expression may be considered a prognostic factor in cancer. Almost all cancer cells express T-type calcium channels to the point that it has been considered a pharmacological target; but, as the drugs used to reduce their expression are not complete

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… Taxanes (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel, and cabazitaxel), are used for the treatment of ovarian, breast, non-small cell lung cancer and prostate cancer [ 55 ]. Similar to epothilones, they bind to the β-tubulin subunit, stabilizing the microtubule structure and preventing depolymerization. …

Advances in delivery methods of Arthrospira platensis (spirulina) for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis) aqueous extract has massive amounts of natural products that can be used as future drugs, such as C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, etc. This extract was chosen because of its high adaptability, which reflects its resolute genetic composition. The proactive roles of cyanobacteria, particularly in the medical field, have been discussed in this review, including the history, previous food and drug administration (FDA) reports, health benefits and the various dose-dependent therapeutic functions that A. platensis possesses, including its role in fighting against

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… [ 164 ], their work on chemotherapeutic docetaxel presented that transferrin (Tf)-targeted liposomes were an effective delivery system that has been utilized against breast, colon, ovarian, head, neck and non-small-cell lung cancer for their treatment. …

Bone Marrow Adipocytes, Adipocytokines, and Breast Cancer Cells: Novel Implications in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer.

Accumulating discoveries highlight the importance of interaction between marrow stromal cells and cancer cells for bone metastasis. Bone is the most common metastatic site of breast cancer and bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are the most abundant component of the bone marrow microenvironment. BMAs are unique in their origin and location, and recently they are found to serve as an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. It is reasonable to speculate that BMAs contribute to the modification of bone metastatic microenvironment and affecting metastatic br

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… Prostate tumor cell-derived IL1β induces an inflammatory phenotype in bone marrow adipocytes and reduces sensitivity to docetaxel via lipolysis-dependent mechanisms . Mol Cancer Res. ( 2019 ) 17 : 2508 – 21 . 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-19-0540 31562254 PMC6891205 23. …

The Hedgehog-GLI pathway in embryonic development and cancer: implications for pulmonary oncology therapy.

Transcriptional regulation and epigenetic mechanisms closely control gene expression through diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes. These include the development of germ layers and post-natal epithelial cell-tissue differentiation, as well as, involved with the induction, promotion and/or progression of human malignancies. Diverse studies have shed light on the molecular similarities and differences involved in the stages of embryological epithelial development and dedifferentiation processes in malignant tumors of epithelial origin, of which many focus on lung carcinomas. In

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… /science.280.5369.1603 78 Zhao Y Tong C Jiang J Hedgehog regulates smoothened activity by inducing a conformational switch Nature 2007 450 252 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06225 17960137 10.1038/nature06225 79 Mimeault M Johansson SL Henichart JP Depreux P Batra SK Cytotoxic Effects Induced by Docetaxel …

Targeting translation initiation in breast cancer.

Over the past 20 years, a better understanding of cancer biology, screening for early detection, improved adjuvant treatment, and targeted therapies have decreased the rate of breast cancer deaths. However, resistance to treatment is common, and new approaches are needed. Deregulation of translation initiation is associated with the commencement and progression of cancer. Often, translation initiation factors are overexpressed and the related signaling pathways activated in human tumors. Recently, a significant number of inhibitors that target translation factors and pathways have become avail

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… Safety and Tolerability Study of ISIS EIF4E Rx in Combination With Docetaxel and Prednisone (CRPC). In: ClinicalTrials.gov [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). 2010- [cited 2014 March 27]. …

The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS) as a Cancer Drug Target: Emerging Mechanisms and Therapeutics

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… withdrawn before participants were enrolled) | Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01415765 Zhao et al. ( 2014 ) Acute Myeloid Leukemia | Phase Ib | Alone With azacitidine | To be determined | Not reported | Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01814826 Zhao et al. ( 2014 ) Solid tumors | Phase Ib | With docetaxel …

NF-κB in biology and targeted therapy: new insights and translational implications.

NF-κB signaling has been discovered for nearly 40 years. Initially, NF-κB signaling was identified as a pivotal pathway in mediating inflammatory responses. However, with extensive and in-depth investigations, researchers have discovered that its role can be expanded to a variety of signaling mechanisms, biological processes, human diseases, and treatment options. In this review, we first scrutinize the research process of NF-κB signaling, and summarize the composition, activation, and regulatory mechanism of NF-κB signaling. We investigate the interaction of NF-κB signaling with other importa

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… It has been found in a study that enrichment of Mycobacterium avium upregulated intratumoral LPS, which subsequently promoted prostate cancer progression and docetaxel resistance through activation of the NF-κB-IL6-STAT3 signaling axis. 295 Tamoxifen is a commonly used endocrine medication for breast …

Skin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches.

