Skeletal metastases are an incurable complication afflicting the majority of patients who die from advanced breast cancer. They are most often osteolytic, characterized by net bone destruction and suppressed new bone formation. Life expectancy from first diagnosis of breast cancer bone metastases is several years, during which time skeletal-related events - including pain, fracture, hypercalcemia, and spinal cord compression - significantly degrade quality of life. The bone marrow niche can also confer hormonal and chemo-resistance. Most treatments for skeletal metastases target bone-destroyin
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … In patients with MM, bortezomib and carfilzomib reduce markers of bone resorption but also increase those of bone formation (alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin) regardless of tumor response, suggesting direct bone-anabolic effects [ 24 ],[ 25 ]. … PTH increased many markers of osteoblast activity, such as collagens and osteocalcin, but also altered members of the WNT signaling pathway, including reducing DKK1 mRNA, but not sclerostin. …
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PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of prior anti-osteoporosis treatments on bone mineral density (BMD) changes in Chinese postmenopausal women with osteoporosis following 1-year Denosumab (Dmab) therapy.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 381 postmenopausal women, all receiving a 1-year Dmab treatment. Participants were stratified into five groups based on prior anti-osteoporosis treatments: no treatment (NT), alendronate (ALN), zoledronic acid (ZOL), teriparatide (TPT), and raloxifene (RAL). Potential factors influencing BMD changes were screened
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … the Study Patients
Abbreviations : NT, non-treatment; ALN, alendronate sodium; ZOL, zoledronic acid; TPT, teriparatide; RAL, raloxifene; BMI, body mass index; PINP, propeptide of type I procollagen; PTH, parathyroid hormone; 25-OH-D, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D; CTX, C-telopeptide collagen crosslinks; OCN, osteocalcin … Table 3
Multivariate Analysis of BMD Changes at the LS, FN, and TH
Abbreviations : PINP, propeptide of type I procollagen; PTH, parathyroid hormone; 25-OH-D, 25-hydroxy-vitamin D; OCN, osteocalcin; CTX, C-telopeptide collagen crosslinks; BMI, body mass index; LS, lumbar spine; FN, femoral neck; TH, total …
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Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2025eng
PurposeThe International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC) have proposed procollagen type I N propeptide (PINP) and β isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX-I) as reference bone turnover markers (BTMs) for osteoporosis. This report examines the published literature since the 2011 IOF-IFCC position paper in order to determine the clinical potential of the reference BTMs and newer markers for the prediction of fracture risk and monitoring the treatment of osteoporosis.MethodsEvidence for the re
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … Meta analysis
Method-search strategy
Search terms included: (“serum osteocalcin”) OR (“s-OC”) OR (“urinary osteocalcin”) OR (“u-OC”) OR (“serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase”) OR (“s-BALP”) OR (“BAP”) OR (“Procollagen type I C propeptide”) OR (“s-PICP”) OR (“Procollagen type I N propeptide”) OR … Table 4
Prospective studies of bone turnover markers or FRAX to predict fracture in patients with CKD
CKD Chronic Kidney disease, HD Hemodialysis, FRAX (Fracture Risk Assessment), NS Not significant OC serum osteocalcin. …
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Primary osteoporosis is closely linked to hormone deficiency, which disrupts the balance of bone remodeling. It affects postmenopausal women but also significantly impacts older men. Estrogen can promote the production of osteoprotegerin, a decoy receptor for RANKL, thereby preventing RANKL from activating osteoclasts. Furthermore, estrogen promotes osteoblast survival and function via activation of the Wnt signaling pathway. Likewise, androgens play a critical role in bone metabolism, primarily through their conversion to estrogen in men. Estrogen deficiency accelerates bone resorption throug
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … In contrast, the secretion of binding proteins by osteoclasts, such as osteocalcin and osteonectin, helps regulate the deposition of minerals inside the bone tissue [ 27 ].
