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Cancer Pain Is Not One-Size-Fits-All: Evolving from Tradition to Precision.

Cancer pain remains a significant challenge in oncology, profoundly affecting patients' quality of life, function, and prognosis. Historically under-recognized and managed with a uniform, opioid-centric approach, cancer pain was often inadequately treated. Advances in pain assessment, multimodal analgesia, and supportive care have improved outcomes, yet traditional algorithms frequently fail to address the complex, heterogeneous nature of cancer pain. Contemporary management is shifting toward precision and personalized medicine, integrating genetic, molecular, and biomarker data with individu

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… Chemotherapeutic medicines associated with peripheral neuropathy comprise platinum-based medications (cisplatin and oxaliplatin), taxanes (paclitaxel and docetaxel), vinca alkaloids (vincristine), thalidomide, and bortezomib. …

Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Cancer Treatment.

Cancer, as a complicated disease, is considered to be one of the major leading causes of death globally. Although various cancer therapeutic strategies have been established, however, some issues confine the efficacies of the treatments. In recent decades researchers for finding efficient therapeutic solutions have extensively focused on the abilities of stem cells in cancer inhibition. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that can the most widely extracted from various sources such as the bone marrow (BM), placenta, umbilical cord (UC), menses blood, Wharton's jelly (WJ

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… cell markers such as CD34, CD 45, etc Table 1 Preclinical studies of MSCs for the treatment of cancer rBM-MSCs: Rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, PS: Photo-sensitizer, SiO 2 NPs: Silica nanoparticles, MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells, BM-MSCs: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell, DTX: Docetaxel …

Cancer Therapy and Exercise Intolerance: The Heart Is But a Part: JACC: CardioOncology State-of-the-Art Review.

The landscape of cancer therapeutics is continually evolving, with successes in improved survivorship and reduced disease progression for many patients with cancer. Improved cancer outcomes expose competing comorbidities, some of which may be exacerbated by cancer therapies. The leading cause of disability and death for many early-stage cancers is cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is often attributed to direct or indirect cardiac injury from cancer therapy. In this review, the authors propose that toxicities related to conventional and novel cancer therapeutics should be considered beyond th

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… malignant pleural mesothelioma, SCLC, NSCLC, testicular, uterine | Pulmonary embolism 30 | Arterial stiffening, 49 arterial thrombosis, 107 endothelial dysfunction, 72 systemic HTN, 30 arterial vasospasm 18 , 30 | Capillary leak, decreased muscle oxidative capacity 108 Taxanes | | | | Paclitaxel, docetaxel …

Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage Repair in the Era of Precision Oncology and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Cancer manifestation is a multistep process involving accumulation of various genetic and epigenetic changes that results in oncogenic "hallmarks of cancer" processes including genomic instability. Exploitation of aberrant DNA-damage response (DDR) mechanisms in cancer is in part a goal of many therapeutic strategies, and recent evidence supports the role of targeting DDR in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance immunotherapeutic response. Improved cancer profiling, including next-generation and whole-genome mutational sequencing of tumor tissue, as well as circulating nuclei

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… NCT03150576 | TNBC and/or gBRCA positive breast cancer | Neoadjuvant olaparib + paclitaxel and carboplatin | pCR rate, RFS, BCSS, DMFS, LRFS, OS, QoL NCT01847274 | Ovarian cancer | Maintenance niraparib | PFS, TTF, OS NCT02975934 | mCRPC HRD | Rucaparib versus abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide or docetaxel …

Applications of Curcumin and Its Nanoforms in the Treatment of Cancer.

Due to the diverse medicinal and pharmacokinetic properties of turmeric, it is well-known in the therapeutic, pharmaceutic, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and dietary industries. It gained importance due to its multitude of properties, such as wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, cytoprotective, anti-aging, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory effects. Even though the natural healing effect of turmeric has been known to Indians as early as 2500 BCE, the global demand for turmeric has increased only recently. A major reason for the beneficiary activities of turmeric is the pre

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… Phase I dose escalation trial of docetaxel plus curcumin in patients with advanced and metastatic breast cancer Cancer Biol. Ther. 2010 9 8 14 10.4161/cbt.9.1.10392 19901561 121. Garcea G. Berry D.P. Jones D.J. Singh R. Dennison A.R. Farmer P.B. Sharma R.A. Steward W.P. Gescher A.J. …

In vitro models of breast cancer bone metastasis: analyzing drug resistance through the lens of the microenvironment.

