Результаты поиска

Синдром PEEMS: 2026 Обновленная информация по диагностике, статистике рисков и управлению.

Синдром PEMS — это угрожающий жизни синдром, вызванный плазменной неоплазмой. Основными критериями для этого синдрома являются полиномропатическое расстройство клональных клеток (ПХД), склеротические повреждения костей, повышенный сосудистый эндотелиальный фактор роста и наличие болезни Каслмана. Незначительные особенности включают в себя органомегалию, эндокринопатию, характерные изменения кожи, папилледему, вневаскулярную перегрузку объема и тромбоцитоз. Диагноз синдрома POEMS three основных критериев, two в том числе полиномропаты и клональные плазменные клетки, и по крайней мере one незнач

Сравнительный анализ нервно-воспалительных путей болезни Альцгеймера, болезни Паркинсона и множественного склероза: понимание сходства и различий.

Растет интерес к нейродегенеративным болезням, усугубляющим значительное социально-экономическое бремя, вызванное старением общества. Несмотря на то, что каждая болезнь имеет различные этиологии, нейроинфламмация, как считается, играет решающую роль в болезни Альцгеймера (AD), болезни Паркинсона (PD) и множественном склерозе (MS). Помимо патогенной функции воспаления мозга, растет число свидетельств того, что иммунная реакция необходима для нейрорегенерации. Этот обзор сравнивает и контрастирует с нейроинфламационными путями, которые характерны для различных нейродегенеративных заболеваний. В

CRS and ICANS: Early detection and personalized management.

T-cell-redirected immunotherapies, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies, have transformed the treatment of relapsed or refractory hematologic malignancies. However, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) remain the major immune-mediated toxicities that can complicate treatment delivery and contribute to morbidity and non-relapse mortality. CRS is characterized by systemic inflammatory amplification involving activated T cells, tumor cells, monocytes/macrophages, endothelial activation, and cytok

Japanese POEMS syndrome with Thalidomide (J-POST) Trial: study protocol for a phase II/III multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

IntroductionPolyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome is a fatal systemic disorder associated with plasma cell dyscrasia and the overproduction of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Recently, the prognosis of POEMS was substantially improved by introduction of therapeutic intervention for myeloma. However, no randomised clinical trial has been performed because of the rarity and severity of the disease.Methods and analysisThe Japanese POEMS syndrome with Thalidomide (J-POST) Trial is a phase II/III multicentre, double-blinded, randomi

Increased Circulating Soluble Junctional Adhesion Molecules in Systemic Sclerosis: Association with Peripheral Microvascular Impairment.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma) is a severe disease characterized by peripheral microcirculation abnormalities manifesting with Raynaud's phenomenon, nailfold videocapillaroscopic (NVC) changes, and even ischemic digital ulcers (DUs) that are often refractory to treatments. In the wake of previously described associations between the circulating levels of soluble junctional adhesion molecules (sJAMs) and SSc clinical features, here, we measured sJAM-A and sJAM-C levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples from a large case series of 110 SSc patients and 85 healthy contro

Guarding the heart in the era of immunotherapies: insights for cardio-oncology practice.

The advent of cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-T) cell therapies, and bispecific antibodies and other immune-activating platforms such as therapeutic vaccines and oncolytic viruses (often used in combination regimens) has revolutionized oncology by improving patient outcomes across diverse malignancies. However, these therapies are increasingly linked to cardiovascular toxicities such as myocarditis, arrhythmias, and heart failure, posing significant clinical challenges. Here we review current evidence on the mechanisms, clini

Fibrinogen/albumin ratio is associated with first-ever cardiovascular events in patients with peritoneal dialysis.

OBJECTIVE: The fibrinogen/albumin ratio (FAR) is a novel inflammatory indicator, which has been associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between FAR and cardiovascular event (CVE) in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains unclear. This study aims to clarify the relationship between FAR and first-ever CVE in patients with PD. METHODS: A total of 278 patients were enrolled between January 2012 and June 2021. They were defined as the high FAR group and the low FAR group based on the median FAR value (0.107). The primary outcome was the occurrence of first-ever CV

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… It has also been reported that inflammatory states can contribute to the escape of ALB by increasing capillary permeability, thus exacerbating hypoproteinaemia [ 24 ]. …

Micro and nanotechnologies: The little formulations that could.