The manifestations of OBLs can also be affected by the interaction of sex hormones and other corresponding receptors. … Vitamin K is responsible for the post-translational conversion of glutamyl to -carboxyglutamyl residues in osteocalcin to facilitate the mineralization process for the purpose of osteoporosis prevention [ 173 , 174 ]. …
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Considerable progress has been made in the management of cancer patients in the last decade with the arrival of anti-cancer immunotherapies (immune checkpoint inhibitors) and targeted therapies. As a result, a broad spectrum of cancers, not just hormone-sensitive ones, have seen several patients achieve profound and prolonged remissions, or even cures. The management of medium- and long-term side-effects of treatment and quality of life of patients are essential considerations. This is especially true for bone, as bone fragility can lead to increased fractures and loss of autonomy, ultimately
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … In vitro, inhibition of osteoclastogenesis with down-regulation of osteoclastic markers (TRAP, κ-cathepsin, metalloproteinase-9) and up-regulation of osteoblastic markers (ALP, osteocalcin) are observed. … Lastly, osteocalcin was shown decreased on vandetanib treatment [ 100 ]. …
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Bone development is characterized by complex regulation mechanisms, including signal transduction and transcription factor-related pathways, glycobiological processes, cellular interactions, transportation mechanisms, and, importantly, chemical formation resulting from hydroxyapatite. Any abnormal regulation in the bone development processes causes skeletal system-related problems. To some extent, the avascularity of cartilage and bone makes drug delivery more challenging than that of soft tissues. Recent studies have implemented many novel bone-targeting approaches to overcome drawbacks. Howe
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … Gla-Containing Proteins
Gla-containing proteins are posttranslationally modified by vitamin K-dependent enzymes, including osteocalcin (OCN) and matrix Gla protein. …
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The cellular and molecular events responsible for fracture healing becoming delayed with aging remain unclear. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling has been reported to play a critical role in bone regeneration. However, knowledge of its specific function in skeletal stem cells during aging-induced fracture delayed union remains scant. In the present study, we first demonstrated that EGFR activity in skeletal stem/progenitor cells decreased as mice aged and thus resulted in delayed fracture healing. To further investigate whether the EGFR signaling can be targeted as a potential t
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … (G) Representative co-immunostaining images of osteocalcin (OCN; green) and endomucin (Emcn; red) in fracture callus at 10 dpf, counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 200 μm. (H) Quantification of the percentage of OCN + cells and endomucin + vessels. n = 3. … (G) Representative co-immunostaining images of osteocalcin (OCN; green) and endomucin (Emcn; red) in fracture callus at 10 dpf, counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 200 μm. (H) Quantification of the percentage of OCN + cells and endomucin + vessels. n = 3. …
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Lytic bone disease remains a life-altering complication of multiple myeloma, with up to 90% of sufferers experiencing skeletal events at some point in their cancer journey. This tumour-induced bone disease is driven by an upregulation of bone resorption (via increased osteoclast (OC) activity) and a downregulation of bone formation (via reduced osteoblast (OB) activity), leading to phenotypic osteolysis. Treatments are limited, and currently exclusively target OCs. Despite existing bone targeting therapies, patients successfully achieving remission from their cancer can still be left with chro
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … MM derived exosomes also exaggerate osteolysis, driving the release of IL-6 (to promote tumour growth) and inhibiting OB differentiation via reduced Runx2, Osterix, and Osteocalcin [ 44 ].
Figure 2 The inhibition of osteoblasts in myeloma bone disease. … Depleted levels of Runx2, Osterix, and Osteocalcin observed with MIP-1α stimulation are partially reversed with an MIP-1α antibody [ 27 , 28 ].
5. …
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The skeleton is a unique structure capable of providing support for the body. Bone resorption and deposition are controlled in a tightly regulated balance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts with no net bone gain or loss. However, under conditions of disease, the balance between bone resorption and deposition is upset. Osteoblasts play an important role in bone homeostasis by depositing new bone osteoid into resorption pits. It is becoming increasingly evident that osteoblasts additionally play key roles in cancer cell dissemination to bone and subsequent metastasis. Our laboratory has evidenc
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … Proliferation is characterized by the secretion of type I collagen, while alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin indicate extracellular matrix maturation [ 21 ]. … The presence of osteopontin, osteocalcin, and osteonectin signal extracellular matrix mineralization, which is also marked by bone nodule formation [ 21 ]. Osteoblast differentiation is continuously ongoing, working in concert with osteoclast bone-resorption.
1.4. …
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Cancer cachexia (CC) is a devastating, multi-organ syndrome historically defined by the progressive wasting of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. However, emerging evidence suggests that the skeletal system is also a major, yet underappreciated target of this catabolic state. While bone loss in oncology is primarily attributed to skeletal metastasis or cancer treatment-induced bone loss (CTIBL), clinical and preclinical data has increasingly demonstrated that tumor and host-derived systemic signals can drive severe bone deterioration even in non-metastatic disease. This review synthesizes cur
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … These changes were characterized by increased levels of bone turnover markers, including osteopontin, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase, as well as altered serum mineral profiles, including reduced calcium and magnesium levels [ 41 ]. … However, the CTX/osteocalcin and CTX/PINP ratios indicate increased bone resorption. Hypoalbuminemia and elevated CRP are independent predictors of this imbalance, linking CC to increased bone turnover driven by inflammation and poor nutritional status [ 44 ]. …
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Background and Objectives: In this experimental study, the prophylactic effect of systemically administered erythropoietin (EPO) in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) was evaluated. Materials and Methods: The osteonecrosis model was established using 36 Sprague Dawley rats. EPO was systemically applied before and/or after tooth extraction. Groups were formed based on the application time. All samples were evaluated histologically, histomorphometrically, and immunohistochemically. A statistically significant difference in new bone formation was observed between the groups (p <
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … Runx2 and osteocalcin, which are secreted by mature osteoblasts, are known biochemical markers and key transcription factors associated with osteoblast differentiation [ 54 ]. … In an experimental model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, increased expression of Runx2 and osteocalcin was observed both four and eight weeks after EPO treatment [ 54 ]. These results suggest that the positive effect of EPO on bone formation may occur via Runx2-mediated osteogenesis. …
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PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between bone turnover markers (BTMs) and thyroid indicators in Graves' disease (GD) and to further assess predictive value of changes in early stage retrospectively.
