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5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Profiles of cfDNA in Urine as Diagnostic, Differential Diagnosis and Prognostic Markers for Multiple Myeloma.

BackgroundAn effective urine-based method for the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) has not yet been developed. Urine cell-free DNA (cfDNA) carrying cancer-specific genetic and epigenetic aberrations may enable a noninvasive "liquid biopsy" for diagnosis and monitoring of cancer.MethodsWe first identified MM-specific hydroxymethylcytosine signatures by comparing 64 MM patients, 23 amyloidosis (AM) patients and 59 healthy cohort. Then, we applied a machine learning algorithm to develop diagnostic and differential diagnosis model. Finally, the prognosis of

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… Next, the purified DNA was then incubated with DBCO‐PEG4‐Biotin for 2 h at 37°C and ligated for a second purification. The biotinylated DNA fragments were then enriched by binding streptavidin beads (Life Technologies). …

Discovery of VEGFR2 inhibitors by integrating naïve Bayesian classification, molecular docking and drug screening approaches.

The high morbidity and mortality of cancer make it one of the leading causes of global death, thus it is an urgent need to develop effective drugs for cancer therapy. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) acts as a central modulator of angiogenesis, and is therefore an important pharmaceutical target for developing anti-angiogenic agents. In this study, ligand-based naïve Bayesian (NB) models and structure-based molecular docking were combined to develop a virtual screening (VS) pipeline for identifying potential VEGFR2 inhibitors from FDA-approved drugs. The best validated na

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… VEGFR2 kinase assay The VEGFR2 inhibitory assay was conducted with the HTRF KinEASE-TK assay as described previously. 33 In detail, 2 μL VEGFR2 kinase (final conc. of 0.1 ng μL −1 ), 2 μL TK substrate-biotin (final conc. of 0.1 μM L −1 ), and 4 μL compounds were added to each well of the 96 well low-volume …

Advances in the delivery of anticancer drugs by nanoparticles and chitosan-based nanoparticles.

Cancer is the leading cause of death globally, and conventional treatments have limited efficacy with severe side effects. The use of nanotechnology has the potential to reduce the side effects of drugs by creating efficient and controlled anticancer drug delivery systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) used as drug carriers offer several advantages, including enhanced drug protection, biodistribution, selectivity and, pharmacokinetics. Therefore, this review is devoted to various organic (lipid, polymeric) as well as inorganic nanoparticles based on different building units and providing a wide range of

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… We can further decorate NPs with biotin, also known as vitamin B7. It is a growth promoter that maintains the rapid proliferation of cancer cells, and therefore its biotin receptor is often highly expressed in many cancer cells compared to normal cells. … , enhanced apoptosis, and significantly elevated uptake by the cancer cells as compared with the non-targeted preparation further investigation needs to be carried out in vitro/in vivo breast cancer ( Sheikh et al., 2023 ) Polymeric micelles paclitaxel PTX/mPEG-CS-Bio-Hz-Q (paclitaxel-loaded, mPEG, biotin …

The role of mesenchymal stem cells in attenuating inflammatory bowel disease through ubiquitination.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition of the digestive tract and one of the autoimmune diseases, is becoming a disease of significant global public health concern and substantial clinical burden. Various signaling pathways have been documented to modulate IBD, but the exact activation and regulatory mechanisms have not been fully clarified; thus, a need for constant exploration of the molecules and pathways that play key roles in the development of IBD. In recent years, several protein post-translational modification pathways, such as ubiquitination, phosphorylation, methylation, acety

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… Deng et al. developed a technique that can sustainably release MSC-Exs for regenerative purposes using an in situ synthetic biotin-modified MSC-Ex (Bio-Ex) self-assembled biotinylation ( 144 ). … Biotin-avidin system-based delivery enhances the therapeutic performance of MSC-derived exosomes. ACS Nano. (2023) 17:8530–50. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c00839 145. Chen L, Cao SQ, Lin ZM, He SJ, Zuo JP. NOD-like receptors in autoimmune diseases. …

Minocycline ameliorates CNS autoimmunity through restraint of CD4+CD11bc+ cells.

