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OCT-Based Retina Assessment Reflects Visual Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis.

PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between visual performance and retinal morphology as assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the ability of OCT to reflect visual impairment in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) compared with healthy controls (HC). METHODS: We gathered data from two neurology referral centers on PwMS and HC. Neurological and ophthalmological assessments, including OCT, high-contrast visual acuity (HCVA) and low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA), area under the log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF), and vision-related quality of life (National Eye Institute

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Indeed, the visual decline in MS is due to mechanisms affecting the afferent pathways of the visual system at various levels, not just the optic nerve, and also the efferent pathways of the visual system. 2 Retrograde trans-synaptic degeneration is a process in which the degeneration of postsynaptic …

Pathogenic Role of FGFR3 Autoantibodies in Small Fiber Neuropathy.

Sensory neuronopathies (SNN) and small fiber neuropathies (SFN) are debilitating disorders associated with neuropathic pain, yet their underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Autoantibodies against fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 define a subset of patients with consistent reports of neuropathic pain harboring a distinct clinical phenotype characterized by small-fiber and non-length-dependent neuropathy, suggesting dorsal root ganglia (DRG) dysfunction. FGFR3-autoantibody-positive sera (FGFR3-AbS) bind to sensory neurons within dorsal root ganglia (DRG). The target of autoantibodie

T-Type Calcium Channels: A Mixed Blessing.

The role of T-type calcium channels is well established in excitable cells, where they preside over action potential generation, automaticity, and firing. They also contribute to intracellular calcium signaling, cell cycle progression, and cell fate; and, in this sense, they emerge as key regulators also in non-excitable cells. In particular, their expression may be considered a prognostic factor in cancer. Almost all cancer cells express T-type calcium channels to the point that it has been considered a pharmacological target; but, as the drugs used to reduce their expression are not complete

Оценка и лечение мужской сексуальной дисфункции в болезни Паркинсона: клиническая дорожная карта.

Болезнь Паркинсона (PD) является прогрессивным нейродегенеративным заболеванием с множественными проявлениями, включая как моторные, так и немоторные симптомы. Одним из проявлений PD, который часто игнорируется, является сексуальная дисфункция (SD), которую могут испытывать пациенты. У лиц с ОВП могут быть дефекты сексуального желания, возбуждения или смазки, оргазма, эякуляции, боли и физических аспектов близости. Цель этой статьи состоит в том, чтобы дать общее представление о нынешней практике оценки и лечения сексуальной дисфункции у мужчин в контексте ПР. Следует отметить, что в этой стат

Implications of Systemic Inflammation and Periodontitis for Major Depression.

Increasing evidence suggests that infection and persistent low-grade inflammation in peripheral tissues are important pathogenic factors in major depression. Major depression is frequently comorbid with systemic inflammatory diseases/conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, allergies of different types, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic liver disease, diabetes, and cancer, in which pro-inflammatory cytokines are overexpressed. A number of animal studies demonstrate that systemic inflammation induced by peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharid

Kidney Disease and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for patients with hematologic malignancies and certain solid tumors and nonmalignant hematologic conditions. Both AKI and CKD occur commonly after HSCT and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. AKI and CKD in this setting may result from direct effects of the transplant or be caused by pretransplant bone marrow conditioning regimens and/or nephrotoxic agents administered in the post-transplant period. In this article, we review the epidemiology, risk factors, etiologies, pathophysiology, diagnos

Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide: 30 Years in Research Spotlight and 600 Million Years in Service.

Emerging from the depths of evolution, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptors (i.e., PAC1, VPAC1, VPAC2) are present in multicellular organisms from Tunicates to humans and govern a remarkable number of physiological processes. Consequently, the clinical relevance of PACAP systems spans a multifaceted palette that includes more than 40 disorders. We aimed to present the versatility of PACAP1-38 actions with a focus on three aspects: (1) when PACAP1-38 could be a cause of a malfunction, (2) when PACAP1-38 could be the cure for a malfunction, and (3) when PA

Animal Models of Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal B-cell disorder characterized by the proliferation of malignant plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow, the presence of monoclonal serum immunoglobulin, and osteolytic lesions. It is the second most common hematological malignancy and considered an incurable disease despite significant treatment improvements. MM bone disease (MMBD) is defined as the presence of one or more osteolytic bone lesions or diffused osteoporosis with compression fracture attributable to the underlying clonal PC disorder. MMBD causes severe morbidity and increases mortality. Cumulative

The habenula as a novel link between the homeostatic and hedonic pathways in cancer-associated weight loss: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the brain mechanisms underlying cancer-associated weight loss (C-WL) in humans despite this condition negatively affecting their quality of life and survival. We tested the hypothesis that patients with C-WL have abnormal connectivity in homeostatic and hedonic brain pathways together with altered brain activity during food reward. METHODS: In 12 patients with cancer and 12 healthy controls, resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC, resting brain activity observed through changes in blood flow in the brain which creates a blood oxygen level-dependent signa

Выявление маркеров оптической согласованности для многоразового диагностирования склероза и управления

Множественный склероз (MS) является распространенным неврологическим заболеванием, которое прямо или косвенно влияет на зрительный нерв в результате транссинаптического аксонаального дегенерации вдоль визуального пути. Новые офтальмологические инструменты, которые, возможно, являются наиболее важными в томографии оптической согласованности (OCT), могут сыграть важнейшую роль в пересмотре диагнозов MS и формировании их последующих протоколов, даже если в ней не участвует оптический нерв. МЕТОДЫ: Было проведено перспективное клиническое исследование. Всего, 158 Глаза пациентов, у которых ранее б

Выявление биомаркеров для ремилеляции и восстановления при многоразовом склерозе: показатель прогресса.

