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Social relationship challenges perceived by cancer patients and survivors: a qualitative meta-synthesis.

BackgroundA cancer diagnosis can significantly disrupt patients' social lives, leading to strained relationships and increased social isolation. Many encounter uneasy interactions or feel judged by others, amplifying loneliness and a sense of exclusion. While existing research has predominantly focused on clinical outcomes, the social relationship challenges faced by cancer patients have not been fully explored. Consequently, this study aims to synthesize qualitative studies that examine the social relationship experiences of cancer patients and survivors, offering a deeper insight into this i

From Early Diagnoses to New Treatments for Liver, Pancreatic, Gastric, and Colorectal Cancers Using Carbon Nanotubes: New Chances Still Underexplored.

Pancreatic, liver, gastric, colorectal, and rectal cancers (PC, LC, GC, CRC, and RC) are highly lethal tumours, with a 5-year survival rate of 10.5% (PC) and <20% (LC), and of 5%, 12%, and 13% for IV-stage GC, CRC, and RC, respectively. Currently, PC and LC represent the third leading cause of cancer-related death, while GCs and CRCs account for 4.8 million cancer cases and 4.4 million cancer deaths worldwide. Poor prognoses are mainly due to late diagnosis, limited efficacy of available treatments, tumour recurrence, as well as therapy-induced secondary tumorigenesis and drug resistance. In r

Current trends in theranostic applications of extracellular vesicles in cancer.

BackgroundExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play an integral role in cancer biology, influencing tumor progression, metastasis, and tumor microenvironment. Due to their distinctive molecular composition, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, EVs present a promising candidate for cancer diagnostics and precision therapeutics.MethodsThis review was conducted by looking up recent studies obtained through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using targeted keywords such as "Extracellular Vesicles," "Cancer Therapy," "Biomarkers," "Exosomes," "Tumor Microenvironment," and "Precision Med

Recent Review on Biological Barriers and Host-Material Interfaces in Precision Drug Delivery: Advancement in Biomaterial Engineering for Better Treatment Therapies.

Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that precision therapy has a broad variety of treatment applications, making it an interesting research topic with exciting potential in numerous sectors. However, major obstacles, such as inefficient and unsafe delivery systems and severe side effects, have impeded the widespread use of precision medicine. The purpose of drug delivery systems (DDSs) is to regulate the time and place of drug release and action. They aid in enhancing the equilibrium between medicinal efficacy on target and hazardous side effects off target. One promising approa

The journey of boswellic acids from synthesis to pharmacological activities.

There has been a lot of interest in using naturally occurring substances to treat a wide variety of chronic disorders in recent years. From the gum resin of Boswellia serrata and Boswellia carteri, the pentacyclic triterpene molecules known as boswellic acid (BA) are extracted. We aimed to provide a detailed overview of the origins, chemistry, synthetic derivatives, pharmacokinetic, and biological activity of numerous Boswellia species and their derivatives. The literature searched for reports of B. serrata and isolated BAs having anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic,

RNA therapeutics in targeting G protein-coupled receptors: Recent advances and challenges.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the major targets of existing drugs for a plethora of human diseases and dominate the pharmaceutical market. However, over 50% of the GPCRs remain undruggable. To pursue a breakthrough and overcome this situation, there is significant clinical research for developing RNA-based drugs specifically targeting GPCRs, but none has been approved so far. RNA therapeutics represent a unique and promising approach to selectively targeting previously undruggable targets, including undruggable GPCRs. However, the development of RNA therapeutics faces significant cha

Regulating the regulators: long non-coding RNAs as autophagic controllers in chronic disease management.

The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and their associated morbidities demands a deeper understanding of underlying mechanism and causative factors, with the hope of developing novel therapeutic strategies. Autophagy, a conserved biological process, involves the degradation of damaged organelles or protein aggregates to maintain cellular homeostasis. Disruption of this crucial process leads to increased genomic instability, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased mitochondrial functions, and suppression of ubiquitination, leading to overall decline in quality of intrac

Micronutrient Status and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, at the same time being one of the most prevalent causes of women's death. Many factors such as alcohol, weight fluctuations, or hormonal replacement therapy can potentially contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Another important factor in breast cancer onset includes micronutrient status. In this narrative review, we analyzed 23 micronutrients and their possible influence on breast cancer onset and progression. Further, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of micronutrient status on the prevention of b

The IL-17 family in diseases: from bench to bedside.

The interleukin-17 (IL-17) family comprises six members (IL-17A-17F), and recently, all of its related receptors have been discovered. IL-17 was first discovered approximately 30 years ago. Members of this family have various biological functions, including driving an inflammatory cascade during infections and autoimmune diseases, as well as boosting protective immunity against various pathogens. IL-17 is a highly versatile proinflammatory cytokine necessary for vital processes including host immune defenses, tissue repair, inflammatory disease pathogenesis, and cancer progression. However, ho

Strategies to overcome myeloid cell induced immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment.

