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Surgical interventions for symptomatic mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis affecting the knee is common and represents a continuum of disease from early cartilage thinning to full-thicknes … e meniscal tear confirmed on knee MRI and radiographic evidence of mild to moderate osteoarthritis (osteophytes, cartilage defect or joint space narrowing). Patients with severe osteoarthritis (KL grade 4) were excluded. The study compared arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and physical therapy to physical therapy alone (a six-week individualised progressive …

Metallic Lateralized-Offset Glenoid Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: Metallic lateralized-offset glenoid reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) for cuff tear arthropathy combines the use of a metallic … Subscapularis tenotomy and capsular release are performed, the humeral head is dislocated, and any osteophytes are removed. An intramedullary cutting guide is placed for correct humeral resection. The osteotomy of the humeral head is performed in the anatomical neck with an inclination of 135° and a retroversion of 20° to 40°, depending on the anatomical re …

Osteoporosis Diagnosis and Management: A Review from an Orthopedic Perspective.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone density and microarchitectural deterioration, both of which lead to increased risk of fracture, disability, institutionalization, and mortality. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) remains the gold standard for evaluating bone mineral density and establishing diagnostic thresholds. However, accurate interpretation requires more than the application of numerical cut-offs. Interpretation requires careful evaluation of graphical bands, artifact recognition, awareness of site discordance, and application of least significan

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… Lumbar BMD can be spuriously elevated by osteophytes, endplate sclerosis, or aortic calcifications, while metallic implants can distort hip and spine scans. …

Imaging of vertebral fractures.

Vertebral fracture is a common clinical problem. Osteoporosis is the leading cause of non-traumatic vertebral fracture. Often, vertebral fractures are not clinically suspected due to nonspecific presentation and are overlooked during routine interpretation of radiologic investigations. Moreover, once detected, many a times the radiologist fails to convey to the clinician in a meaningful way. Hence, vertebral fractures are a constant cause of morbidity and mortality. Presence of vertebral fracture increases the chance of fracture in another vertebra and also increases the risk of subsequent hip

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… Spondylosis is characterised by end-plate sclerosis, marginal osteophytes and decreased inter-vertebral disc spaces along with anterior wedging. …

Е-постеры.

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… Results: All were fused during this period. 14 of them had a MacAfee heteretopic ossification grade 3 with nonunion and minimally obtained motion and 21 McAfee grade 4. 6 patients showed radiological ALD (adjacent level disease) with osteophytes and only one of them clinically significant. …

Cementless, Cruciate-Retaining Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty Using Conventional Instrumentation: Technical Pearls and Intraoperative Considerations.

BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is commonly indicated for patients with severe tibiofemoral osteoarthritis in whom nonoperative tr … tion. Following this assessment, the pins and guide are removed, and any remaining femoral condylar osteophytes are delicately excised with use of a rongeur. The surgeon uses the femoral sizing guide, measures the size of the femur, and double-checks rotation in preparation for the remaining distal femoral cuts. The holes are then drilled to set the rotation …

Versatility of 14-3-3 proteins and their roles in bone and joint-related diseases.

Bone and joint-related diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and bone tumors, pose significant health challenges due to their debilitating effects on the musculoskeletal system. 14-3-3 proteins, a family of conserved regulatory molecules, play a critical role in the pathology of these diseases. This review discusses the intricate structure and multifunctionality of 14-3-3 proteins, their regulation of signaling pathways, and their interactions with other proteins. We underscore the significance of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, chon

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… .18, Rat chondrocytes Bcl2↓, Bclxl↓, Caspase-3↑, cell viability↓, Bax↑ 136 14-3-3ε 14-3-3ε KO C28I2, human or mouse primary chondrocytes Col2a1↓, Acan↓, COMP↓, Adamts5↑, MMP13↑, Cox2↑, Nos2↑ Age-related model, DMM model OARSI scores↑, proteoglycan content↓, cartilage thickness↓, subchondral bone and osteophyte … | Bcl2↓, Bclxl↓, Caspase-3↑, cell viability↓, Bax↑ | | | 136 14-3-3ε | 14-3-3ε KO | C28I2, human or mouse primary chondrocytes | Col2a1↓, Acan↓, COMP↓, Adamts5↑, MMP13↑, Cox2↑, Nos2↑ | Age-related model, DMM model | OARSI scores↑, proteoglycan content↓, cartilage thickness↓, subchondral bone and osteophyte …

Prediction of osteoporosis using MRI and CT scans with unimodal and multimodal deep-learning models.

PurposeOsteoporosis is the systematic degeneration of the human skeleton, with consequences ranging from a reduced quality of life to mortality. Therefore, the prediction of osteoporosis reduces risks and supports patients in taking precautions. Deep-learning and specific models achieve highly accurate results using different imaging modalities. The primary purpose of this research was to develop unimodal and multimodal deep-learning-based diagnostic models to predict bone mineral loss of the lumbar vertebrae using magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) imaging.MethodsPatients wh

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… Spondyloarthrosis can cause sclerosis at the vertebral plateau and osteophyte formations, which are bony spurs with high density. These lesions can cause higher BMD calculations and errors at DEXA examinations. More accurate data was aimed by excluding this patient group. …

The role of cement augmentation with percutaneous vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures in multiple myeloma: a consensus statement from the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG).