Фон: Множественная патология склероза (MS) характеризуется острым и хроническим воспалением, обезвоживанием, аксоновой травмой и нейродегенерацией. После десятилетий исследований по проблеме дегенерации, связанной с НР, недавние усилия сместились в направлении восстановления и предотвращения дальнейшего ущерба. Одним из ключевых направлений деятельности является процесс ремиэлизации, в рамках которого исследователи изучают воздействие фармакотерапии на механизмы ремонта миелина. Множественные соединения испытываются на предмет их способности содействовать воссоединению в различных клинических

The Role of Purported Mucoprotectants in Dealing with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Functional Diarrhea, and Other Chronic Diarrheal Disorders in Adults.

Chronic diarrhea is a frequent presenting symptom, both in primary care medicine and in specialized gastroenterology units. It is estimated that more than 5% of the global population suffers from chronic diarrhea. and that about 40% of these subjects are older than 60 years. The clinician is frequently faced with the need to decide which is the best therapeutic approach for these patients. While the origin of chronic diarrhea is diverse, impairment of intestinal barrier function, dysbiosis. and mucosal micro-inflammation are being increasingly recognized as underlying phenomena characterizing

Презентация и результаты оптического неврита: опыт одного центра из Северной Саудовской Аравии.

Цель этого исследования заключалась в анализе демографических характеристик, клинического представления и результатов лечения пациентов с оптическим неуритом (ОН) в больнице им. короля Халида, Хейла, Саудовская Аравия. Было проведено ретроспективное когортное исследование, в ходе которого были рассмотрены медицинские записи 40 пациенты, диагностированные в период с января 2021 и декабрь 2024. Собранные данные включали демографические данные, клинические представления, неврологические выводы, результаты съемки и результаты лечения. По данным исследования, в основном женщины (n = 32, 80%), гражд

Последние достижения в лечении и профилактике периферической нейропатии после многократного лечения миеломы.

Заболеваемость множественной миеломой (ММ) из года в год увеличивается, и для контроля за состоянием требуется химиотерапия. С появлением новых протеиновых ингибиторов, иммуномодуляторов и моноклональных антител, прогнозы пациентов значительно улучшились. Однако периферическая нейропатия, вызванная лекарственными препаратами, ограничивает дозу и продолжительность лечения, что серьезно сказывается на качестве жизни пациентов и результатах лечения. Несмотря на то, что нейропатии, вызванные химиотерапией, привлекли к себе большое внимание, их механизм и эффективные профилактические и лечебные мер

Construction of a Novel Necroptosis-Related Signature in Rat DRG for Neuropathic Pain.

BackgroundRecent studies have shown necroptosis may play a role in the development of inflammation-associated pain. However, research on the correlation between necroptosis-related genes and neuropathic pain in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is limited. This study aims to identify a gene signature related to necroptosis in DRG that can predict neuropathic pain.MethodsThe mRNA expression profiles associated with neuropathic pain (GSE24982 and GSE30691) were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso) and Support Vector Mac

Expert opinion on screening, diagnosis and management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a multidisciplinary approach.

The proposed expert opinion aimed to address the current knowledge on conceptual, clinical, and therapeutic aspects of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and to provide a guidance document to assist clinicians for the best practice in DPN care. The participating experts consider the suspicion of the disease by clinicians as a key factor in early recognition and diagnosis, emphasizing an improved awareness of the disease by the first-admission or referring physicians. The proposed "screening and diagnostic" algorithm involves the consideration of DPN in a patient with prediabetes or diabetes

Multi-omics Analysis Reveals the Correlation of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites With Thalidomide Treatment for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, and chemotherapy frequently causes nausea and vomiting, which can impair treatment tolerance. Because thalidomide (THD) has shown potential clinical benefit in alleviating nausea and anorexia, we investigated whether its effects might be associated with changes in gut microbial composition and metabolite profiles. Fecal samples were collected from patients with SCLC and categorized into THD-treated and control groups. Metagenomic sequencing and nontargeted metabolomic profiling were performed to characterize microbial composition

Применение периферального магнитного стимула в процессе реабилитации: обзор.

Перпериферийная магнитная стимуляция все чаще используется для лечения дисфункций, связанных с различными расстройствами. Однако в настоящее время отсутствует консенсус в отношении его эффективности применительно к конкретным группам населения, болезням, условиям вмешательства, продолжительности лечения или результатам. Цель этого аналитического обзора заключалась в выявлении, обобщении и составлении карт соответствующей литературы по периферической магнитной стимуляции с уточнением ее применения в разбивке по типам заболеваний, участку лечения, функциональным дефектам, результатам и условиям

Acupuncture for Bortezomib-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Not Just for Pain.

BackgroundBortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) is a common and debilitating side effect. Our pilot study demonstrated that acupuncture is safe and can decrease total neuropathic symptoms. However, there is lack of knowledge in which individual BIPN symptoms benefited from acupuncture.PurposeTo characterize individual symptoms reduced by acupuncture in patients with BIPN.MethodsPatients with multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib who developed BIPN grade 2 or above, based on National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE), were enrolled and rece

Should oncologists trust cannabinoids?

Cannabis enjoyed a "golden age" as a medicinal product in the late 19th, early 20th century, but the increased risk of overdose and abuse led to its criminalization. However, the 21st century have witnessed a resurgence of interest and a large body of literature regarding the benefits of cannabinoids have emerged. As legalization and decriminalization have spread around the world, cancer patients are increasingly interested in the potential utility of cannabinoids. Although eager to discuss cannabis use with their oncologist, patients often find them to be reluctant, mainly because clinicians