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Is the SHRSP [corrected] strain a suitable model of spontaneous CADASIL?

A number of features of the pathology occurring in spontaneously hypertensive stroke prone rats (SHRSPs), such as MRI brain signal abnormalities, the presence of high protein content in cerebrospinal fluid and vessel wall thickening, seem to indicate that this strain is a suitable model for cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). To explore this hypothesis, we sought the human diagnostic hallmarks of the disease [the accumulation of granular osmiophilic material (GOM) deposits in vessel walls and NOTCH3 gene mutations] in SHRSPs. Ma

Anatomical, pathological, and histological features of experimental respiratory infection of birds by biofilm-forming bacteria Staphylococcus aureus.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The pathogenesis of staphylococcal infections is mediated by virulence factors, such as enzymes, toxins, and biofilms, w … rentiate cells and the intercellular matrix of biofilms. Fixation with vapors of glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide preserves the natural architecture of biofilms under optical and scanning electron microscopy. Pure cultures of S. aureus microorganisms were isolated from the blood, lungs, small intestine, liver, kidneys, and spleen after 5-10 days durin …

Bimetallic complexes based on carboxylate and xanthate ligands: synthesis and electrochemical investigations.

The homobimetallic ruthenium(II) and osmium(II) complexes [{RuR(CO)(PPh(3))(2)}(2)(S(2)COCH(2)C(6)H(4)CH(2)OCS(2))] (R = CH=CHBu(t), CH=CHC(6)H(4)Me-4, C(C[triple bond]CPh)=CHPh, CH=CHCPh(2)OH) and [{Os(CH=CHC(6)H(4)Me-4)(CO)(PPh(3))(2)}(2)(S(2)COCH(2)C(6)H(4)CH(2)OCS(2))] form readily from the reactions of [MRCl(CO)(BTD)(PPh(3))(2)] (M = Ru or Os; BTD = 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) with the dixanthate KS(2)COCH(2)C(6)H(4)CH(2)OCS(2)K. Addition of KS(2)COCH(2)C(6)H(4)CH(2)OCS(2)K to two equivalents of cis-[RuCl(2)(dppm)(2)] leads to the formation of [{(dppm)(2)Ru}(2)(S(2)COCH(2)C(6)H(4)CH(2)OCS(2))…

Intraalveolar bubbles and bubble films: III. Vulnerability and preservation in the laboratory.

BACKGROUND: Having confirmed (Scarpelli et al. 1996. Anat. Rec. 244:344-357 and 246:245-270) the discovery of intraalveolar bubbles and film … of the following procedures in conventional processing dislocated and disrupted bubbles and films: osmium tetroxide and glutaraldehyde:formaldehyde:tannic acid mixture fixation; chemical dehydration (70-100% ethanol) and clarification (xylene and acetone); and embedding in paraffin or epoxy resin. Transection and dicing of the tissue aggravated the unto …

[Preservation of cutaneous structures of egyptian mummies. An ultrastructural study].

INTRODUCTION: The recent development of studies applied to ancient materials may be explained by the application of molecular biology techni … then washed in the same buffer for 10 days. After washing the pieces were post-fixed with 1 p. 100 osmium tetroxyde, dehydrated and embedded in Epoxy medium. RESULTS: With this process, it was possible to observe the excellent preservation of the cutaneous structures. The epidermis was well preserved. It was possible to observe the different cell layer …

Collagen epineurial substitute-assisted neurorrhaphy is superior to conventional end-to-end neurorrhaphy in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are common and may result in profound and persistent functional deficits. Although end-to-end n … ectrophysiological testing for motor recovery to precisely track functional outcomes, together with Osmium staining for myelin and Silver staining for nerve fibres, to further investigate nerve tissue regeneration associated with microenvironmental changes. RESULTS: To test if CES-assisted repair can stabilize the mechanical strength and reduce nerve te …

HISTOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE LYMPHOID STRUCTURES OF THE GASTRIC MUCOUS MEMBRANE IN WHITE RATS WITH THE ADMINISTRATION OF SODIUM GLUTAMATE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine the histological and morphological changes of the lymphoid structures of the stomach in male rats under the … taraldehyde in a 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2-7.4) with subsequent fixation in a 2.0% solution of osmium tetroxide. After dehydration in alcohols and acetone, the material was embedded in eponaraldite. Sections were made on an LKB-8800-III ultramicrotome and studied using a JEM - 100-V microscope. To study the structural components of the lymphoid form …

Modulating glycosphingolipid metabolism and autophagy improves outcomes in pre-clinical models of myeloma bone disease.