Minocycline is a tetracycline antibiotic with profound anti-inflammatory activity directed primarily against microglial cells and macrophages. Activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is considered as an important target of minocycline. This drug has been considered a promising therapeutic for multiple sclerosis, an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Still, its effect on CNS autoimmunity is not entirely understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the potency of short-term minocycline administration in fully developed CNS inflammation. To t

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… FJK-16 s, Thermo Fisher Scientific), APC-conjugated anti-CD4 (mouse monoclonal OX35, Thermo Fisher Scientific), PECy7-conjugated anti-CD11bc (mouse monoclonal OX42, Biolegend), PECy7-conjugated anti-CD8 (mouse monoclonal OX8, Biolegend), APCCy7-conjugated anti-CD45 (mouse monoclonal OX1, Biolegend), biotin-conjugated …

Prognostic impact of biomarkers in PMBCL: rationale for early integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

AimThis research aims to guide future strategies for personalized treatment of primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL), particularly to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the first-line setting.MethodsA retrospective, single-center study included 254 newly diagnosed PMBCL patients treated with rituximab, dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (R-DA-EPOCH), rituximab, modified protocol NHL-BFM-90 (RmNHL-BFM-90), or R-DA-EPOCH combined with nivolumab. Clinical parameters, immunoh

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… For each sample, 4 μm slices were stained using a standard immunohistochemistry protocol for formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, with a ready-to-use detection system that provides high signal amplification without biotin, utilizing the Leica Bond-MAX immunostainer. …

A data-driven model of disability progression in progressive multiple sclerosis.

This study applies the Gaussian process progression model, a Bayesian data-driven disease progression model, to analyse the evolution of primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Utilizing data from 1521 primary progressive multiple sclerosis participants collected within the International Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Alliance Project, the analysis includes 18 581 longitudinal time-points (average follow-up time: 28.2 months) of disability assessments including the expanded disability status scale, symbol digit modalities, timed 25-foot-walk, 9-hole-peg test and of MRI metrics such as T1 and T

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… Safety and efficacy of MD1003 (high-dose biotin) in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis (SPI2): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol. 2020;19(12):988–997. 35. Lorenzi M, Filippone M.. Constraining the dynamics of deep probabilistic models. …

Spectrum of sublytic astrocytopathy in neuromyelitis optica.

Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder targeting aquaporin-4 water channels in CNS astrocytes. Histopathological descriptions of astrocytic lesions reported in neuromyelitis optica so far have emphasized a characteristic loss of aquaporin-4, with deposition of IgG and complement and lysis of astrocytes, but sublytic reactions have been underappreciated. We performed a multi-modality study of 23 neuromyelitis optica autopsy cases (clinically and/or pathologically confirmed; 337 tissue blocks). By evaluating astrocytic morphology, immunohistochemistry and AQP4 RNA transcript

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… Immunohistochemistry was performed with the avidin–biotin-complex method, 13 using primary antibodies specific for GFAP (1:100, DAKO), neurofilament protein (1:800, steam antigen retrieval with citric acid buffer pH 6.0, DAKO), AQP4 (1:250, Sigma-Aldrich), myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) (1:500, Serotec …

Rational treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy with capsaicin 8% patch: from pain relief towards disease modification.

PurposeChemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) with associated chronic pain is a common and disabling condition. Current treatments for neuropathic pain in CIPN are largely ineffective, with unfavorable side-effects. The capsaicin 8% patch (capsaicin 179 mg patch) is approved for the treatment of neuropathic pain: a single topical cutaneous application can produce effective pain relief for up to 12 weeks. We assessed the therapeutic potential of capsaicin 8% patch in patients with painful CIPN, and its mechanism of action.Patients and methods16 patients with chronic painful CIPN (mea

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… Sites of primary antibody attachment were revealed using nickel-enhanced, avidin-biotin peroxidase (ABC - Vector Laboratories, Peterborough, UK) as previously described. 74 – 76 Sections were counterstained for nuclei in 0.1% w/v aqueous neutral red, air dried and mounted in xylene-based mountant (DPX …

Immunotherapy Strategies Against Multiple Myeloma

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… Green et al 70 demonstrated that, compared with conventional RIT (directly radio-labeled antibody), streptavidin-biotin pretargeted RIT directed against CD38 antigen can greatly improve the intensity of radiation within the organism; a dose of up to 800 to 1200 Ci, up to the 23rd day of treatment, showed …