The first publication of micro- and nanotechnology in medicine was in 1798 with the use of the Cowpox virus by Edward Jenner as an attenuated vaccine against Smallpox. Since then, there has been an explosion of micro- and nanotechnologies for medical applications. The breadth of these micro- and nanotechnologies is discussed in this piece, presenting the date of their first report and their latest progression (e.g., clinical trials, FDA approval). This includes successes such as the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines from Pfizer, Moderna, and Janssen (

Anticancer Role of PPARgamma Agonists in Hematological Malignancies Found in the Vasculature, Marrow, and Eyes.

The use of targeted cancer therapies in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic agents and/or radiation treatment has increased overall survival of cancer patients. However, longer survival is accompanied by increased incidence of comorbidities due, in part, to drug side effects and toxicities. It is well accepted that inflammation and tumorigenesis are linked. Because peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma agonists are potent mediators of anti-inflammatory responses, it was a logical extension to examine the role of PPARgamma agonists in the treatment and prevention of

Blood Vessels and Peripheral Nerves as Key Players in Cancer Progression and Therapy Resistance.

Cancer cells continuously interact with the tumor microenvironment (TME), a heterogeneous milieu that surrounds the tumor mass and impinges on its phenotype. Among the components of the TME, blood vessels and peripheral nerves have been extensively studied in recent years for their prominent role in tumor development from tumor initiation. Cancer cells were shown to actively promote their own vascularization and innervation through the processes of angiogenesis and axonogenesis. Indeed, sprouting vessels and axons deliver several factors needed by cancer cells to survive and proliferate, inclu

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… During inflammation, the blood vessels that perfuse the tissue undergo dilation, increased capillary permeability, and leukocyte extravasation [ 48 ]. …

Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: Pathophysiology, Genetics, Biomarkers, and Treatment Perspectives.

Familial cerebral cavernous malformations (FCCM) are a heritable neurovascular disorder defined by clusters of dilated, thin-walled capillaries in the brain and spinal cord. Although rare, FCCM offers a tractable model for understanding how genetic disruptions in endothelial junction biology, mechanotransduction, and kinase signaling drive vascular instability in the central nervous system. Pathogenic loss-of-function variants converge on signaling abnormalities that promote barrier dysfunction, iron deposition, inflammation, and progressive lesional growth. Clinically, FCCM may manifest with

Acoustically-Activated Liposomal Nanocarriers to Mitigate the Side Effects of Conventional Chemotherapy with a Focus on Emulsion-Liposomes.

To improve currently available cancer treatments, nanomaterials are employed as smart drug delivery vehicles that can be engineered to locally target cancer cells and respond to stimuli. Nanocarriers can entrap chemotherapeutic drugs and deliver them to the diseased site, reducing the side effects associated with the systemic administration of conventional anticancer drugs. Upon accumulation in the tumor cells, the nanocarriers need to be potentiated to release their therapeutic cargo. Stimulation can be through endogenous or exogenous modalities, such as temperature, electromagnetic irradiati

Tumor angiogenesis as a target for dietary cancer prevention.

Between 2000 and 2050, the number of new cancer patients diagnosed annually is expected to double, with an accompanying increase in treatment costs of more than $80 billion over just the next decade. Efficacious strategies for cancer prevention will therefore be vital for improving patients' quality of life and reducing healthcare costs. Judah Folkman first proposed antiangiogenesis as a strategy for preventing dormant microtumors from progressing to invasive cancer. Although antiangiogenic drugs are now available for many advanced malignancies (colorectal, lung, breast, kidney, liver, brain,

Uncommon Factors Leading to Nephrotic Syndrome.