Patients with multiple myeloma, an incurable malignancy of plasma cells, frequently develop osteolytic bone lesions that severely impact quality of life and clinical outcomes. Eliglustat, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor, reduced osteoclast-driven bone loss in preclinical in vivo models of myeloma. In combination with zoledronic acid, a bisphosphonate that treats myeloma bone disease, eliglustat provided further protection from bone loss. Autophagic degradation of TRAF3, a key step for osteoclast differentiation, was inhibited by eliglustat as ev

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… To determine whether eliglustat impacted OC formation by suppressing HFD-induced BMAT, tibiae were stained with osmium tetroxide; a heavy metal that binds to lipids allowing imaging via micro-CT 34 . … Osmium tetroxide staining for BMAT Osmium tetroxide stain was used to identify BMAT via micro-CT. Briefly, tibiae were transferred into osmium tetroxide solution for 48 h at room temperature in the fume hood. Then, the tibiae were washed five times with water and embedded in 1% agarose gel. …

Протокол для оценки региональной патологии оптического нерва грызунов с использованием продольных криосекций и поперечной электронной микроскопии.

Визуальная патология была установлена в качестве одной из главных особенностей демиелинизирующих заболеваний, таких, как множественный склероз (MS). Здесь мы представляем протокол для оценки региональной патологии оптического нерва грызунов с использованием продольных криосекций и поперечной электронной микроскопии. Мы описываем шаги для оптического диссекции нерва, постфиксации, обнаружения миелина, сканирования слайда основного белка миелина и анализа демиелинации. Затем мы подробно описываем процедуры пятна антителных флуоресцирующих веществ, анализ микроскопии для передачи электронов (ТЕА)

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… Post-fix optic nerve in 1% osmium tetroxide in water for 60 min. at 4°C. i. Following incubation, wash samples 2 x 5 min. in 0.2 M sodium cacodylate buffer. ii. Rinse 1 x for 5 min. in 2% maleate buffer (pH 5.1). c. … If the myelin appears faint, also check that the osmium tetroxide reagents were fresh and prepared properly. This can also be an artifact of post-processing. Tissue must be handled with care and embedded EM tissue must be cut with a fresh blade to help maintain tissue integrity (See Step 43). …

Different types of amyloid concomitantly present in the same patients.

Different types of amyloid concomitantly present in the same patient is believed to be improbable. We reported four cases of patients with plasma cell disorders who were found to have biopsy proven concomitant different types of amyloid fibrils deposition. We characterized amyloid fibrils using immunogold electron microscopy. There is lack of experience in the treatment of these frail and elderly patients, who are on the threshold between necessity of chemotherapy for AL amyloidosis and necessity to avoid harmful treatment related toxicity. All patients with a systemic amyloid syndrome require

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… /vol.) cacodylate-buffered osmium tetroxide for 2 h at room temperature. Samples were dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol, transferred to propylene oxide and embedded in Epon-Araldite. …

Parthenolide Inhibits the Proliferation of MDA-T32 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Cells in Vitro and in Mouse Tumor Xenografts and Activates Autophagy and Apoptosis by Downregulation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to examine the effects of the sesquiterpene lactone, parthenolide, on migration, autophagy, and apoptosis of MDA-T32 human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells in vitro and in mouse tumor xenografts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cell proliferation and viability of MDA-T32 human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells were determined by MTT assay, and cell migration was studied using a transwell assay. Fluorescence microscopy using acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) staining evaluated apoptosis. Transmission electron microscopy was used to study the effects of parthenolid

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… Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) The MDA-T32 human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells were fixed in the solution of 4% glutaraldehyde and 0.05 M sodium cacodylate, postfixed in 1.5% osmium tetroxide (OsO4), and dehydrated in alcohol. …

Characterization of a rat model of bortezomib-induced painful neuropathy.