PD 0332991, a selective cyclin D kinase 4/6 inhibitor, sensitizes lung cancer cells to treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is a major challenge to targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated whether a cyclin D kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, PD 0332991, could reverse EGFR-TKI resistance in human lung cancer cells and explored the underlying mechanisms. We found that PD 0332991 potentiated gefitinib-induced growth inhibition in both EGFR-TKI-sensitive (PC-9) and EGFR-TKI-resistant (PC-9/AB2) cells by down-regulating proliferation and inducing apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Tumor xenogra

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… Briefly, 100 ng of total RNA was used for cDNA synthesis, and produce biotin-tagged cRNA by Trizol method. 15μg fragmented cRNA, with contol oligo B2 and eukaryotic hybridization controls (bioB, bioC, bioD, cre) was hybridized to each GeneChip array at 45°C for 16 hours (Affymetrix GeneChip Hybridization …

The potential anti-cancer effects of quercetin on blood, prostate and lung cancers: An update.

Cancer is caused by abnormal proliferation of cells and aberrant recognition of the immune system. According to recent studies, natural products are most likely to be effective at preventing cancer without causing any noticeable complications. Among the bioactive flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables, quercetin is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. This review aims to highlight the potential therapeutic effects of quercetin on some different types of cancers including blood, lung and prostate cancers.

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… Moreover, Quercetin-loaded mixed micelles (Que-MMICs) were formed from 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoethanolamine–poly (ethylene glycol)–biotin (DSPE–PEG–biotin) and poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate–poly[2-(dimethylamino) ethyl acrylate]–polycaprolactone (PEGMA– PDMAEA–PCL) for …

Хромогранин B действует как нейронный паракринный фактор, провоцирующий апоптоз олигодендроцита.

Известно, что различные растворимые факторы, такие, как подстрекательские цитокины и автоантитела, скрытые активированными микроглией, макрофагами и астроцитами, способствуют смерти линейных клеток олигодендроцита (OL), в том числе ОН и НО-прекурсорных клеток (OLC), в центральной нервной системе во время демиелинации множественных склерозов. Однако роль факторов, скрытых от нейронов, в смерти клеток ОЛ по-прежнему недостаточно изучена. Хромогранин В (Чгб), критический белок для скрытого гранула в нейроэндокринных клетках, также выражается и отделяется от нейронов. В этом исследовании мы изучил

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… Basal chemically defined medium (BDM): 4 mM L-glutamine, 1 mM pyruvate, 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA; Merck), 50 μg/mL apo-transferrin (Merck), 5 μg/mL insulin (Merck), 30 nM sodium selenite (Merck), 10 nM D-biotin (Merck), 10 nM hydrocortisone (Merck), and 100 U/mL penicillin and 100 μg/mL streptomycin …

Возможная роль метаформы и фибробластного роста Factor-21 В Multical Sclerosis Neuropathology: Birds of a Feather Flock Common.

Множественный склероз (MS) — прогрессивное демиелинизирующее заболевание CNS, характеризующееся воспалением, образованием CNS-клеров и повреждением нейронной миелинской оболочки (graphical abstract). Фактор роста фибробласта 21 (FGF21) занимается различными метаболическими расстройствами и нейродегенеративными заболеваниями. FFF21 и его корецептор β-Kloth имеют существенно важное значение для процесса ремиелиции MS. Метформин, инсулин-сенсибилизирующее лекарство, которое является первой линией лечения для типа 2 Мэлитус диабета (T2DM) может оказывать потенциальное нейрозащитное воздействие, ре

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… Additionally, about 50% of MS patients use alternative and complementary medicine, including biotin, vitamin D, and cannabis (Vespignani  2020 ). Earlier studies have demonstrated that metformin can attenuate the inflammatory reactions in MS (Xu et al.  2007 ; Zhou et al.  2012 ). …

Aptamer: A potential oligonucleotide nanomedicine in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with a high mortality rate. Late diagnosis and poor prognosis are still a major drawback since curative therapies such as liver resection and liver transplantation are effective only for an early stage HCC. Development of novel molecular targeting therapies against HCC may provide new options that will improve the efficiency of the diagnosis and the success of the therapy, thus ameliorating the life expectancy of the patients. The aptamer is an oligonucleotide nanomedicine that has high binding affinity and specificity to small a

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… Biotin-labelled TLS11a combined with streptavidin-modified fluorescent silica nanoparticles showed promising results. …

Регулирование пациентов с реанимированными/реферантными миеломами, лечившимися с Талкетамабом: основные моменты из точки зрения фармацевтов.

