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2021 ACMT Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts-Virtual.

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… Methylene blue was administered in 82% (14/17) of cases with 47.1% (8/17) patients requiring advanced cardiac life support. In eight cases, it was confirmed that patients had researched this specific suicide method online. The overall mortality rate in the cohort was 41.2% (7/17). …

Management of Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia in HIV infected patients: current options, challenges and future directions.

The discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was led by the merge of clustered cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia (PCP) in otherwise healthy people in the early 80's.1,2 In the face of sophisticated treatment now available for HIV infection, life expectancy approaches normal limits. It has dramatically changed the natural course of HIV from a nearly fatal infection to a chronic disease.3-5 However, PCP still remains a relatively common presentation of uncontrolled HIV. Despite the knowledge and advances gained in the prevention and management of PCP infection, it continues to

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… Methylene blue acts as a co-factor for the alternative pathway of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) system, to convert methaemoglobin to haemoglobin. 47 However, methylene blue should not be administered in the presence of G6PD deficiency, where low levels of NADPH exist making … In this situation methylene blue may induce hemolytic anemia, and blood transfusions are likely to be more useful here, and in cases refractory to treatment with methylene blue. 48 Treatment of PCP should resume with alternative options for PCP. …

Crystalline deposits in the cornea and various areas of the kidney as symptoms of an underlying monoclonal gammopathy: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Plasma cell dyscrasias (PCD) are characterized by an abnormal production of intact monoclonal immunoglobulins or parts such as heavy or light chains. In most cases, the monoclonal protein (also termed paraprotein) is produced by a clonal plasma cell population. The production of monoclonal proteins can result in deposits of various types and localization depending on the type, amount, and electrochemical properties of the paraprotein. One histopathologic presentation, albeit rare, are crystalline deposits. They can form in various organs and hence cause a wide spectrum of symptoms.

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Successful Medical Management of Complex Maxillary Alveolus with Sinus Involvement.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in cancer patients presents a considerable challenge in management. Current management is primarily based on interventions in a limited number of cases assessing a single approach. Medical management typically is reported to include antimicrobial therapy with or without surgery. Advances in the understanding of pathogenesis have led to the investigation of additional medical interventions for early-stage necrosis. We present 3 patients with advanced-stage MRONJ of the maxilla using combined medical modalities including antimicrobial therapy,

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… PBM and methylene blue may enhance osteoblast biologic activity and cell proliferation that may be relevant in the management of osteonecrosis [64] . … Methylene blue mediated photobiomodulation on human osteoblast cells. Lasers Med Sci. 2017;32(8):1847–55. 10.1007/s10103-017-2286-7. 65. Jadah NA, Shamkhi IA, Shamkhi JA. …

Effect of Primary and Secondary Beads of Carbon Enterosorbent on Haematological Parameters and Oxidative Stress Development Caused by Melphalan in Rats.

Background and Objectives: Side effects of anti-cancer drugs are usually accompanied by oxidative stress, including myelotoxicity. We evaluated the potential of oral highly activated micro-/macroporous carbon adsorbents (bulk density of 0.16 g/cm3, surface area calculation by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller model (SBET) > 2200 m2/g, derived from proprietary phenolic resin beads) to alleviate oxidative stress and myelotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: A single injection of cytostatic melphalan (L-PAM) at a dose of 4 mg/kg was used for modelling. Two forms of activated carbon were used: AC1-primar

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… The kinetic data of Methylene Blue adsorption (C 16 H 18 ClN 3 S × 3 H 2 O, M.W. = 373.9 D) from its aqueous solution are presented in Table 1 . Table 1 Kinetic data of Methylene Blue adsorption by primary beads (γ = 0.16 g/cm 3 ) and corresponding microparticles of carbon enterosorbents (mg/g). … Different kinetic parameters of the two adsorbents were demonstrated in the methylene blue adsorption experiments, supporting the proposition of their different biological and therapeutic qualities. …

Mechanisms inducing low bone density in Duchenne muscular dystrophy in mice and humans.