Cancer progression and metastasis due to tumor immune evasion and drug resistance is strongly associated with immune suppressive cellular responses, particularly in the case of metastatic tumors. The myeloid cell component plays a key role within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and disrupts both adaptive and innate immune cell responses leading to loss of tumor control. Therefore, strategies to eliminate or modulate the myeloid cell compartment of the TME are increasingly attractive to non-specifically increase anti-tumoral immunity and enhance existing immunotherapies. This review covers cur

Management of Relapsed-Refractory Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Advanced Therapies: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Routine Clinical Practice.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy in adults worldwide. Over the past few years, major therapeutic advances have improved progression-free and overall survival, as well as quality of life. Despite this recent progress, MM remains incurable in the vast majority of cases. Patients eventually relapse and become refractory to multiple drug classes, making long-term management challenging. In this review, we will focus on the treatment paradigm of relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) in the era of advanced therapies emphasizing the available novel modalities that have r

Bispecific Antibody-Based Immune-Cell Engagers and Their Emerging Therapeutic Targets in Cancer Immunotherapy.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular diseases. Harnessing the power of immune cells is a promising strategy to improve the antitumor effect of cancer immunotherapy. Recent progress in recombinant DNA technology and antibody engineering has ushered in a new era of bispecific antibody (bsAb)-based immune-cell engagers (ICEs), including T- and natural-killer-cell engagers. Since the first approval of blinatumomab by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA), various bsAb-based ICEs have been developed for the effective treatment of patients with

Overview on Molecular Biomarkers for Laryngeal Cancer: Looking for New Answers to an Old Problem.

Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) accounts for almost 25-30% of all head and neck squamous cell cancers and is clustered according to the affected districts, as this determines distinct tendency to recur and metastasize. A major role for numerous genetic alterations in driving the onset and progression of this neoplasm is emerging. However, major efforts are still required for the identification of molecular markers useful for both early diagnosis and prognostic definition of LSCC that is still characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Non-coding RNAs appear the most promising

Multiple Myeloma Therapy: Emerging Trends and Challenges.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematologic malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow that secrete large amounts of immunoglobulins and other non-functional proteins. Despite decades of progress and several landmark therapeutic advancements, MM remains incurable in most cases. Standard of care frontline therapies have limited durable efficacy, with the majority of patients eventually relapsing, either early or later. Induced drug resistance via up-modulations of signaling cascades that circumvent the effect of drugs and the emergenc

Cancer Chemoprevention: A Strategic Approach Using Phytochemicals.

Cancer chemoprevention approaches are aimed at preventing, delaying, or suppressing tumor incidence using synthetic or natural bioactive agents. Mechanistically, chemopreventive agents also aid in mitigating cancer development, either by impeding DNA damage or by blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. Several pre-clinical studies have substantiated the benefits of using various dietary components as chemopreventives in cancer therapy. The incessant rise in the number of cancer cases globally is an issue of major concern. The excessive toxicity and chemoresistance associat

Targeting Intercellular Communication in the Bone Microenvironment to Prevent Disseminated Tumor Cell Escape from Dormancy and Bone Metastatic Tumor Growth.

Metastasis to the bone is a common feature of many cancers including those of the breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and kidney. Once tumors metastasize to the bone, they are essentially incurable. Bone metastasis is a complex process involving not only intravasation of tumor cells from the primary tumor into circulation, but extravasation from circulation into the bone where they meet an environment that is generally suppressive of their growth. The bone microenvironment can inhibit the growth of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) by inducing dormancy of the DTC directly and later on following forma

Multi-omics tumor profiling technologies to develop precision medicine in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic cancer, is caused by accumulation of aberrant plasma cells in the bone marrow. Its molecular causes are not fully understood and its great heterogeneity among patients complicates therapeutic decision-making. In the past decades, development of new therapies and drugs have significantly improved survival of MM patients. However, resistance to drugs and relapse remain the most common causes of mortality and are the major challenges to overcome. The advent of high throughput omics technologies capable of analyzing big amount of clinical a

Meeting abstracts from the 21st European Symposium on Radiopharmacy and Radiopharmaceuticals

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… Reference Okoye-Okafor UC, Bartholdy B, Cartier J, Gao EN, Pietrak B, Rendina AR, Rominger C, Quinn C, Smallwood A, Wiggall KJ, Reif AJ, Schmidt SJ, Qi H, Zhao H, Joberty G, Faelth-Savitski M, Bantscheff M, Drewes G, Duraiswami C, Brady P, Groy A, Narayanagari SR, Antony-Debre I, Mitchell K, Wang HR …

Molecularly Targeted Therapies in Oncology: Mechanisms, Resistance, and Combination Strategies.

Targeted therapies are reshaping oncology by enabling treatment selection based on actionable molecular alterations, improving precision, and reducing unnecessary toxicity. This review provides an up-to-date overview of current targeted treatment modalities and the medicinal chemistry principles that support their discovery and optimization. We synthesize evidence on small-molecule and biologic strategies spanning receptor and non-receptor kinases and their major signaling axes (PI3K-AKT-mTOR and RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK), apoptosis regulation (BCL-2 family), DNA repair via poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase

Oxidative Stress: Signaling Pathways, Biological Functions, and Disease.

The dysregulated accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species disrupts redox homeostasis, triggering oxidative stress (OS) and driving pathophysiological changes across multiple organ systems. OS modulates critical signaling pathways, induces inflammation, impairs mitochondrial function, alters metabolic homeostasis, and dysregulates autophagy, contributing to disease progression. While prior research has largely focused on OS within single-organ diseases (e.g., neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and oncological disorders), the systemic role of OS in pan-organ di