Even though breast cancers usually have a good outcome compared to other tumors, the cancer can progress and create metastases in different parts of the organism, the bone being a predilection locus. These metastases are usually the cause of death, as they are mostly resistant to treatments. This resistance can be caused by intrinsic properties of the tumor, such as its heterogeneity, but it can also be due to the protective role of the microenvironment. By activating signaling pathways protecting cancer cells when exposed to chemotherapy, contributing to their ability to reach dormancy, or ev

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… PARP1 & PARP2 (that repair DNA) | prevent PARP from reparing DNA damages | BM failure, leukemia, anemia, netropenia, thrombocytopenia | ERBB2-, BRCA1 or BRCA2+ metastatic Taxol | Paclitaxel Taxane | antimitotic drug | Prevent cell division | Neutropenia | Most widely used anticancer drug Taxotere | Docetaxel …

Micro and nanotechnologies: The little formulations that could.

The first publication of micro- and nanotechnology in medicine was in 1798 with the use of the Cowpox virus by Edward Jenner as an attenuated vaccine against Smallpox. Since then, there has been an explosion of micro- and nanotechnologies for medical applications. The breadth of these micro- and nanotechnologies is discussed in this piece, presenting the date of their first report and their latest progression (e.g., clinical trials, FDA approval). This includes successes such as the recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines from Pfizer, Moderna, and Janssen (

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… Accurins, the platform technology behind BIND Therapeutics, consisted of a chemotherapeutic docetaxel‐loaded degradable polylactic‐acid (PLA) NP core with a PEG corona and active targeting through surface ligation of prostate‐specific membrane antigen. …

Nanoparticle-Based RNAi Therapeutics Targeting Cancer Stem Cells: Update and Prospective.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are characterized by intrinsic self-renewal and tumorigenic properties, and play important roles in tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to diverse forms of anticancer therapy. Accordingly, targeting signaling pathways that are critical for CSC maintenance and biofunctions, including the Wnt, Notch, Hippo, and Hedgehog signaling cascades, remains a promising therapeutic strategy in multiple cancer types. Furthermore, advances in various cancer omics approaches have largely increased our knowledge of the molecular basis of CSCs, and provided numerous novel targ

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… Phase Ib study of pevonedistat, a NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel, carboplatin and paclitaxel, or gemcitabine, in patients with advanced solid tumors Investig. New Drugs 2019 37 87 97 10.1007/s10637-018-0610-0 29781056 PMC6510847 121. Swords R.T. Erba H.P. …

Inequity in Cardio-Oncology: Identifying Disparities in Cardiotoxicity and Links to Cardiac and Cancer Outcomes.

Minority and underresourced communities experience disproportionately high rates of fatal cancer and cardiovascular disease. The intersection of these disparities within the multidisciplinary field of cardio-oncology is in critical need of examination, given the risk of perpetuating health inequities in the growing vulnerable population of patients with cancer and cardiovascular disease. This review identifies 13 cohort studies and 2 meta-analyses investigating disparate outcomes in treatment-associated cardiotoxicity and situates these data within the context of oncologic disparities, preexis

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… Methotrexate | Pericardial effusion Capecitabine | Cardiac ischemia (intermediate) Platinum‐based Cisplatin | Arrhythmias (rare), angina (rare) Microtubule inhibitors Paclitaxel | Heart failure/left ventricular dysfunction (intermediate), cardiac ischemia (rare), QTc prolongation (rare), arrhythmia (rare) Docetaxel …

The promising role of antibody drug conjugate in cancer therapy: Combining targeting ability with cytotoxicity effectively.