Skin cancer is a global threat to the healthcare system and is estimated to incline tremendously in the next 20 years, if not diagnosed at an early stage. Even though it is curable at an early stage, novel drug identification, clinical success, and drug resistance is another major challenge. To bridge the gap and bring effective treatment, it is important to understand the etiology of skin carcinoma, the mechanism of cell proliferation, factors affecting cell growth, and the mechanism of drug resistance. The current article focusses on understanding the structural diversity of skin cancers, tr

UMIB Summit 2015

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… In the Cleopatra study, Pertuzumab in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel was significantly superior to docetaxel and trastuzumab alone. The advantage of including Pertuzumab in the therapeutic strategy increased in about 15 months the median overall survival for metastatic BC patients. … Another example is prostate cancer, exosomal transfer of multi drug resistance proteins as MDR-1/P-gp involved in docetaxel resistance. These findings strongly suggest that exosomes releasing and drug resistance are connected in several tumors. …

Cancer in Pregnancy: Therapeutic Decisions at the Intersection of Two Lives.

Background: Cancer during pregnancy is a rare but increasingly encountered condition due to delayed childbearing and improved survival of women with cancer. The coexistence of malignancy and pregnancy poses complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, requiring careful balance between maternal prognosis and fetal safety. Objective: This review aims to summarize current evidence on the diagnosis and multidisciplinary management of cancer during pregnancy, focusing on the safe use of oncologic therapies, obstetric decision-making, and maternal and fetal outcomes. Methods: A narrative review wa

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… Taxanes With respect to taxanes, particularly paclitaxel and docetaxel, the literature indicates low placental transfer and low toxicity, with no significant increase in congenital anomalies or developmental delays, supporting their safety when used during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy …

Chimeric antigen receptor-based cell therapy for treating urological tumors.

Urological tumors represent a significant global health challenge, with conventional therapies often proving insufficient to control disease progression. Recent breakthroughs in cellular immunotherapy, particularly in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell, CAR-natural killer cell, and CAR-macrophage therapies, have demonstrated remarkable potential for treating these malignancies. Ongoing research is actively refining CAR-based strategies to enhance their precision in targeting tumor-associated antigens. This review comprehensively summarizes the applications of CAR cell therapy in the follow

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… Limited persistence with no observed responses ( NCT01140373 ) • More effective, feasible, and safe with the coexpression of TGFβRDN, ( NCT03089203 ) • Assesses the safety, tolerability, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy of TmPSMA-02 CAR-T cells ( NCT06046040 ) • Enhanced efficacy with low-dose docetaxel …

Prevalence of symptomatic toxicities for novel therapies in adult oncology trials: a scoping review.

BackgroundPatients' self-report of their symptoms can provide important data for the evaluation of treatment benefit and tolerability of oncology drugs. Contemporary treatment approaches, including immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapies, have unique toxicities based on their novel mechanisms of action. This scoping review aimed to summarize evidence from existing reviews and clinical practice guidelines to examine the type and prevalence of toxicities including symptomatic adverse events (sympAEs) for adult cancer patients to inform clinical care and therapeutic trials.MethodsA systema

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… Belgioia (2019) | Review of trials data 13 phase 2 trials 1 phase 3 randomized trial | Solid tumor (NSCLC, esophageal SCC, SCCHN, LA-HNSCC, brain metastases, renal, HCC | TK inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib) Combination therapy (gefitinib + RT, erlotinib + RT, erlotinib + cisplatin + RT, erlotinib + docetaxel …

Risk Factors for Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw-A Binomial Analysis of Data of Cancer Patients from Craiova and Constanta Treated with Zoledronic Acid.

MRONJ (Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw) is a condition observed in a subset of cancer patients who have undergone treatment with zoledronic acid in order to either prevent or treat bone metastases. The primary aim of this research was to establish the importance of risk factors in the development of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in cancer patients receiving zoledronic acid therapy for bone metastases. The present study is an observational retrospective investigation conducted at two university centers, namely, Craiova and Constanța, and included cancer patients treate

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… Chemotherapy Medication Therapy | Medication CHEMOTHERAPY | DOCETAXEL PEMETREXED (ALIMTA) PACLITAXEL NAVELBIN CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE CARBOPLATIN ETOPOSID MELPHALAN (ALKERAN) GEMCITABINE (GEMZAR) DOXORUBICIN COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY | EC (EPIRUBICIN, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE) PACLITAXEL + NAVELBINE DOXORUBICIN + …

Internalized Functional DNA Aptamers as Alternative Cancer Therapies.