Background and purposeBortezomib (Velcade®) is a breakthrough treatment for multiple myeloma, significantly improving patient survival. However, its use is limited by painful neuropathy often resulting in dose reduction/cessation of first-line treatment due to lack of treatment. The aim of this study was to characterize a clinically relevant rat model of bortezomib-induced painful neuropathy, using established evoked measures and novel ethological techniques, to aid drug discovery.Experimental approachAdult male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected i.p. with 0.1 and 0.2 mg·kg-1 bortezomib, or its

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… Axon myelination was investigated using osmium staining conducted by Carl Hobbs; at day 24, sciatic nerve samples were taken from bortezomib and vehicle‐treated animals. … Samples were incubated for 24 h in 10% formalin, before being washed with distilled water three times, and incubation with 0.1% osmium for 2 h at room temperature (RT). Tissue specimens were washed with distilled water for 15 min three times, before being embedded in paraffin wax. …

Животные модели периферической нейропатии, вызванной химиотерапией, для гематологических заболеваний: обзор.

Химиотерапия это one основные виды лечения гематологовых магнестов. Однако периферическая нейропатия, вызванная химиотерапией (CIPN) one Наиболее часто встречающиеся долгосрочные токсичные реакции в химиотерапии, а также случаи CIPN влияют на качество жизни пациентов и могут приводить к прерыванию химиотерапии в тяжелых случаях, снижая тем самым эффективность химиотерапии. В настоящее время мы резюмируем существующие зверские модели CIPN, включая характеристики нескольких общих животных моделей, таких, как периферическая нейропатия, вызванная бортезомибами, периферическая нейропатия, вызванная

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… Osmium absorption after osmium tetroxide skin and eye exposure. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2020;127(5):429‐433. 10.1111/bcpt.13450 80. Albany C, Dockter T, Wolfe E, et al. …

The role of vitamin E in the prevention of zoledronic acid-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: a light and electron microscopy study.

IntroductionBisphosphonates are widely used in metastatic cancer such as prostate and breast cancer, and their nephrotoxic effects have been established previously. In this study we aimed to evaluate both the nephrotoxic effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) and the protective effects of vitamin E (Vit-E) on this process under light and electron microscopy.Material and methodsA total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups. The first group constituted the control group. The second group was given i.v. ZA of 3 mg/kg once every 3 weeks for 12 weeks from the tail vein. The third group

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… Samples were rinsed 3 times in 0.1 M phosphate buffer then post-fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide in 0.1 M phosphate buffer for 1 h at room temperature. Following 3 washes in buffer, specimens were dehydrated in graded ethanol and finally embedded in Araldite. …

Микроглиатоподобные чувствительности ограничивают ремиилизацию через сенсацию, связанную с фенотипом фенория.

Способность регенерировать миелин в центральной нервной системе снижается с возрастом. Это сокращение особенно заметно в случае множественного склероза (MS), хронического заболевания демиелином. Независимо от того, способствует ли клеточная сенсация, являющаяся отличительной чертой старения, нарушению воспоминаний, до сих пор неизвестно. Здесь мы показываем, что яркие клетки накапливаются в демиелинированных повреждениях после травмы, а лечение сенолитами усиливает ремиэлизацию у молодых и средних мышей, но не пожилых мышей. В юных мышах мы наблюдаем за тем, как корректируются стенограммы, свя

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… Lesion tissues were then dissected out and cut into 2 mm x 2 mm sections, washed with cold cacodylate buffer (2 mM calcium chloride), and then incubated in osmium solution for 1 h on ice. … Tissues were then washed with ddH 2 O, incubated with 1% thiocarbohydrazide (TCH) solution (Ted Pella) for 20 min at RT, washed again with ddH 2 O, incubated with 2% osmium tetroxide for 30 min at RT, washed with ddH 2 O, and then incubated with 1% uranyl acetate at 4 °C overnight. …

Potential of histone deacetylase 6 inhibitors in alleviating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.