IntroductionTraditional cancer therapy has many disadvantages such as low selectivity and high toxicity of chemotherapy, as well as insufficient efficacy of targeted therapy. To enhance the cytotoxic effect and targeting ability, while reducing the toxicity of antitumor drugs, an antibody drug conjugate (ADC) was developed to deliver small molecular cytotoxic payloads directly to tumor cells by binding to specific antibodies via linkers.MethodBy reviewing published literature and the current progress of ADCs, we aimed to summarize the basic characteristics, clinical progress, and challenges of

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… stage breast cancer patients with residual invasive disease, which further expanded the indications for T‐DM1. 150 In terms of neoadjuvant therapy for HER2‐positive operable breast cancer patients, the phase 3 KRISTINE trial explored T‐DM1 plus pertuzumab (T‐DM1+P, also as adjuvant therapy) versus docetaxel …

Targeting inflammation as cancer therapy.

Inflammation has accompanied human beings since the emergence of wounds and infections. In the past decades, numerous efforts have been undertaken to explore the potential role of inflammation in cancer, from tumor development, invasion, and metastasis to the resistance of tumors to treatment. Inflammation-targeted agents not only demonstrate the potential to suppress cancer development, but also to improve the efficacy of other therapeutic modalities. In this review, we describe the highly dynamic and complex inflammatory tumor microenvironment, with discussion on key inflammation mediators i

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… manageable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles in HCC, but the combination of regorafenib and PF-03446962 caused unacceptable toxicity with limited clinical activity in patients with refractory metastatic CRC Bintrafusp alfa (M7824) | | | TGF-β and PD-L1 | NSCLC | Bintrafusp alfa + chemotherapy (docetaxel …

Emerging and underexplored ginsenosides in cancer therapy (2020-2025): Beyond cytotoxic mechanisms.

Ginsenosides from Panax plants have long been studied as potential anticancer agents. In earlier years, most research focused on a few well-known ginsenosides that showed strong direct cytotoxicity, such as Rg3 and Rh2. As a result, many other ginsenosides were considered less active and received limited attention. However, studies published between 2020 and 2025 indicate that several previously underexplored ginsenosides also exhibit meaningful anticancer activity. These compounds often do not function as strongly cytotoxic agents. Instead, they act through broader and more indirect mechanism

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… In docetaxel-resistant tumor models, these effects significantly enhance drug efficacy in vivo while maintaining low systemic toxicity [ 93 ]. These results support the use of Rg5 as an MDR-targeting combination partner. Rg5 shows similar benefits in paclitaxel-resistant cervical cancer. …

RNA Therapeutics in Viral Infections and Cancer: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Prospects: A Review.

Background: RNA therapeutics represent a rapidly advancing field with significant potential for treating viral infections and cancer. This review examines the current landscape of RNA-based strategies, including siRNA, miRNA mimics, and antisense oligonucleotides. For viral infections, the focus is on hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV), HIV, and SARS-CoV-2. Approaches include targeting viral transcripts directly (e.g., siRNAs against HBV surface antigen) or host factors critical for viral replication (e.g., anti-miR-122 miravirsen for HCV). The successful development of mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 i

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: an evidence-based 2025 position statement from a Korean multidisciplinary task force.

With a rapidly aging population and increasing use of antiresorptive agents, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) represents a growing clinical challenge worldwide. To address the need for tailored clinical guidance, a multidisciplinary task force was convened. Five Korean academic societies-the Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research, the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, the Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, the Korean Society of Osteoporosis, and the Korean Endocrine Society-collaborated to develop this position

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… Other medications associated with MRONJ In addition to osteoporosis treatments, MRONJ can also be caused by steroids, immunomodulators, and anticancer drugs; lenalidomide, pomalidomide, sunitinib, imatinib, cabozantinib, sorafenib, bevacizumab, everolimus, temsirolimus, palbociclib, nivolumab, docetaxel …

Cancer vaccines: an update on recent achievements and prospects for cancer therapy.

