Результаты поиска

Accuracy of type 2 inflammatory biomarkers to diagnose asthma in adults and children: a meta-analysis of 30 studies with prospective validation in an adult primary care cohort.

BACKGROUND: Asthma diagnosis is challenging, partly due to low yield of bronchodilator reversibility and limited access to bronchial provocation tests (BPTs). Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophil count (BEC) have been proposed as rule-in biomarkers. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers in adults and children, focusing on primary care applicability. METHODS: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINEand other databases from inception to June 4, 2024, for eligible diagnostic studies (randomised trials, cohort, cross-sectio

[A real world study of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody in the treatment of allergic united airway disease].

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of anti-IgE monoclonal antibody (omazumab) in the treatment of allergic united airway disease (UAD) in the real-wold. Methods: Retrospective cohort study summarizes the case data of patients with allergic united airway disease who were treated with anti IgE monoclonal antibody (omalizumab) for more than 16 weeks from March 1, 2018 to June 30, 2022 in the Peking University First Hospital.The allergic UAD is defined as allergic asthma combined with allergic rhinitis (AA+AR) or allergic asthma combined with chronic sinusitis with nasal po

A randomised controlled study of the effectiveness of breathing retraining exercises taught by a physiotherapist either by instructional DVD or in face-to-face sessions in the management of asthma in adults.

BACKGROUND: Asthma control is suboptimal, resulting in quality of life (QoL) impairment and costs. Breathing retraining exercises have evidence of effectiveness as adjuvant treatment, but are infrequently used. OBJECTIVES: To transfer the contents of a brief (three-session) physiotherapist-delivered breathing retraining programme to a digital versatile disc (DVD) and booklet format; to compare the effectiveness of the self-guided intervention with that of 'face-to-face' physiotherapy and usual care for QoL and other asthma-related outcomes; to perform a health economic assessment of both inte

Intermittent versus daily inhaled corticosteroids for persistent asthma in children and adults.

BACKGROUND: Daily inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the recommended mainstay of treatment in children and adults with persistent asthma. Yet often, ICS are used intermittently by patients or recommended by physicians to be used only at the onset of exacerbations. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to compare the efficacy and safety of intermittent versus daily ICS in the management of children and adults with persistent asthma and preschool-aged children suspected of persistent asthma. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register of trials (CAGR) and the Cl

Корреляции между усталостью, дыхательной функцией, балансом и мышечной морфологией в множестве склероза: всеобъемлющее исследование наблюдений.

В последнее время научный интерес был сосредоточен на изучении потенциальной взаимосвязи между усталостью, дыхательной функцией и балансом по различным предметам склероза (МС). Хотя некоторые исследования свидетельствуют о том, что усталость может оказывать воздействие на дыхательную функцию и послеуровую стабильность, точный характер этих ассоциаций все еще находится в стадии изучения. Ультразвуковая съемка все чаще используется для изучения структурных и функциональных характеристик сердечных мышц, с тем чтобы лучше понять, как эти переменные могут быть взаимосвязаны. Понимание этих ассоциац

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Images were captured immediately at the end of exhalation ( 47 ). Three measurements were taken at the same point for each participant to calculate the average. … Measurements were taken at the end of a quiet exhalation without forcing and at the end of a forced exhalation ( 48 ). Balance The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used to measure balance through functional abilities in standing. …

Effects of pre-transplant chest physical therapy on spirometric values and respiratory muscle strength in patients waiting for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a randomized controlled trial.

IntroductionMany noninfectious pulmonary complications occur immediately within the first few weeks after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of chest physical therapy (CPT) performed during the pre-transplant period in terms of spirometric values and respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in patients waiting for allo-HSCT.Material and methodsFifty patients aged 40 to 55 years who were scheduled for allo-HSCT were randomly allocated into two equal-sized groups, a CPT group and a control group. The CPT group (n = 25) received CPT

[Study on the characteristics of Aspergillus fumigatus-sensitized asthma and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis].