METHODS: We studied 435 patients with GD and 113 healthy physical examiners retrospectively and followed up these two groups of patients after 6 months. We investigated the correlations between BTMs and other 15 observed factors, and analyzed the predictive value of FT3 and FT4 before and after treatment (FT3-P/FT3-A, FT4-P/FT4-A) on whether BTMs recovered.
RESULTS: The levels of thyroid
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … BTMs are consisted of bone formation markers, including Osteocalcin (OST) and Procollagen I N-Terminal Propeptide (P1NP), and bone resorption markers, including C-terminal telopeptides of Type I collagen (CTX-1). … Abbreviations
BTMs, bone turnover markers; GD, Graves’ disease; FT 3 , free triiodothyronine; FT 4 , free thyroxine; TSH, thyrotropin; OST, Osteocalcin; PINP, Procollagen I N-Terminal Propeptide; CTX-1, C-terminal telopeptides of Type I collagen; TRAb, thyrotropin receptor antibody; TgAb, thyroglobulin …
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Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and alterations of bone microarchitecture, with an increased risk of fractures. It is a multifactorial disorder that is more frequent in postmenopausal women but can be associated to other diseases (inflammatory and metabolic diseases). At present, several options are available to treat osteoporosis trying to block bone reabsorption and reduce the risk of fracture. Anyway, these drugs have safety and tolerance problems in long-term treatment. Recently, gut microbiota has been highlighted to have strong influence on bone metabolism, becom
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … It has also been observed that TNF blockade leads to an important increase of bone formation markers, such as osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, and to a stabilization of bone mass density [ 51 ]. Moreover, TNF inhibitors seem to influence the GM composition. … A recent study has been demonstrated that administration of agave fructans and inulin increases serum osteocalcin levels in female mice [ 55 ], while a GOS/FOS and calcium combination increased bone mineralization [ 62 ]. …
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This review explores the application of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in detecting bone turnover biomarkers and advancing osteogenic treatment strategies. MIPs, designed to mimic biological recognition sites, offer innovative solutions for precise molecular recognition in bone health management. Chemical methodologies for MIPs synthesis and their integration into diagnostic systems for detecting bone resorption markers are highlighted. Furthermore, MIP-driven therapeutic advancements, including controlled drug release, cell imprinting for osteogenic differentiation, and functional scaf
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … Osteoblasts, derived from mesenchymal stem cells, are the main executors of bone formation, promoting mineralization by secreting type I collagen and noncollagenous proteins such as osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase. [ 91 ] Their activity is regulated by several key signaling pathways, including: … Through various characterizations (ALP activity, osteocalcin levels, gene expression analysis, etc.), the authors found that the 2 wt% and 4 wt% HA nanocomposite substrates significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. …
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Hypocalcemia is relatively uncommon paraneoplastic syndrome. Only one case of hypocalcemia has been reported in a patient with chondrosarcoma. We herein report a case of a 32-year-old woman with metastatic chondrosarcoma with tetany. Her imaging findings revealed multiple calcific metastatic lesions in the lungs, pancreas, left atrium, and pulmonary vein. A laboratory examination showed hypocalcemia with no evidence of any other disease that could induce hypocalcemia. On the basis of the laboratory and clinical findings, we concluded the etiology of her severe hypocalcemia to be excessive calc
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … Bone turnover markers were within normal limits; the level of osteocalcin was 15.63 ng/mL (normal range: 11-48 ng/mL), and serum C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) was 0.338 ng/mL (normal range: 0.01-1 ng/mL), both of which were measured using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Cobas e601, Roche Diagnostics …
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Osteoporosis is the second most common disease only secondary to cardiovascular disease, with the risk of fracture increasing with age. Osteoporosis is caused by an imbalance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis processes. Osteoclastogenesis may be enhanced, osteoblastogenesis may be reduced, or both may be evident. Inflammation and high reactive oxygen enhance osteoclastogenesis while reducing osteoblastogenesis by inducing osteoblast apoptosis and suppressing osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation. Catechins, the main polyphenols found in green tea with potent anti-oxida
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … EGCG at 1 and 10 μM increases mRNA expression of the degradation of Runx2, Osx/SP7, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). EGCG treatment also significantly enhanced the ALP activity. … GTP at 0.5% w/v for 12 weeks led to higher values of BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), and serum osteocalcin, but decreased serum TRAP. GTP was shown to increase bone strength by attenuating oxidative stress-induced damage and inflammation [ 98 , 99 ]. …
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Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inborn disease that causes a rare form of osteomalacia, a mineralization disorder affecting mineralized tissues. Identification of patients at high risk for fractures or other skeletal manifestations (such as insufficiency fractures or excessive bone marrow edema) by bone densitometry and laboratory tests remains clinically challenging. Therefore, we examined two cohorts of patients with variants in the ALPL gene grouped by bone manifestations. These groups were compared by means of bone microarchitecture using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomog
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … Calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), bTNSALP/bALP and TNSALP/ALP, osteocalcin, 25-OH-D 3 (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and the urinary levels of deoxypyridinoline/creatinine (DPD/crea) were measured at the Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. … Neither osteocalcin as a bone formation marker nor the urine-DPD levels normalized to creatinine differed significantly between the groups ( p = 0.977 and p = 0.903, respectively). PLP levels tended toward higher values in the group with skeletal manifestations ( p = 0.061, Fig. 3 h). …
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Multiple myeloma (MM) is a B-cell neoplasm characterized by clonal plasma-cell proliferation. The survival and prognosis of this condition have been significantly improved by treatment with active anti-MM drugs such as bortezomib or lenalidomide. Further, the discovery of novel agents has recently paved the way for new areas of investigation. However, MM, including myeloma-related bone diseases, remains fatal. Bone disease or bone destruction in MM is a consequence of skeletal involvement with bone pain, spinal cord compression, and bone fracture resulting from osteolytic lesions. These conseq
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … At baseline in one study [ 71 ], patients with relapsed MM displayed increased serum concentrations of DKK-1, sRANKL, sRANKL/OPG ratio, C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoform-5b (TRACP-5b), and reduced bone alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. … Bortezomib administration decreased serum DKK-1, sRANKL, CTX, and TRACP-5b levels after four cycles of therapy, and increased bone alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, irrespective of treatment response. Accordingly, bone remodeling was observed to be normalized in relapsed myeloma [ 71 ].
5. …
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Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy of plasma cells that proliferate and accumulate within the bone marrow (BM). Work from many groups has made evident that the complex microenvironment of the BM plays a crucial role in myeloma progression and response to therapeutic agents. Within the cellular components of the BM, we will specifically focus on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are known to interact with myeloma cells and the other components of the BM through cell to cell, soluble factors and, as more recently evidenced, through extracellular vesicles. Multiple structur
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … The pleiotropic CCL3 chemokine, produced by malignant PCs and OCs, was also found to contribute to MBD by osteocalcin downregulation and inhibition of OB function through reduced levels of the transcription factor Osterix [ 153 , 154 ]. … Interactions of Myeloma Cells with MSCs or Pre-OBs
Cell to cell interactions of human myeloma cells and BMMSCs or pre-OBs were shown to inhibit OB formation and function via blockade of Runx2 activity [ 147 ], which was accompanied by a diminished expression of OB differentiation markers (i.e., ALP, osteocalcin …
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PURPOSE: Osteoporosis results in a severe decrease in the life quality of many people worldwide. The latest data shows that the number of osteoporotic fractures is becoming an increasing international health service problem. Therefore, a new kind of controllable treatment methods for osteoporotic fractures is extensively desired. For that reason, we have manufactured and evaluated nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp)-based composite co-doped with iron oxide (IO) nanoparticles. The biomaterial was used as a matrix for the controlled delivery of miR-21-5p and miR-124-3p, which have a proven impact on bone
Совпадение в полном тексте источника … The deficiency or mutations of RUNX-2 may cause abnormalities in bone homeostasis. 74 While osteopontin, together with osteocalcin, are key players in both the biological and mechanical function of bones. 75 Generally, these two non-collagenous proteins (NCPs) are integral components of extracellular … Osteocalcin and osteopontin influence bone morphology and mechanical properties . Ann N Y Acad Sci . 2017 ; 1409 ( 1 ): 79 – 84 . doi: 10.1111/nyas.13470 29044594 PMC5730490
76. Si J , Wang C , Zhang D , Wang B , Hou W , Zhou Y . Osteopontin in bone metabolism and bone diseases . …
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