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The 4th Global Congress on Sickle Cell Disease Abstract Book 2022

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Advances in Gold Nanoparticle-Based Combined Cancer Therapy.

According to the global cancer observatory (GLOBOCAN), there are approximately 18 million new cancer cases per year worldwide. Cancer therapies are largely limited to surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. In radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the maximum tolerated dose is presently being used to treat cancer patients. The integrated development of innovative nanoparticle (NP) based approaches will be a key to address one of the main issues in both radiotherapy and chemotherapy: normal tissue toxicity. Among other inorganic NP systems, gold nanoparticle (GNP) based systems offer the means to fur

Telemedicine in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Therapy.

Telemedicine has played an important role in delivering healthcare for primary care, chronic disease patients, and those with solid organ malignancies. However, its application in subspecialties such as hematologic malignancies, hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), or chimeric antigen receptor-T cell (CAR-T) therapy is not widespread since physical examination is a vital component in delivering care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we widely used telemedicine, since protecting our immunocompromised patients became our top priority. The employment of HCT and CAR-T therapies continues to grow

ICIMH 2022 Abstracts

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Research advances in peptide‒drug conjugates.

Peptide‒drug conjugates (PDCs) are drug delivery systems consisting of a drug covalently coupled to a multifunctional peptide via a cleavable linker. As an emerging prodrug strategy, PDCs not only preserve the function and bioactivity of the peptides but also release the drugs responsively with the cleavable property of the linkers. Given the ability to significantly improve the circulation stability and targeting of drugs in vivo and reduce the toxic side effects of drugs, PDCs have already been extensively applied in drug delivery. Herein, we review the types and mechanisms of peptides, link

Shaping the future of multiple myeloma with artificial intelligence and digital twins: from concept to clinic.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy with significant clinical and biological heterogeneity. Despite development and refinement of numerous prognostic models for MM, challenges with accurate and reliable risk stratification remain, highlighted by unexpected, early relapse or progression of disease in patients termed functional high-risk (FHR). To improve decision-making and optimise outcome, there is an unmet need for precise identification of high-risk (HR) patients, to enable tailored therapeutic strategies. With a complex and rapidly evolving treatment landscape, a

KSHV and cancer: understanding the oncogenic machinery for next-generation diagnostic tools and therapies.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), or human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), is an oncogenic virus responsible for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and lymphoproliferative disorders like primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). This review explores KSHV's oncogenic mechanisms, focusing on its ability to manipulate host cell signaling, evade immune detection, and promote tumorigenesis through latent and lytic viral proteins. Key oncoproteins, such as LANA, vCyc, vFLIP, and vGPCR, activate cancer hallmarks, as sustained proliferation, immune evasion, angiogenesis, and re

RVd и CyBord терапии ремоделируют созревание клеток B и изменяют иммунную и клональную архитектуру в множестве миеломы.

Множественная миелома (ММ) характеризуется неоднородностью плазменных клеток (ПХ) и изменениями в дифференциации В-клеток и иммунной регламентации. Хотя линалидомид/бортезомиб/дексатон (RV) и циклофосфамид/бортезомиб/дексамасон (CyBorD) являются клинически эффективными, их точное воздействие на созревание ПК/B-клеток остается неясным. МЕТОДЫ: Мы провели профилирование КИТОФ на образцах костного мозга из RVd (n = 47) и пациентов MM, проходящих лечение CyBorD (n = 15), каждый по сравнению с неочищенной когортой (n = 43). Внутри каждого терапевтического рукава ответные устройства (RV, n = 35; CyB

Alternative Cancer Therapeutics: Unpatentable Compounds and Their Potential in Oncology.

Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally. Cancer patients often seek alternative therapies in addition to, or instead of, conventional treatments like chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. The progress in medical advancements and early detection provides more treatment options; however, the development of cancer drugs requires a significant amount of time, demands substantial investments, and results in an overall low percent of regulatory approval. The complex relationship between patent protection and pharmaceutical innovation complicates cancer drug development and contributes to hi

Application of cell-derived exosomes in the hematological malignancies therapy.

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin that are produced by both tumor and normal cells and can be found in physiological fluids like plasma and cell culture supernatants. They include cytokines, growth factors, proteins, lipids, RNAs, and metabolites and are important intercellular communication controllers in several disorders. According to a vast amount of research, exosomes could support or inhibit tumor start and diffusion in a variety of solid and hematological malignancies by paracrine signaling. Exosomes are crucial therapeutic agents for a variety of illnesses, such

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Cancer Treatment-Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which encompasses the oral cavity-derived malignancies, is a devastating disease causing substantial morbidity and mortality in both men and women. It is the most common subtype of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which is ranked the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Despite promising advancements in the conventional therapeutic approaches currently available for patients with oral cancer, many drawbacks are still to be addressed; surgical resection leads to permanent disfigurement, altered sense of self and debilitating physiologica

Новые тенденции в нанобиосистемах Змей-Веном-Лоадед: всеобъемлющий обзор.