Talquetamab — семейство рецепторов с белковым белком в классе G. 5 член D (GPRC5D) и CD3-targeting bi специфическая антитела с > 71% :: общее реагирование пациентов с рецидивной или рефрактной множественной миеломой, three другие виды наркотиков. GPRC5D сильно отражается на клетках миэломы, а также некоторое выражение в обычных волосатых фолликах, коже и языке. Его уникальное выражение на этих нормальных тканях приводит к явной структуре неблагоприятных явлений (АЭ), как это было отмечено на этапе I/II. MonumenTAL-1 суд. GPRC5D-related АО включали оральные побочные эффекты (например, дисгейсия

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… and median duration was 88.5 days 0.8 mg/kg group: Median time to onset was 67.5 days and median duration was 74.0 days | 0.4 mg/kg group: Grade 1 (37.1%) Grade 2 (17.5%) 0.8 mg/kg group: Grade 1 (46.9%) Grade 2 (6.9%) | Dose skipping Dose delay Dose reduction Oral hydration Emollients Vitamin E oil Biotin …

Связанный с воспалением IncRNA вызывает нейронные повреждения в результате митохондриальной дисфункции.

В качестве ключевых факторов в регулировании генов появляются некодирующие SNP, которые часто находят свое отражение в специфических для тканей регулятивных элементах. Среди этих элементов длинные некодирующие РНК (lncRNA) участвуют во многих клеточных процессах, и их характеристики делают эти молекулы привлекательными для терапевтических целей. В этом исследовании мы изучили IncRNA LOC339803 в контексте нейронных клеток, которые расположены в районе 2p15, связанном с автоиммунитетом, и недавно описываем, что они играют провоспалительную роль в кишечных расстройствах. Используя образцы мозга ч

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… The PCR product was purified and used for in vitro transcribing biotinylated RNA using the T7 polymerase (Takara) and RNA biotin labeling kit (Roche). 1 mg of purified LOC339803 RNA was mixed and incubated with whole cell extracts from HCT-15 and SH-SY5Y cell. …

The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Pathogenesis, Biology, and Treatment of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias.

In response to emerging discoveries, questions are mounting as to what factors are responsible for the progression of plasma cell dyscrasias and what determines responsiveness to treatment in individual patients. Recent findings have shown close interaction between the gut microbiota and multiple myeloma cells. For instance, that malignant cells shape the composition of the gut microbiota. We discuss the role of the gut microbiota in (i) the development and progression of plasma cell dyscrasias, and (ii) the response to treatment of multiple myeloma and highlight faecal microbiota transplantat

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… In healthy persons, microorganisms are responsible for production of vitamins K, B 2 (riboflavin), B 12 (cobalamin), folates, and biotin ( 24 ), metabolism of indigestible compounds, and protection from colonisation by opportunistic bacteria ( 25 ), and are necessary for the development of the humoral …

Vitamin C Supplementation in the Treatment of Autoimmune and Onco-Hematological Diseases: From Prophylaxis to Adjuvant Therapy.

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin introduced through the diet with anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and antioxidant activities. Today, this vitamin is integrated into the treatment of many inflammatory pathologies. However, there is increasing evidence of possible use in treating autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. We reviewed the literature to delve deeper into the rationale for using vitamin C in treating this type of pathology. There is much evidence in the literature regarding the beneficial effects of vitamin C supplementation for treating autoimmune diseases such as Systemic Lupus

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… These nanoparticles were used to immobilize a DEVD–biotin peptide and streptavidin-labeled alkaline phosphatise (SA-ALP) in a sequential manner via amide bonding and specific interaction between biotin and streptavidin, respectively. …

Colorectal Cancer at the Crossroads: The Good, the Bad, and the Future of Platinum-Based Drugs.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, ranking third in incidence and second in mortality among cancers worldwide. This review addresses the complex landscape of CRC, focusing on incidence, mortality trends, preventive strategies, and the evolving therapeutic approaches, particularly highlighting the role of platinum-based drugs like oxaliplatin (OXP). It also underscores the increasing burden of CRC, with factors such as westernized diets, aging populations, and genetic predispositions contributing to its prevalence. Therapeutically, early detection greatly enh