Multiple myeloma (MM) represents approximately 15% of haematological malignancies and most of the patients present with bone involvement. Focal or diffuse spinal osteolysis may result in significant morbidity by causing painful progressive vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) and deformities. Advances in the systemic treatment of myeloma have achieved high response rates and prolonged the survival significantly. Early diagnosis and management of skeletal events contribute to improving the prognosis and quality of life of MM patients. The management of patients with significant pain due to VC

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… Often all that is needed is a spinal brace to keep them out of pain while the spine confers itself stability by producing bridging bony osteophytes 58 , 59 . This appearance is similar to diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis 60 . …

From undruggable to degradable: A deep learning-enabled framework for precision orthopaedic protein degradation.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: A fundamental translational impasse in musculoskeletal disorders-from osteoarthritis to bone metastases-is the "undruggability" of critical pathological drivers sequestered within anatomically restricted and avascular skeletal niches. While Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) offers a revolutionary event-driven modality to eradicate these refractory targets, its clinical translation to orthopaedics is severely hindered by the physicochemical incompatibility of large degraders with dense extracellular matrices and the scarcity of bone-specific E3 ligases. METHODS: In this

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… Deep learning-based radiomics models extract quantitative features from X-ray, CT, and MRI scans, capturing subtle alterations in trabecular architecture, osteophyte morphology, or cartilage texture [ 49 , 50 ]. … Concurrently, subchondral bone sclerosis and osteophyte formation further disrupt joint biomechanics, creating a self-perpetuating cycle of damage [ 96 ]. TPD offers a novel strategy to simultaneously intervene against both inflammatory transcription factors and matrix-degrading enzymes [ 20 ]. …

Outcomes of Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment of Dropped Head Syndrome in a Single Institution: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Dropped head syndrome (DHS), also known as camptocephalia, is characterized by a mobile chin-on-chest deformity from hypotonia of the cervical extensor muscle or hypertonia of the anterior neck muscles. There remains a paucity of quality published literature on this topic, particularly its management. The objective of this study is to identify radiographic and clinical outcomes of surgery as compared to nonsurgical treatment, to summarize the literature, and to create a decision-making paradigm for managing patients with DHS. As such, we report outcomes of our retrospective chart review series

Bone Phenotyping Approaches in Human, Mice and Zebrafish - Expert Overview of the EU Cost Action GEMSTONE ("GEnomics of MusculoSkeletal traits TranslatiOnal NEtwork").

A synoptic overview of scientific methods applied in bone and associated research fields across species has yet to be published. Experts from the EU Cost Action GEMSTONE ("GEnomics of MusculoSkeletal Traits translational Network") Working Group 2 present an overview of the routine techniques as well as clinical and research approaches employed to characterize bone phenotypes in humans and selected animal models (mice and zebrafish) of health and disease. The goal is consolidation of knowledge and a map for future research. This expert paper provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art

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… In addition, current DXA devices enable specific morphological features to be assessed such as vertebral fractures and osteophytes. … Limitations: BMD can be artificially elevated by collapsed vertebrae or mineral deposits at sites that do not contribute to bone strength, such as osteophytes and aortic calcification. …

Structure, function, and pathology of PHF23.

Plant Homeodomain Finger Protein 23 (PHF23) is a member of the Plant Homeodomain (PHD) finger protein family and has been extensively reported since its discovery. Numerous studies have demonstrated that PHF23 plays a crucial role in various biological processes, such as gene expression regulation, autophagy, and tumorigenesis. Additionally, PHF23 is associated with various diseases including various malignancies, osteoarthritis, and tuberculosis, all of which currently lack effective and targeted treatment options. Therefore, this review systematically summarizes the existing literature on PH

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… molecular mechanisms by which PHF23 functions as a TSG is of significant importance for the treatment and prevention of cancer. 4.2 Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, mainly characterized by the progressive destruction of articular cartilage and the formation of osteophytes …

Mobilizing stem cells and inhibition of autoimmunity synergistically modify autoimmune disease to relieve pain: a potential MRG-001 therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, bone erosion, cartilage destruction, and debilitating pain. Current therapies often fall short in preventing structural damage and restoring immune balance. To address these limitations, we evaluated MRG-001 - a fixed-dose combination of plerixafor (AMD3100) and low-dose tacrolimus (FK506) with reported immunoregulatory and regenerative potential - in preclinical models of RA. METHODS: The therapeutic efficacy of MRG-001 was assessed in collagen-induced arthritis and collag

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… Int Immunol 2007 ; 19 : 117 – 26 . 17135447 10.1093/intimm/dxl128 [17] Bakker AC , van de Loo FA , van Beuningen HM , Overexpression of active TGF-beta-1 in the murine knee joint: evidence for synovial-layerdependent chondro-osteophyte formation . …

Эффективность и безопасность трансплантации мезенхимальных стромальных клеток при лечении аутоиммунных и ревматических иммунных заболеваний: систематический обзор и метаанализ выборочных контролируемых испытаний.