BackgroundHistone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), belonging to class IIb of histone deacetylases, regulates the acetylation of the cytoplasmic protein α-tubulin. The overexpression of HDAC6 is linked to the development of tumors, and inhibiting HDAC6 is known to trigger apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. In addition to its application in cancer treatment, bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, is widely used in managing multiple myeloma and has shown effectiveness in patients with both newly diagnosed and relapsed disease. However, the treatment regimen may be delayed or discontinued due to the risk of

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… Sciatic nerves were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and subsequently post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide. The samples were then dehydrated through a graded ethanol series and embedded in epoxy resin. …

Postmenopausal women with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis show different ultrastructural characteristics of trabecular bone of the femoral head.

BackgroundOsteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) are public health diseases affecting the quality of life of the elderly, and bring about a heavy burden to the society and family of patients. It has been debated whether or not there is an inverse relationship between these two disorders.MethodsTo compare the exact difference in bone tissue structure between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis, we observed the ultrastructure of trabecular bone from the femoral heads using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A total of 15 femoral head specimens from post

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… All specimens were fixed with 2% glutaraldehyde solution, washed with 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer, and post-fixed with 1% osmium tetroxide. After dehydrating with an alcohol gradient series, different protocol was performed for SEM and TEM procedures. …

Липидированные мезофорные наночастицы, нагруженные тимокиноном, в качестве нового метода лечения аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита у крыс.

AIMS: Пересечение мозгового барьера (BBB) по-прежнему является серьезной проблемой для доставки терапевтических агентов в центральную нервную систему. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить потенциал новых наноформуляционных силикатных силиканочастиц (MSN), покрытых липидным двуслойным слоем (LB), с тем чтобы повысить уровень доставки и потенциальное ремиелионирующее воздействие тимокинона (TQ). МЕТОДЫ: Составы характеризовались микроскопией передачи электронов и динамическим рассеиванием света для определения потенциала зета и размера частиц. Экспериментальная аутоиммунная энце

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… Small-sized Spinal cord and sciatic nerve specimens were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer and then post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide for 1 h. … The specimens were cleaned in a pH 7.2; 0.1 M cacodylate buffer and then post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide for 1.5 h at room temperature. …

Phosphodiesterase 7: a potential novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Chemoresistance and disease relapses in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated phosphodiesterase 7A (PDE7A) as a potential target in ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS: Gene expression was performed by RNA sequencing data comparing high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and fallopian tube samples. The PDE7 inhibitor BRL 50481, alone or combined with paclitaxel (PTX), was tested in drug-sensitive A2780 and multi-resistant OVCAR3 cells by Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. To validate data from the high

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… Fixed cells were washed twice for 5 min each with PBS 1x pH 7.2 (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), post-fixed with 1% (w/v) osmium tetroxide (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and 0.8% (w/v) potassium ferricyanide (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), washed three times with the same buffer and dehydrated for 20 min each in increasing … The material was fixed for 2 h at room temperature using 2.5% (w/v) glutaraldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), 2% (w/v) formaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and cacodylate buffer 0.1M pH 7.2 and post-fixed for 20 min in a 1:1 1% (w/v) solution of osmium tetroxide (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and 0.8% (w/v …

Высоконасыщенная, длинноцепная жирная кислотная кетогенная диета негативно влияет на визуальную и моторно-сенсорную функцию в предклинической модели множественного склероза.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой нейродегенеративное состояние, приводящее к демилеляции центральной нервной системы. Визуальное расстройство, уменьшение слоя сетчатки нервно-паралитического слоя и нарушение электрической функции в клетках сетчатки на протяжении всего периода развития болезни являются полезными маркерами успеха лечения. Текущие исследования, посвященные изучению воздействия кетогенного рациона (КД) в качестве котерапии, показывают многообещающие антивоспалительные свойства, однако исследования по-прежнему ограничены различиями в экспериментальной структу

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… Briefly, optic nerves were fixed with 1% osmium, dehydrated in an ethanol series, penetrated with a series of propylene oxide (Sigma 110205)/Eponate 812 resin (18010, Ted Pella Inc., Redding, CA, USA), then embedded in Eponate 812 resin. …