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of Aspergillus fumigatus(A.f)-sensitized asthma and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), which provides a foundation for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of A.f-sensitized asthma and ABPA, as well as the prevention of ABPA. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective case-control study. Collected the clinical data of patients who visited the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to May 2022.A total of 122 patients were included, including 64 mal

Composite type-2 biomarker strategy versus a symptom-risk-based algorithm to adjust corticosteroid dose in patients with severe asthma: a multicentre, single-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Asthma treatment guidelines recommend increasing corticosteroid dose to control symptoms and reduce exacerbations. This approach is potentially flawed because symptomatic asthma can occur without corticosteroid responsive type-2 (T2)-driven eosinophilic inflammation, and inappropriately high-dose corticosteroid treatment might have little therapeutic benefit with increased risk of side-effects. We compared a biomarker strategy to adjust corticosteroid dose using a composite score of T2 biomarkers (fractional exhaled nitric oxide [FENO], blood eosinophils, and serum periostin) with

The SNAP trial: a randomised placebo-controlled trial of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnancy--clinical effectiveness and safety until 2 years after delivery, with economic evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Smoking during pregnancy causes many adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective for cessation outside pregnancy but efficacy and safety in pregnancy are unknown. We hypothesised that NRT would increase smoking cessation in pregnancy without adversely affecting infants. OBJECTIVES: To compare (1) at delivery, the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness for achieving biochemically validated smoking cessation of NRT patches with placebo patches in pregnancy and (2) in infants at 2 years of age, the effects of maternal NRT patch use wit

Resolving the Complexity: A Comprehensive Review on Carbon Monoxide Diffusion Capacity in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.

This review comprehensively examines the intricate relationship between carbon monoxide (CO) diffusion capacity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD, comprising chronic bronchitis and emphysema, presents a substantial global health burden, necessitating a nuanced understanding of pulmonary function parameters for effective diagnosis and management. The review delves into the physiological underpinnings, measurement techniques, and factors influencing CO diffusion capacity, emphasizing its pivotal role in assessing alveolar gas exchange efficiency. Key findings elucidate corre

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… The single-breath technique, commonly used, involves inhaling a small CO amount and holding the breath for 10 seconds before exhalation [ 8 ], the steady-state technique requires inhaling a low CO concentration for extended periods, and the rebreathing technique involves re-inhaling a CO and gas mixture … Alternatively, measuring the exhaled gas from the subject before inhaling the test gas offers an optional calculation method [ 28 ]. A crucial requirement in this process is the need for gas analyzer drift to be ≤10 ppm over 30 seconds for CO and ≤0.5% of full scale over the same duration [ 28 ]. …

Intermittent versus daily inhaled corticosteroids for persistent asthma in children and adults.

BACKGROUND: Daily inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the recommended mainstay of treatment in children and adults with persistent asthma. However, often, ICS are used intermittently by patients or recommended by physicians to be used only at the onset of exacerbations. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to compare the efficacy and safety of intermittent versus daily ICS in the management of children and adults with persistent asthma and preschool-aged children suspected of persistent asthma. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register of trials (CAGR) and t

[Expression Levels and Clinical Significance of Serum IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13 and IL-17 in Children With Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection Accompanied by Airway Hyperresponsiveness].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the expression levels and the clinical significance of serum interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13 and IL-17 in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection accompanied by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). METHODS: A total of 120 children diagnosed with MP infection pneumonia and admitted to Nantong First People's Hospital between June 2022 and April 2024 were enrolled in the study group. According to whether their MP infection pneumonia was accompanied by AHR, the participants were divided into an AHR group (n = 41) and a non-AHR group (n = 79). An additional 90 h

[Retrospective analysis of 55 cases of spring thunderstorm asthma in Chongqing City].

To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics and allergen profiles of Spring Thunderstorm Asthma in Chongqing City, and to provide insights for prevention and management of thunderstorm asthma in this region. Medical records of asthma patients who visited the Department of Allergy, Department of Emergency and Department of Respiratory of Chongqing General Hospital within 72 hours after the thunderstorm on April 1, 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Data on demographics, clinical symptoms/signs, history of allergic diseases, family history, and laboratory findings (including pulmona

The Effect of Relaxation Technique on Fatigue Levels after Stem Cell Transplant.