ЦЕЛЬ: Настоящее исследование направлено на оценку эффективности и безопасности трансплантации мезенхимальных стволовых клеток (МСЦ) при лечении аутоиммунных и ревматических иммунных заболеваний с помощью выборочных контролируемых испытаний (РКТ). МЕТОДЫ: Two С момента их создания и до декабря исследователи провели всеобъемлющий поиск баз данных на китайском и английском языках. 2023. Затем была проведена проверка литературы и извлечение данных. Статистический анализ проводился с использованием " RevMan " 5.4 программное обеспечение. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Всего 42 соответствующих РТС, включая 2

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… MSCs for OA Osteoarthritis is considered a chronic and progressive degenerative disease of the cartilage, characterized by cartilage loss, subchondral bone remodeling, osteophyte formation, and synovial inflammation [ 125 ]. …

Radiomics in spinal research: a narrative review.

Radiomics has emerged as a transformative tool in medical imaging, offering the ability to extract complex quantitative features that are generally indiscernible to the human eye. These radiomic features can be interrogated non-invasively on medical imaging. Importantly, in contrast to traditional diagnostic methods reliant on a single, often scalar, measure, radiomics features can form a high-dimensional data space from imaging data suitable for machine learning. Within the framework of artificial intelligence, radiomic features can be harnessed for differentiating healthy from pathological t

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… Advanced degeneration also causes structural remodeling: disc height loss, endplate irregularities, osteophyte formation, and IVD failure by herniation or NP extrusion. … Radiomics- based sphericity measure (capturing a combination of loss of IVD height, osteophyte formation, and vertebral endplate disruption) and interquartile range (reducing the influence of localized areas of high signal intensity in degenerated IVD on peak signal intensity difference) showed higher …

Mesenchymal stem cells lineage and their role in disease development.

BackgroundMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely dispersed in vivo and are isolated from several tissues, including bone marrow, heart, body fluids, skin, and perinatal tissues. Bone marrow MSCs have a multidirectional differentiation potential, which can be induced to differentiate the medium in a specific direction or by adding specific regulatory factors. MSCs repair damaged tissues through lineage differentiation, and the ex vivo transplantation of bone marrow MSCs can heal injured sites. MSCs have different propensities for lineage differentiation and pathological evolution for differen

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… AS is a progressive rheumatoid disease characterized by pathologic osteogenesis and ligamentous osteophyte formation, subsequently leading to limited spinal motion and deformity. MSCs are pluripotent stem cells that are the main source of bone formation in vivo (Lv et al. 2014 ). …

Электронные постеры

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… Osteophytes, lateral hernias, and other lesions of the intervertebral foramen are removed, and the affected nerve roots are circumferentially decompressed. The extracted vertebral arch is then returned to its original position, and the osteotomized spinous process is fixed with an absorbable screw. …

Corticosteroid-associated osteonecrosis in paediatric compared with adult patients: are they the same disease?

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating condition with a poorly characterized pathogenesis. Among the reported aetiologies, excessive alcohol consumption and corticosteroid administration are leading causes. Corticosteroids are often administered as a life-saving treatment for primary oncological or autoimmune conditions, but the subsequent development of ONFH can significantly impair the quality of life of both paediatric and adult patients. This review provides a comprehensive summary and critical analysis of recent advances in the understanding of corticosteroid-associate

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… II | MRI: no subchondral fracture, no collapse radiograph: salt and pepper markings CT: osteosclerosis, cystic changes III | Radiograph and CT: subchondral fracture IIIA | Femoral head collapse ≤ 2 mm IIIB | Femoral head collapse > 2 mm IV | Radiograph: osteoarthritic changes (joint space narrowing, osteophytes …

Характеристика повреждений ногой femoris в остеоартрите на различных этапах и эффект акупотомии с помощью ультразвука.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Хроническое повреждение мышцы rectus femoris вызывает и усугубляет прогрессирование остеоартрита колена (КОА). Однако характеристики повреждения мышцы rectus femoris в KOA на различных этапах не были в полной мере описаны. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы проанализировать структуру повреждений мышцы rectus femoris на различных стадиях KOA и изучить механизм, с помощью которого ультразвуковые акупотомические операции могут предотвращать и контролировать KOA. МЕТОДЫ: Ранние, средние и поздние модели кроликов KOA были построены с использованием модифицированного метода Vide

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… Specifically, the scoring included: cartilage defects (0 for none, 1 for <10%, 2 for 10%–75%, 3 for >75%), synovitis (0 for normal, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate, 3 for severe), joint effusion (0 for physiological, 1 for small, 2 for moderate, 3 for large), osteophytes (0 for none, 1 for mild, 2 for moderate …