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. Apart from the traditional causes of NS, such as minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, diabetes, infections, malignancies, autoimmune conditions, and nephrotoxic agents, there are also rare causes of NS, whose knowledge is of the utmost importance. The aim of this article was to highlight the less well-known causes that have a significant impact on diagnosis and treatment. Genetic syndromes such as Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia, familial lecithin-cholesterol acyltransfe

Устранение неврологических расстройств путем борьбы с нейродегенеративными ассоциированными ферментами: естественные и синтетические молекулы.

Неврологические расстройства, включая нейродегенеративные и нейро-воспалительные заболевания, создают значительные проблемы в области здравоохранения и клинических проблем. Недавние исследования показали, что различные ферменты играют ключевую роль в наступлении и развитии этих расстройств. В этом обзоре изучается терапевтический потенциал адресации этих ферментов естественными и синтетическими молекулами. К таким заболеваниям, как болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона и множественный склероз, причастны основные ферменты, включая ацетилхолинестеразу, оксидазу моноамина, бета-секретазу, тау к

Bone Marrow Adipocytes, Adipocytokines, and Breast Cancer Cells: Novel Implications in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer.

Accumulating discoveries highlight the importance of interaction between marrow stromal cells and cancer cells for bone metastasis. Bone is the most common metastatic site of breast cancer and bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are the most abundant component of the bone marrow microenvironment. BMAs are unique in their origin and location, and recently they are found to serve as an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. It is reasonable to speculate that BMAs contribute to the modification of bone metastatic microenvironment and affecting metastatic br

The Use of Extracorporeal Organ Support Therapies for Acute Kidney Injury in Cancer Patients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and serious complication in patients with cancer, associated not only with increased morbidity and mortality, but also with the interruption or modification of anticancer therapy. In critically ill patients with cancer, AKI arises from a complex interplay of cancer-related, treatment-related, and patient-related factors, with many patients requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) and admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). This narrative review summarizes the etiology of AKI in patients with cancer and discusses the role of extracorporeal organ supp

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) is characterised by increased capillary permeability leading to the redistribution of protein-rich fluid from the intravascular compartment, driven by widespread cytokine release. …

Оценка изменений в геморрологических переменных у пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Множественный склероз (MS) — нейродегенеративное состояние, обусловленное главным образом дисрегуляцией иммунной системы. Однако появляющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что дополнительные факторы, такие, как нейродегенерация, независимо от иммунных процессов, могут также способствовать патологии MS. С учетом значительного числа случаев гипоперизолирования головного мозга, наблюдавшихся у пациентов с церебральным кровотечением от раннего до продвинутого этапа заболевания, исследование гемореологии или револогии крови, которое включает изучение свойств кровотока крови и плазменных белковых со

Множественный склероз: то, что мы узнали и можем узнать из электронной микроскопии.

Множественный склероз (MS) — воспалительное нейродегенеративное заболевание, характеризующееся возникновением демиелинированных повреждений в центральной нервной системе. Повреждения MS могут подвергаться воспоминанию, временно смягчая симптомы, но по мере развития болезни воспроизводство становится менее эффективным. Помимо повреждений, нормальные появляющиеся ткани мозга имеют тонкие изменения, потенциально указывающие на более широкую диффузную патологию и/или повышенную подверженность воздействию повреждений. Патология MS варьируется между повреждениями серых и белых веществ и их нормальны

Pre-Engraftment Syndrome After Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Relapsed or Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma: An Association with Prior PD-1 Inhibitor Exposure.

Background and Objectives: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) remains the standard of care for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R HL), and an increasing proportion of patients receive programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors prior to transplantation. Engraftment syndrome (ES) is a noninfectious inflammatory complication classically associated with neutrophil recovery; however, early peri-transplant inflammatory manifestations remain poorly characterized and may mimic infectious complications. We aimed to evaluate peri-transplant inflammatory events after ASCT, with

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Clinical Presentation and Pathophysiology of ES The onset of ES typically parallels neutrophil recovery and reflects an exaggerated inflammatory response associated with increased capillary permeability. … This cytokine-mediated cascade results in increased capillary permeability, tissue edema, and a systemic inflammatory response. …