Decades of basic and translational research have led to a momentum shift in dissecting the relationship between immune cells and cancer. This culminated in the emergence of breakthrough immunotherapies that paved the way for oncologists to manage certain hard-to-treat cancers. The application of high-throughput techniques of genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics was conclusive in making and expediting the manufacturing process of cancer vaccines. Using the latest research technologies has also enabled scientists to interpret complex and multiomics data of the tumour mutanome, thus identify

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… Nivolumab versus docetaxel in advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1627–39. 32. Garon EB, Rizvi NA, Hui R, Leighl N, Balmanoukian AS, Eder JP, Patnaik A, Aggarwal C, Gubens M, Horn L, et al. Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. …

Bioengineered Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Anti-Cancer Therapy: Current Trends and Future Prospects.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are one of the most widely used cell types in advanced therapies due to their therapeutic potential in the regulation of tissue repair and homeostasis, and immune modulation. However, their use in cancer therapy is controversial: they can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, but also potentially promote tumour growth by supporting angiogenesis, modulation of the immune milieu and increasing cancer stem cell invasiveness. This opposite behaviour highlights the need for careful and nuanced use of MSCs in cancer treatment. To optimize their anti-cancer effects,

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… suppress angiogenesis by modulating the mTOR/HIF-1α/VEGF signalling pathway in breast cancer-derived cells [ 77 ], while MSCs carrying miR-23b have been shown to not only reduce the growth and invasion of breast metastatic cancer cells, but also to reduce their sensitivity to the chemotherapy drug docetaxel …

Research Progress of Immunotherapy for Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract cancers worldwide, which has high incidence and mortality rates and poor prognosis. Although multidisciplinary comprehensive therapies consisting of surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy have made great progress in GC treatment, a satisfactory curative effect still cannot be achieved in many circumstances, and the 5-year survival of patients with GC remains to be very low. In China, about 75% of patients with GC are diagnosed in the advanced stage and thus miss the opportunity of surgical resection. Althou

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… | Avelumab | Resectable G/GEJC | avelumab+FLOT (4 cycles previous to surgery + 4 cycles of adjuvant therapy, avelumab up to one year | II | NCT03979131 | Recruiting | Atezolizumab | Nonmetastatic, Resectable Gastric, and GE-junction Cancer | Atezolizumab+ chemotherapy(capecitabine, oxaliplatin and docetaxel …

Targeting Non-coding RNA for Glioblastoma Therapy: The Challenge of Overcomes the Blood-Brain Barrier.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant form of all primary brain tumors, and it is responsible for around 200,000 deaths each year worldwide. The standard therapy for GBM treatment includes surgical resection followed by temozolomide-based chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. With this treatment, the median survival rate of GBM patients is only 15 months after its initial diagnosis. Therefore, novel and better treatment modalities for GBM treatment are urgently needed. Mounting evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have critical roles as regulators of gene expression. Long non-coding

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… Tumor-targeting dual peptides-modified cationic liposomes for delivery of siRNA and docetaxel to gliomas. Biomaterials. (2014) 35:5226–39. 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.03.017 93. Hans ML, Lowman AM. Biodegradable nanoparticles for drug delivery and targeting. …

The role of necroptosis in disease and treatment.

Necroptosis, a distinctive type of programmed cell death different from apoptosis or necrosis, triggered by a series of death receptors such as tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), TNFR2, and Fas. In case that apoptosis process is blocked, necroptosis pathway is initiated with the activation of three key downstream mediators which are receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). The whole process eventually leads to destruction of the cell membrane integrity, swelling of organelles, and severe inflammation. Ove

Epigenetic Mechanisms in DNA Double Strand Break Repair: A Clinical Review.

Upon the induction of DNA damage, the chromatin structure unwinds to allow access to enzymes to catalyse the repair. The regulation of the winding and unwinding of chromatin occurs via epigenetic modifications, which can alter gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation are known to be reversible and have been indicated to play different roles in the repair of DNA. More importantly, the inhibition of such mechanisms has been reported to play a role in the repair of double strand breaks, the most detrimental type of DN

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… Reversible Lysine-specific Demethylase 1 Antagonist HCI-2509 Inhibits Growth and Decreases C-MYC in Castration- and Docetaxel-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 19 (4), 349–357. 10.1038/pcan.2016.21 Hanahan D., Weinberg R. A. (2000). The Hallmarks of Cancer. …