Patients affected by Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and dystrophic MDX mice were investigated in this study for their bone phenotype and systemic regulators of bone turnover. Micro-computed tomographic (µCT) and histomorphometric analyses showed reduced bone mass and higher osteoclast and bone resorption parameters in MDX mice compared with wild-type mice, whereas osteoblast parameters and mineral apposition rate were lower. In a panel of circulating pro-osteoclastogenic cytokines evaluated in the MDX sera, interleukin 6 (IL-6) was increased compared with wild-type mice. Likewise, DMD patie

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… Osteoblast surface/bone surface (%) was evaluated after staining the sections with methylene blue/azure II. Finally, dynamic assessment of the mineral apposition rate (MAR) was calculated after double injection of calcein 10 and 3 days before euthanization. … blue/azure II. …

DNA Binding, DNA Photocleavage, Molecular Docking Studies and Photo-Induced Effect on Melanoma Cells of 2-Methyl-3-OR Quinazolinone Derivatives.

Thirty 2-methyl-quinazolinone fussed hydroxamic acids (3-OH) and their 3-OEt and 3-OBn derivatives were evaluated for their affinity towards calf-thymus (CT) DNA using UV-vis absorption, viscosity and fluorescence spectroscopy. DNA photocleavage activity was assessed by incubating the compounds with plasmid DNA followed by UV-A and visible light irradiation, which enabled identification of the most potent derivatives active at concentrations of 100 nΜ and 10 μΜ, respectively. Mechanistic studies on the most active compounds indicated the formation of oxygen radical species and a decrease in ef

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… The UV-vis spectra were recorded at the specific time points of irradiation using a Jasco-V770 spectrophotometer (Jasco Inc., Tokyo, Japan) to determine the rate of DPBF oxidation upon interaction with singlet oxygen generated from tested compounds and methylene blue. … Solutions containing 8 , 18 , 28 or methylene blue in a mixture with DPBF in DMF were irradiated with monochromatic light at the wavelengths corresponding to the Q-band maxima of their monomeric form. …

Concurrent intrathecal and intravenous nivolumab in leptomeningeal disease: phase 1 trial interim results.

There is a critical need for effective treatments for leptomeningeal disease (LMD). Here, we report the interim analysis results of an ongoing single-arm, first-in-human phase 1/1b study of concurrent intrathecal (IT) and intravenous (IV) nivolumab in patients with melanoma and LMD. The primary endpoints are determination of safety and the recommended IT nivolumab dose. The secondary endpoint is overall survival (OS). Patients are treated with IT nivolumab alone in cycle 1 and IV nivolumab is included in subsequent cycles. We treated 25 patients with metastatic melanoma using 5, 10, 20 and 50

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… Analysis showed methylene blue dye in the subarachnoid space and spinal canal post injection, confirming that the dye successfully circulated through the CSF space (Extended Data Fig. 1 ). … To ensure the viability of this technique and confirm the distribution of injected material to the subarachnoid space/leptomeninges, we injected 10 μl of Evans (methylene) blue dye intrathecally into C57BL/6 mice. Following IT injection, mice were killed. …

Nanoparticles for Effective Combination Therapy of Cancer.

Cancer continues to remains a major healthcare problem across the world despite strong translational research efforts towards tackling the disease. Surgery, when possible, along with radiation and chemotherapy continue to remain the mainstay of cancer treatment. Novel targeted therapies or biologics and immunotherapies have recently been approved to improve treatment efficacies while reducing collateral damage to normal, non-cancerous tissues. Combination therapies have shown better results than individual monotherapies in the clinic but often the improvements in therapeutic indices remain mar

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… In a recent study, Sahu A., et al. used pluronic coated nano GO sheet mediated delivery of methylene blue (MB) at the tumor environment. The approach behind the research was to induce combined PTT and PDT using graphene oxide as PT agent and methylene blue as PS. … blue for combined photodynamic and photothermal therapy Biomaterials 34 6239 6248 23706688 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.04.066 48 Gollavelli G Ling YC2 2014 Magnetic and fluorescent graphene for dual modal imaging and single light induced photothermal and photodynamic therapy of cancer cells Biomaterials …

Minimally invasive interventional therapy for pain.