Достижения в медицинской нанобиотехнологии в значительной степени способствовали применению ядов змеиных токсинов, облегчая разработку новых методов лечения токсинов, производимых животными. Огромное разнообразие видов змей и их ядовые сложности подчеркивают необходимость продолжения исследований. Этот обзор посвящен изучению интеграции яда змеиных ядов с наночастицами, с тем чтобы они могли использоваться в лечении человека в целях разработки методов лечения. Сложная смесь яда змей не только вызывает значительные патологические последствия, но и позволяет получить ценные знания для создания н

Antibody structure and engineering considerations for the design and function of Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs).

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are emerging as effective tools in cancer therapy, combining the antibody's exquisite specificity for the target antigen-expressing cancer cell together with the cytotoxic potency of the payload. Much success stems from the rational design of "toxic warheads", chemically linked to antibodies, and from fine-tuning the intricate properties of chemical linkers. Here, we focus on the antibody moiety of ADCs, dissecting the impact of Fab, linkers, isotype and Fc structure on the anti-tumoral and immune-activating functions of ADCs. Novel design approaches informed by

Sufficiently activated mature natural killer cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells substantially enhance antitumor activity.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral blood-derived natural killer (NK) cells spontaneously lyse tumor cells without prior sensitization. However, NK cells in peripheral blood (PBNK cells) are in a resting state and exhibit inhibitory phenotypes and impaired cytotoxicity. Thus, strengthening the cytotoxic effector function of PBNK cells and improving NK cell expansion in vitro for a convenient allogeneic therapy are essential. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pure cytokine activation and expansion of NK cells (super NK [SNK]) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells were studied. Markers of activated and inhibited NK

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… ETHICS STATEMENT The animal study protocol was approved by the Yicon(Beijing) Biomedical Technology Lnc.IACUC[YK‐IACUC‐2022‐0012]. Supporting information Supplementary information. Click here for additional data file. Supplementary information. Click here for additional data file. …

Global disparities in drug-related adverse events of patients with multiple myeloma: a pharmacovigilance study.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a complex hematological malignancy of clonal plasma cells driven by alterations to the chromosomal material leading to uncontrolled proliferation in the bone marrow. Ethnic and racial disparities persist in the prevalence, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of MM. These disparities are multifaceted and intersect with various factors, including demographics, geography, socioeconomic status, genetics, and access to healthcare. This study utilized the openFDA human drug adverse events (AEs) to analyze global data pertaining to MM patients and patterns of treatment-relate

Проверка полезности контролируемого кластерного алгоритма для точного [11С]DPA-713 PET Mозговой изображения.

Использование количественных изображений PET на артериальной входной функции затрудняет функционирование PET мозга в определенных популяциях, ограничивая размер выборки. Для решения этой проблемы в качестве альтернативы был введен контролируемый алгоритм кластеризации (SVCA). Наша цель состояла в том, чтобы подтвердить эффективность SVCA для PET мозга с помощью [11C]DPA-713, который нацелен на предполагаемый маркер травмы мозга и ремонта. Методы: Это исследование включало сводный набор данных, включающий 12 здоровых добровольцев (HV), 6 участников из Вейл Корнелл Медицины и 6 участников из Мед

Knowledge and Awareness of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Among Dental Practitioners in Mumbai: A Questionnaire-Based Survey.

INTRODUCTION: Osteonecrosis of the jaw resulting from the adverse effects of medical treatments is known as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ). The knowledge of dental professionals about this condition is crucial in addressing it on a regional and global scale. This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of MRONJ among dental practitioners in Mumbai. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study utilized a web-based questionnaire comprising 21 questions distributed to dental professionals and postgraduate students at dental colleges, hospitals, and

Cytokine-Engineered Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Therapy: How to Balance the Efficacy and Toxicity.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy has revolutionized the paradigm in hematological malignancies. However, its efficacy in treating solid tumors remains limited because the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITME) seriously blocks T cell activation, infiltration, and proliferation. Cytokines, driving potent assisted function by enhanced T cell expansion, persistence, and direct tumor cell killing, have long been acknowledged as promising candidates combined with CAR-T cells to improve treatment outcomes. Despite their preclinical success, significant toxicity occurs in

Reporting guidelines for oncology research: helping to maximise the impact of your research.

Many reports of health research omit important information needed to assess their methodological robustness and clinical relevance. Without clear and complete reporting, it is not possible to identify flaws or biases, reproduce successful interventions, or use the findings in systematic reviews or meta-analyses. The EQUATOR Network (http://www.equator-network.org/) promotes responsible reporting and the use of reporting guidelines to improve the accuracy, completeness, and transparency of health research. EQUATOR supports researchers by providing online resources and training. EQUATOR Oncology

Physical Characteristics Pertaining to Health-Related Quality of Life in Hospitalized Patients With Hematologic Malignancies: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Patients with hematologic malignancies often experience pre-existing physical decline, which is further exacerbated during chemotherapy, resulting in markedly reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL). These functional impairments are largely attributable to modifiable factors such as physical inactivity and malnutrition. However, the precise relationships among body composition, physical function, and HRQOL in this population remain insufficiently understood. Therefore, this study aimed to identify key physical determinants of HRQOL in hospitalized patients with hematologic ma