BackgroundMany patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) experience fatigue due to their disease process and its long period of treatment. Using nonpharmacological methods to help reduce their fatigue is a reasonable endeavor. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Benson's relaxation technique on fatigue levels in patients after HSCT.Materials and methodsThirty-seven patients were randomly selected to the intervention (n = 19) and control group (n = 18). In the intervention group, the participants performed Benson's relaxation exercises for 20 min twi

Atezolizumab alleviates the immunosuppression induced by PD‑L1‑positive neutrophils and improves the survival of mice during sepsis.

BACKGROUND: Until recently, tumors of the clivus and the anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa were considered extremely difficult to access and often inoperable using standard transcranial approaches. With the introduction into the neurosurgical practice of minimally invasive methods utilizing endoscopic techniques, it became possible to effectively remove hard-to-reach tumors, including central tumors of the anterior region of the posterior cranial fossa. METHODS: From 2008 to the present time, the inpatient institution has operated on 140 patients with various tumors of the base o

[European Resuscitation Council guidelines for resuscitation 2010].

All rescuers trained or not, should provide chest compressions to victims of cardiac arrest. The aim should be to push to a depth of at least 5 cm at a rate of at least 100 compressions per minute, to allow full chest recoil, and to minimise interruptions in chest compressions. Trained rescuers should also provide ventilations with a compression-ventilation ratio of 30:2. ELECTRICAL THERAPIES: Much greater emphasis on minimising the duration of the pre-shock and post-shock pauses; the continuation of compressions during charging of the defibrillator is recommended. Further development of AED p

Association of p-phenylenediamine exposure with alterations of pulmonary function, pruritus and health-related quality of life in hair dye factory workers: a cross-sectional study.

P-Phenylenediamine (PPD) is a common component of hair dye, which can cause skin contact allergy and asthma with impaired pulmonary function. However, the adverse effects of occupational exposure to different dose PPD was rarely mentioned. We recruited 124 workers from a hair dye factory to explore the association of occupational PPD exposure on pulmonary function, pruritus and health related quality of life (HRQL). We categorized exposure to PPD into 3 levels: lower exposure group (< 0.00001 mg/m3); middle exposure group (0.00001-0.00033 mg/m3); higher exposure group (0.00033-0.047 mg/m3). Th

DNA Methylation Cancer Biomarkers: Translation to the Clinic.

Carcinogenesis is accompanied by widespread DNA methylation changes within the cell. These changes are characterized by a globally hypomethylated genome with focal hypermethylation of numerous 5'-cytosine-phosphate-guanine-3' (CpG) islands, often spanning gene promoters and first exons. Many of these epigenetic changes occur early in tumorigenesis and are highly pervasive across a tumor type. This allows DNA methylation cancer biomarkers to be suitable for early detection and also to have utility across a range of areas relevant to cancer detection and treatment. Such tests are also simple in

Воздействие телереабилитации на физическую функцию и повседневную жизнь пациентов с амиотрофным боковым склерозом: обзор аналитического исследования.

[Целевая цель] Это исследование было направлено на разъяснение последствий телереабилитации для физической функции и повседневной жизни пациентов с амиотрофным боковым склерозом с помощью обзора литературы. [Участники и методы] Мы провели обзор аналитического исследования на основе руководящих принципов отчетности по предпочтительным позициям для системных обзоров и мета-анализов (ПРИСМА) для скопирования обзоров. Были проведены обыски баз данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science и ProQuest. Из выбранной литературы были извлечены такие данные, как структура, тип мероприятий, методы телереабилитац

Asthma symptoms, severity, and control with and without a clinical diagnosis of asthma in early adolescence in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country, school-based, cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Rapid urbanisation and population growth in sub-Saharan Africa has increased the incidence of asthma in children and adolescents. One major barrier to achieving good asthma control in these adolescents is obtaining a clinical diagnosis. To date, there are scant data on prevalence and severity of asthma in undiagnosed yet symptomatic adolescents. We therefore aimed to assess symptom prevalence and severity, the effect of symptoms on daily life, and objective evidence of asthma in young adolescents from sub-Saharan Africa with and without a clinical diagnosis of asthma by spirometry