Pain interventional therapy, known as the most promising medical technology in the 21st century, refers to clinical treatment technology based on neuroanatomy, neuroimaging, and nerve block technology to treat pain diseases. Compared with traditional destructive surgery, interventional pain therapy is considered a better and more economical choice of treatment. In recent years, a variety of minimally invasive pain interventional therapy techniques, such as neuroregulation, spinal cord electrical stimulation, intervertebral disc ablation, and intrasheath drug infusion systems, have provided eff

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… Chemical neurolytics widely used in clinics include ethanol, phenol and methylene blue, etc. 26 , 29 , 30 Relevant literature studies 26 , 27 , 28 have shown that the neurolytic effect can be evaluated 24–48 ​h later, but it may be more obvious 3–7 days after surgery, with the duration of the effect … Evaluating the anatomic spread of selective nerve scalp blocks using methylene blue: a cadaveric analysis J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 35 2023 248 252 34882105 10.1097/ANA.0000000000000826 31 Risso R.C. Ferraro L.H.C. Nouer Frederico T. …

Polyphenolic natural products as photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: recent advances and future prospects.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has become a potent contender in the fight against microbial infections, especially in the context of the rising antibiotic resistance crisis. Recently, there has been significant interest in polyphenolic natural products as potential photosensitizers (PSs) in aPDT, given their unique chemical structures and inherent antimicrobial properties. Polyphenolic natural products, abundant and readily obtainable from natural sources, are generally regarded as safe and highly compatible with the human body. This comprehensive review focuses on the latest develo

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… Various synthetic compounds such as tetrapyrrole macrocycles (porphyrins, phthalocyanines), heterocyclic compounds (methylene blue, toluidine blue O), indocyanine green, and psoralens have been extensively studied for their antibacterial potency in aPDT ( 14 – 16 ). … Photodynamic fungicidal efficacy of hypericin and dimethyl methylene blue against azole-resistant Candida albicans strains. Mycoses (2014) 57:35–42. doi: 10.1111/myc.12099 48. Alam ST, Le TAN, Park J-S, Kwon HC, Kang K. …

A Snapshot of Photoresponsive Liposomes in Cancer Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy: Opportunities and Challenges.

To provide precise medical regimens, photonics technologies have been involved in the field of nanomedicine. Phototriggered liposomes have been cast as promising nanosystems that achieve controlled release of payloads in several pathological conditions such as cancer, autoimmune, and infectious diseases. In contrast to the conventional liposomes, this photoresponsive element greatly improves therapeutic efficacy and reduces the adverse effects of gene/drug therapy during treatment. Recently, cancer immunotherpay has been one of the hot topics in the field of oncology due to the great success a

Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

The most prevalent chronic neurodegenerative illness in the world is Alzheimer's disease (AD). It results in mental symptoms including behavioral abnormalities and cognitive impairment, which have a substantial financial and psychological impact on the relatives of the patients. The review discusses various pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to AD, including amyloid beta, tau protein, inflammation, and other factors, while emphasizing the need for effective disease-modifying therapeutics that alter disease progression rather than merely alleviating symptoms. This review mainly covers m

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… Methylene Blue Blocks and Reverses the Inhibitory Effect of Tau on PMCA Function Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019 20 3521 10.3390/ijms20143521 31323781 PMC6678728 170. How S.-C. Cheng Y.-H. Lo C.-H. Lai J.-T. Lin T.-H. Bednarikova Z. Antosova A. Gazova Z. Wu J.W. Wang S.S.-s. … Exploring the effects of methylene blue on amyloid fibrillogenesis of lysozyme Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2018 119 1059 1067 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.038 30099040 171. Lao K. Ji N. Zhang X. Qiao W. Tang Z. Gou X. Drug development for Alzheimer’s disease: Review J. …

Bisphosphonate conjugation for bone specific drug targeting.

Bones provide essential functions and are sites of unique biochemistry and specialized cells, but can also be sites of disease. The treatment of bone disorders and neoplasia has presented difficulties in the past, and improved delivery of drugs to bone remains an important goal for achieving effective treatments. Drug targeting strategies have improved drug localization to bone by taking advantage of the high mineral concentration unique to the bone hydroxyapatite matrix, as well as tissue-specific cell types. The bisphosphonate molecule class binds specifically to hydroxyapatite and inhibits

Increasing use of sodium nitrite in suicides-an emerging trend.

Sodium nitrite (NaNO2) is a compound with broad practical applications in food preservation, automotive maintenance, and animal control. Sodium nitrite is also potentially fatal when ingested, as it interferes with the ability of red blood cells to transport oxygen. While incidents of accidental consumption have been reported in the literature, case reports of sodium nitrite being used as a pharmacological suicide agent are becoming more frequent. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate trends in sodium nitrite deaths in South Australia between 2000 and 2019. All cases of fatal sodium ni

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… Methylene blue infusion to treat severe dapsone-induced methemoglobinemia in a pediatric patient. Cureus. 2021;13:e18853. 46. Mir WAY, Shrestha DB, Reddy VK, Gaire S, Verda L. A case report of acute transient encephalopathy following a trans-esophageal echocardiography. …

Структурное и механистическое профилирование модулятуры Hurr1 vidofludimus позволяет проектировать лиганд на основе структуры.