Despite major advances, cancer remains one of the largest burdens of disease worldwide. One reason behind this is that killing tumor cells without affecting healthy surrounding tissue remains a largely elusive prospect, despite the widespread availability of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. To meet these modern healthcare requirements, it is essential to develop precision therapeutics that minimise off-target side-effects for various cancer types. To this end, highly specific molecular targeting agents against cancer are of great interest. These agents may work by targeting intracellular sig

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… Similarly, the aptamers S2.2 and AS1411 (targeted against cell surface MUC1 and nucleolin proteins, respectively) were dually conjugated to thermosensitive liposome nanostructures, encapsulating ammonium bicarbonate, and docetaxel, coated in gold nanoshells. …

Repurposing drugs in oncology (ReDO)-selective PDE5 inhibitors as anti-cancer agents.

Selective phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors, including sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, are widely-used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. They are also well-known as examples of successful drug repurposing in that they were initially developed for angina and only later developed for erectile dysfunction. However, these drugs may also be effective cancer treatments. A range of evidentiary sources are assessed in this paper and the case made that there is pre-clinical and clinical evidence that these drugs may offer clinical benefit in a range of can

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… In a series of experiments using wild-type and ABC-transporter knock-out they showed that sildenafil (50 mg/kg) did not increase brain accumulation of topotecan or docetaxel. …

Marketed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, antihypertensives, and human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors: as-yet-unused weapons of the oncologists' arsenal.

Experimental data indicate that several pharmacological agents that have long been used for the management of various diseases unrelated to cancer exhibit profound in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity. This is of major clinical importance, since it would possibly aid in reassessing the therapeutic use of currently used agents for which clinicians already have experience. Further, this would obviate the time-consuming process required for the development and the approval of novel antineoplastic drugs. Herein, both pre-clinical and clinical data concerning the antineoplastic function of dist

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… vitro and in vivo in conjunction with blockade of androgen receptor STAT3 and AKT signaling Cancer Sci 2005 96 7 425 433 16053514 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00063.x PMC11158579 141 Yang Y Ikezoe T Nishioka C NFV, an HIV-1 protease inhibitor, induces growth arrest, reduced Akt signalling, apoptosis and docetaxel …

Understanding DMG: current treatment options and prospective solutions using nanoparticles.

Diffuse Midline Gliomas (DMGs), which include the subset formerly known as Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG), are associated with an extremely poor prognosis and a five-year survival rate below 2-3%. The devastating prognosis stems from an inherently invasive nature, a deep, anatomically restricted location, rapid cellular drug efflux mediated by transporters such as P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2), and an immunologically "cold" microenvironment. Coupled with limited Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) permeability, these biological factors render conventio

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: An Evidence-Based 2025 Position Statement from a Korean Multidisciplinary Task Force.

With a rapidly aging population and increasing use of antiresorptive agents, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) represents a growing clinical challenge worldwide. To address the need for tailored clinical guidance, a multidisciplinary task force was convened. Five Korean academic societies-the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research, the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, the Korean Society of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, the Korean Osteoporosis Society, and the Korean Endocrine Society-collaborated to develop this position statem

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… Other medications associated with MRONJ In addition to osteoporosis treatments, MRONJ can also be caused by steroids, immunomodulators, and anticancer drugs; lenalidomide, pomalidomide, sunitinib, imatinib, cabozantinib, sorafenib, bevacizumab, everolimus, temsirolimus, palbociclib, nivolumab, docetaxel …

Combating Methotrexate Resistance in Cancer Treatment: A Review on Navigating Pathways and Enhancing Its Efficacy With Fat-Soluble Vitamins.

Methotrexate (MTX), a potent analogue and antagonist of folic acid, is a first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, IBD and cancer. The development of MTX resistance contributes to the reduced efficacy and development of adverse reactions, forcing clinicians to withdraw treatment early. This drawback requires combinational approaches to combat the resistance and enhance the efficacy and safety of MTX. To provide a brief overview of MTX resistance and strategies to mitigate its aftereffects in cancer therapy, a literature-based search was conducted using keywords such as cancer pathology, M

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… Zhu et al. suggest codelivering Docetaxel and Vitamin E TPGS using PLGA nanoparticles. …

Immunodiagnosis - the promise of personalized immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy showed remarkable efficacy in several cancer types. However, the majority of patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. Evaluating tumor heterogeneity and immune status before treatment is key to identifying patients that are more likely to respond to immunotherapy. Demographic characteristics (such as sex, age, and race), immune status, and specific biomarkers all contribute to response to immunotherapy. A comprehensive immunodiagnostic model integrating all these three dimensions by artificial intelligence would provide valuable information for predicting treatment response. H

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… Atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (OAK): a phase 3, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial . …