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(Поли) фенолы и множественный склероз: результаты межсекционного исследования наблюдений.

(Поли) фенолы представляют собой широкий и разнородный класс веществ с рядом потенциальных преимуществ для здоровья. Их роль в нейрозащите и когниции по-прежнему вызывает сомнения. Цель этого исследования заключается в изучении возможной взаимосвязи между общим и индивидуальным (поли)поглощением фенола, основными источниками питания и остротой множественного склероза (МС) в группе пациентов, страдающих НР. Были собраны демографические данные, данные о физической активности участников, данные о курении и рационе питания наряду с клиническими параметрами, включая Расширенный цикл оценки инвалидн

Proteasome inhibitors - molecular basis and current perspectives in multiple myeloma.

Inhibition of proteasome, a proteolytic complex responsible for the degradation of ubiquitinated proteins, has emerged as a powerful strategy for treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), a plasma cell malignancy. First-in-class agent, bortezomib, has demonstrated great positive therapeutic efficacy in MM, both in pre-clinical and in clinical studies. However, despite its high efficiency, a large proportion of patients do not achieve sufficient clinical response. Therefore, the development of a second-generation of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) with improved pharmacological properties was needed. Rece

Micronutrient Status and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, at the same time being one of the most prevalent causes of women's death. Many factors such as alcohol, weight fluctuations, or hormonal replacement therapy can potentially contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Another important factor in breast cancer onset includes micronutrient status. In this narrative review, we analyzed 23 micronutrients and their possible influence on breast cancer onset and progression. Further, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of micronutrient status on the prevention of b

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… This effect is ascribed to the pro-oxidative activity of ascorbate, culminating in the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and hydroxyl radicals (OH•) [ 58 ]. … Catalyzing the production of reactive hydroxyl radicals from H 2 O 2 in the lysosomes of breast cancer cells, leading to cell apoptosis, has been postulated as a possible BON mechanism of action [ 157 ]. …

Chemotherapy Side-Effects: Not All DNA Damage Is Equal.

Recent advances have increased survival rates of children and adults suffering from cancer thanks to effective anti-cancer therapy, such as chemotherapy. However, during treatment and later in life they are frequently confronted with the severe negative side-effects of their life-saving treatment. The occurrence of numerous features of accelerated aging, seriously affecting quality of life, has now become one of the most pressing problems associated with (pediatric) cancer treatment. Chemotherapies frequently target and damage the DNA, causing mutations or genome instability, a major hallmark

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… Hydroxyl radical production and DNA damage induced by anthracycline-iron complex FEBS Lett. 1984 172 226 230 10.1016/0014-5793(84)81130-8 6086388 105. Myers C.E. Gianni L. Simone C.B. Klecker R. Greene R. …

Advanced Technologies for Large Scale Supply of Marine Drugs.

Marine organisms represent a source of unique chemical entities with valuable biomedical potentialities, broad diversity, and complexity. It is essential to ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of marine natural products (MNPs) for their translation into commercial drugs and other valuable products. From a structural point of view and with few exceptions, MNPs of pharmaceutical importance derive from the so-called secondary metabolism of marine organisms. When production strategies rely on marine macroorganisms, harvesting or culturing coupled with extraction procedures frequently remain t

Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer Research: Extraction, Mechanism of Action, and Drug Formulation.

Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally and considered as a major challenge for the public health system. The high toxicity and the lack of selectivity of conventional anticancer therapies make the search for alternative treatments a priority. In this review, we describe the main plant-derived natural products used as anticancer agents. Natural sources, extraction methods, anticancer mechanisms, clinical studies, and pharmaceutical formulation are discussed in this review. Studies covered by this review should provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to enhance basi

Intravenous Vitamin C for Cancer Therapy - Identifying the Current Gaps in Our Knowledge.

The use of intravenous vitamin C (IVC) for cancer therapy has long been an area of intense controversy. Despite this, high dose IVC has been administered for decades by complementary health care practitioners and physicians, with little evidence base resulting in inconsistent clinical practice. In this review we pose a series of questions of relevance to both researchers and clinicians, and also patients themselves, in order to identify current gaps in our knowledge. These questions include: Do oncology patients have compromised vitamin C status? Is intravenous the optimal route of vitamin C a

The multiple biological activities of hyperoside: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic perspectives in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases.

In recent years, hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside) has garnered significant attention due to its diverse biological effects, which include vasoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Notably, hyperoside has shown remarkable potential in cancer therapy by targeting multiple mechanisms; it induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation, blocks angiogenesis, and reduces the metastatic potential of cancer cells. Furthermore, hyperoside enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy by modulating key signaling pathways. Beyond neoplastic diseases,

Revisiting Curcumin in Cancer Therapy: Recent Insights into Molecular Mechanisms, Nanoformulations, and Synergistic Combinations.

Curcumin has been extensively investigated as an anticancer agent, yet its clinical application remains constrained by low bioavailability, incomplete mechanistic understanding, and limited therapeutic optimization. In light of growing resistance to conventional chemotherapies and the demand for safer, multi-targeted agents, this review revisits curcumin with a contemporary lens. We critically evaluate the literature published since 2020, focusing on newly elucidated molecular mechanisms by which curcumin regulates tumor progression, including modulation of oncogenic signaling pathways (Wnt/β-

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… These functional groups are particularly important due to their interactions with hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which are highly reactive and have an extremely short lifespan among reactive oxygen species (ROS) in oxygen-respiring organisms [ 3 , 5 ]. … A unitized ICD nanoinducer combining curcumin, disulfide-bonded organosilica nanoparticles, and iron oxide effectively induced cancer-cell-specific ICD by depleting glutathione, generating hydroxyl radicals, and disrupting Ca 2+ and thioredoxin reductase. …

Ликопен дополнил средиземноморские диеты экспериментальными аутоиммунными энцефаломелитами (EAE) в мышах и изменениями кишечного микробиома.

Цель этого исследования заключалась в определении воздействия средиземноморского рациона питания (MD) и ликопена на развитие EAE и на подстрекательские маркеры. В 43-day :: исследование, 72 Женский C57BL/6 Мыши были случайно разделены на eight группы в зависимости от того, были ли они EAE или наивными (контрольными) мышами, питались западной диетой или MD, и получали ли они ликопен. Во время исследования мышей кормили ад-либитумом, а ликопиновые группы - ликопинами. 10 мг/кг/сут ликопен на мышь каждый день 28 днями в оральной желудке. Мыши были забраны за EAE, принесены в жертву, и их селезенк

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… Lycopene has the ability to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and eliminate singlet oxygen, nitrogen dioxide, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide. Its effect on reactive oxygen species includes radical attachment, electron transfer, and allylic hydrogen abstraction (Kulawik et al. 2023 ). …

Resveratrol from Dietary Supplement to a Drug Candidate: An Assessment of Potential.

Resveratrol (RVT) is a well known phyto-chemical and is widely used in dietary supplements and botanical products. It shows a wide range of pharmacological/beneficial effects. Therefore, it can be a potential candidate to be developed as phyto-pharmaceutical. Multiple diseases are reported to be treated by the therapeutic effect of RVT since it has antioxidant, anti-cancer activity and anti-inflammatory activities. It also has a major role in diabetes, arthritis, cardiac disorder and platelet aggregation etc. The major requirements are establishments regarding safety, efficacy profile and phys

Metabolic reprogramming in cancer and senescence.

The rising trend in global cancer incidence has caused widespread concern, one of the main reasons being the aging of the global population. Statistical data show that cancer incidence and mortality rates show a clear upward trend with age. Although there is a commonality between dysregulated nutrient sensing, which is one of the main features of aging, and metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells, the specific regulatory relationship is not clear. This manuscript intends to comprehensively analyze the relationship between senescence and tumor metabolic reprogramming; as well as reveal the impac

The journey of boswellic acids from synthesis to pharmacological activities.

There has been a lot of interest in using naturally occurring substances to treat a wide variety of chronic disorders in recent years. From the gum resin of Boswellia serrata and Boswellia carteri, the pentacyclic triterpene molecules known as boswellic acid (BA) are extracted. We aimed to provide a detailed overview of the origins, chemistry, synthetic derivatives, pharmacokinetic, and biological activity of numerous Boswellia species and their derivatives. The literature searched for reports of B. serrata and isolated BAs having anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic,

Recent Perspectives on Cardiovascular Toxicity Associated with Colorectal Cancer Drug Therapy.

Cardiotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of cancer-related therapy that has a significant influence on patient outcomes and quality of life. The use of antineoplastic drugs to treat colorectal cancers (CRCs) is associated with a number of undesirable side effects including cardiac complications. For both sexes, CRC ranks second and accounts for four out of every ten cancer deaths. According to the reports, almost 39% of patients with colorectal cancer who underwent first-line chemotherapy suffered cardiovascular impairment. Although 5-fluorouracil is still the backbone of chemotherapy reg

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… Redox cycling then causes the hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide to be generated. By activating the apoptotic pathways, the reactive oxygen species generated by the metabolism of doxorubicin in cardiomyocytes ultimately result in cell death [ 24 ]. …

Iron in the Tumor Microenvironment-Connecting the Dots.

Iron metabolism and tumor biology are intimately linked. Iron facilitates the production of oxygen radicals, which may either result in iron-induced cell death, ferroptosis, or contribute to mutagenicity and malignant transformation. Once transformed, malignant cells require high amounts of iron for proliferation. In addition, iron has multiple regulatory effects on the immune system, thus affecting tumor surveillance by immune cells. For these reasons, inconsiderate iron supplementation in cancer patients has the potential of worsening disease course and outcome. On the other hand, chronic im

The Potential of Mushroom Extracts to Improve Chemotherapy Efficacy in Cancer Cells: A Systematic Review.

Chemoresistance is a challenge in cancer treatment, limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Mushroom extracts have shown potential as treatments for cancer therapies, offering a possible solution to overcome chemoresistance. This systematic review aimed to explore the role of mushroom extracts in enhancing chemotherapy and reversing chemoresistance in cancer cells. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, following the PRISMA guidelines, and registered on PROSPERO. The extracts acted by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, as well as enhancing the effect of che

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… The study aimed to assess how Pleurotus pulmonarius affects the capture of free radicals, including the DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide. …

Biosynthesis of anticancer phytochemical compounds and their chemistry.

Cancer is a severe health issue, and cancer cases are rising yearly. New anticancer drugs have been developed as our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind diverse solid tumors, and metastatic malignancies have increased. Plant-derived phytochemical compounds target different oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, protein channels, immune cells, protein channels, and pumps, which have attracted much attention for treating cancer in preclinical studies. Despite the anticancer capabilities of these phytochemical compounds, systemic toxicity, medication resistance, and limited absorption re

The metabolites from traditional Chinese medicine targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy.

Cancer is a major disease with ever-increasing morbidity and mortality. The metabolites derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have played a significant role in combating cancers with curative efficacy and unique advantages. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxide, stands out from the conventional forms of cell death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Recent evidence has demonstrated the potential of TCM metabolites targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy. We collected and screened related articles publ

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… In 1894, Fenton first reported the Fenton reaction between Fe 2+ or Fe 3+ ions and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) to produce highly reactive hydroxyl radicals ( Fenton, 1894 ), which increased ROS level in cells and triggered the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) or saturated fatty acids …

Amyloid Proteins and Peripheral Neuropathy.

Painful peripheral neuropathy affects millions of people worldwide. Peripheral neuropathy develops in patients with various diseases, including rare familial or acquired amyloid polyneuropathies, as well as some common diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and several chronic inflammatory diseases. Intriguingly, these diseases share a histopathological feature-deposits of amyloid-forming proteins in tissues. Amyloid-forming proteins may cause tissue dysregulation and damage, including damage to nerves, and may be a common cause of neuropathy in these, and potentially other, diseases. He

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… For example, Aβ causes hydroxyl radical generation, which induces membrane lipid peroxidation through hydrogen abstraction from polyunsaturated fatty acids [ 189 ]. Generated reactive aldehydes further elevate ROS production and trigger inflammatory responses [ 190 ]. …

Anemia of Chronic Diseases: Wider Diagnostics-Better Treatment?

Anemia of chronic diseases is a condition that accompanies a specific underlying disease, in which there is a decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyte counts due to a complex process, usually initiated by cellular immunity mechanisms and pro-inflammatory cytokines and hepcidin. This is the second most common type of anemia after iron deficiency anemia in the world. Its severity generally correlates with the severity of the underlying disease. This disease most often coexists with chronic inflammation, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and kidney failure. Before starting treatment, one sho