В центре биомедицинских исследований находится фактор нейрозащиты, связанный с ядерным рецептором 1 (Nurr1, NR4A2) для его многообещающей нейрозащитной роли в болезни Паркинсона, болезни Альцгеймера и множественном склерозе. Его деятельность может контролироваться лигандами, предлагающими доступ к фармакологической модуляции Hurr1. Вместе с тем связующие эпитопы и механизмы молекулярной активации синтетических активаторов Hurr1 по-прежнему остаются труднодостижимыми, но имеют важное значение для продвижения к новым лекарствам лигандов Hurr1. Здесь мы охарактеризовали диссоциацию Hurr1 димера и

Cancer Therapy-Induced Encephalitis.

Encephalitis associated with cancer therapies is a rare but serious complication that can significantly impact patients' quality of life and it requires prompt identification and management. Over the past two decades, immunotherapy-particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors-has become a cornerstone of cancer treatment, with up to half of metastatic cancer patients in economically developed countries now receiving these therapies. The widespread adoption of immunotherapy has led to improved survival rates and long-term remissions, even in patients with advanced metastatic disease. However, as im

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… Methylene blue, administered at a dose of 50 mg IV every 4 h, has been used successfully in the treatment of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, where it is thought to act as an alternative electron acceptor [ 84 ]. Ifosfamide and its metabolites are thought to interfere with thiamine functions. … Methylene Blue in the Treatment and Prevention of Ifosfamide-Induced Encephalopathy: Report of 12 Cases and a Review of the Literature. Br. J. Cancer. 2000;82:291–294. doi: 10.1054/bjoc.1999.0917. 85. Hamadani M., Awan F. Role of Thiamine in Managing Ifosfamide-Induced Encephalopathy. J. Oncol. …

Repositioning of drugs for Parkinson's disease and pharmaceutical nanotechnology tools for their optimization.

Parkinson's disease (PD) significantly affects patients' quality of life and represents a high economic burden for health systems. Given the lack of safe and effective treatments for PD, drug repositioning seeks to offer new medication alternatives, reducing research time and costs compared to the traditional drug development strategy. This review aimed to collect evidence of drugs proposed as candidates to be reused in PD and identify those with the potential to be reformulated into nanocarriers to optimize future repositioning trials. We conducted a detailed search in PubMed, Web of Science,

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… Reformulation in NPs could increase bioavailability and permeation through the BBB Methylene blue | N/I | Yes | Metallic NPs/Ag [ 148 ] | Rapid distribution in tissues. Severe toxicity in high doses. … Repurposing an established drug: an emerging role for methylene blue in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Eur J Neurosci. 2019;49(6):869–82. doi: 10.1111/ejn.14079. 71. Potts LF, Park ES, Woo JM, Dyavar Shetty BL, Singh A, Braithwaite SP, et al. …

First-in-Human Phase I Study of MBC-11, a Novel Bone-Targeted Cytarabine-Etidronate Conjugate in Patients with Cancer-Induced Bone Disease.

Lessons learnedResults are consistent with MBC-11 targeting and treating cancer-induced bone lesions by concentrating cytarabine and etidronate at the site of disease.MBC-11 was well tolerated, with an maximum tolerated dose of 5 mg/kg per day and myelosuppression as the principal toxicity.Treatment significantly reduced cancer cell activity in over half of bone lesions detected at baseline.MBC-11 pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters are consistent with the novel drug design goals, and encouraging results warrant further clinical development.BackgroundMBC-11 is a first-in-class conju

Fibula flap versus soft tissue flap with reconstruction plate for mandibular stage 3 medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: With the increasing incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), the choice of reconstruction method for mandibular stage 3 MRONJ remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of fibula flap (FF) and soft tissue flap with reconstruction plate (SR) in patients with mandibular stage 3 MRONJ. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with mandibular stage 3 MRONJ who underwent reconstruction between September 2018 and May 2024. Patients were categorized into the FF and SR groups. Demographic and general characteristics,