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Combined spatial metabolomics and 4D-DIA quantitative proteomics approaches to explore the relationship between lung cancer and the heart.

Lung cancer and cardiovascular disease pose persistent threats to human health, despite advancements in targeted therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, and drug treatments. Challenges such as side effects, drug resistance, hospitalization rates, and mortality remain high. These diseases are closely linked, sharing common risk factors and intricately influencing each other. This study aims to investigate the interplay between lung disease and cardiovascular disease by examining changes in cardiac metabolites and protein expression using spatial metabolomics and 4D-DIA quantitative proteom

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… Subsequently, the samples underwent sonication three times on ice, using a high-intensity ultrasonic processor in a lysis buffer consisting of 8 M urea supplemented with 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and 2 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). … Following sonication, any remaining debris was removed by centrifugation at 15,000 g at 4 °C for 10 min. Finally, the protein concentration was determined using a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) kit, following the manufacturer’s instructions. …

Processes and therapeutic perspectives of acylation modifications of lysine and cysteine in tumors.

Acylation modification plays a crucial role in tumor progression through altering protein homeostasis and localization. However, a comprehensive summary of these processes is lacking. Protein acylation modifications are comprehensively summarized and categorized based on the amino acids that are modified. This review focuses on modifications of the lysine (acetylation, succinylation, crotonylation, malonylation, and glutarylation) and cysteine (myristoylation and palmitoylation) groups. The key enzymes involved in the occurrence and erasure of different modifications, as well as their effects

The multiple biological activities of hyperoside: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic perspectives in neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases.

In recent years, hyperoside (quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside) has garnered significant attention due to its diverse biological effects, which include vasoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. Notably, hyperoside has shown remarkable potential in cancer therapy by targeting multiple mechanisms; it induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation, blocks angiogenesis, and reduces the metastatic potential of cancer cells. Furthermore, hyperoside enhances the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy by modulating key signaling pathways. Beyond neoplastic diseases,

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… It reduces the release of inflammatory factors by influencing various signaling pathways, including the Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as well as the Wnt/β-catenin and Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathways ( Jin et al., 2016 ; Huang J. et al., 2021 ; Yang … The dried film is then hydrated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or ultrapure water, and nanoscale liposomes are prepared via sonication. Encapsulation efficiency and drug loading are assessed using HPLC to optimize formulation parameters. …

Пересадка глиальных клеток человека в муринные мозги: систематический обзор эффективности и безопасности в нейродегенеративных расстройствах.

Справочная информация: Нейродегенеративные заболевания затрагивают миллионы людей во всем мире. С годами исследования мозга были сосредоточены главным образом на нейронах, но сейчас внимание перемещается на глиальные клетки, вспомогательные клетки мозга, которые играют жизненно важную роль в нейродегенеративных расстройствах. Таким образом, трансплантация глиальных клеток представляет собой новаторский подход к лечению различных нейродегенеративных расстройств, способных восстановить нейронную функцию. Мы провели оценку терапевтической эффективности трансплантации человеческих глиальных клеток

Decompression, an Unusual Treatment Option for Multicystic Ameloblastoma: Concepts and Controversies.

Background: The most common odontogenic tumor is the solid ameloblastoma. This is concerning due to the progressive bone destruction in its intraosseous variant; this type of pathology often gets a delayed diagnosis due to the asymptomatic characteristic it has. Objective: The aim of the article is to propose a conservative treatment for multicystic ameloblastoma, reviewing the latest concepts, controversies, and treatment options described in the literature. Case Report: A patient arrives to our department with a diagnosis of unicystic ameloblastoma, so decompression and subsequent enucleatio

Targeting BRD4: Potential therapeutic strategy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Review).

As a member of BET (bromodomain and extra-terminal) protein family, BRD4 (bromodomain‑containing protein 4) is a chromatin‑associated protein that interacts with acetylated histones and actively recruits regulatory proteins, leading to the modulation of gene expression and chromatin remodeling. The cellular and epigenetic functions of BRD4 implicate normal development, fibrosis and inflammation. BRD4 has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target as it is often overexpressed and plays a critical role in regulating gene expression programs that drive tumor cell proliferation, survival, mi

Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery to Cancer Stem Cells: A Review of Recent Advances.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subpopulation of cells that can initiate, self-renew, and sustain tumor growth. CSCs are responsible for tumor metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance in cancer therapy. CSCs reside within a niche maintained by multiple unique factors in the microenvironment. These factors include hypoxia, excessive levels of angiogenesis, a change of mitochondrial activity from aerobic aspiration to aerobic glycolysis, an upregulated expression of CSC biomarkers and stem cell signaling, and an elevated synthesis of the cytochromes P450 family of enzymes responsible for drug

PRMT5: An Emerging Target for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

The overall survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains poor and its incidence is rising. Targetable mutations in PDAC are rare, thus novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) overexpression is associated with worse survival and inhibition of PRMT5 results in decreased cancer growth across multiple cancers, including PDAC. Emerging evidence also suggests that altered RNA processing is a driver in PDAC tumorigenesis and creates a partial dependency on this process. PRMT5 inhibition induces altered splicing and this vulnerability can be

Cancer Stem Cells: The Potential Targets of Chinese Medicines and Their Active Compounds.

The pivotal role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the initiation and progression of malignancies has been rigorously validated, and the specific methods for identifying and isolating the CSCs from the parental cancer population have also been rapidly developed in recent years. This review aims to provide an overview of recent research progress of Chinese medicines (CMs) and their active compounds in inhibiting tumor progression by targeting CSCs. A great deal of CMs and their active compounds, such as Antrodia camphorate, berberine, resveratrol, and curcumin have been shown to regress CSCs, in t

Cystatin M/E Ameliorates Multiple Myeloma-Induced Hyper Osteolytic Bone Resorption.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of terminally differentiated B-cells that is localized primarily in the bone marrow (BM) but also can be present in peripheral blood and tissue/organs [...].

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… Protein was isolated from vertebrae by homogenization with RIPA buffer (Solarbio) followed by sonication. Protein concentrations were found for lysates using BCA assay, and for each treatment, samples were pooled. Final concentration for each pooled sample was 1.94 mg/mL. … Western Blots To analyze ERα protein expression, total protein from each sample was first isolated from L3 to L5 vertebrae by homogenization with RIPA buffer (Solarbio) followed by sonication. Protein concentrations were found for lysates using BCA assay. …

Cancer stem cells in esophageal squamous cell cancer.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are hypothesized to govern the origin, progression, drug resistance, recurrence and metastasis of human cancer. CSCs have been identified in nearly all types of human cancer, including esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Four major methods are typically used to isolate or enrich CSCs, including: i) fluorescence-activated cell sorting or magnetic-activated cell sorting using cell-specific surface markers; ii) stem cell markers, including aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A1; iii) side population cell phenotype markers; and iv) microsphere culture methods. ESCC

Targeting hedgehog signaling in myelofibrosis and other hematologic malignancies.

Treatment of myelofibrosis (MF), a BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm, is challenging. The only current potentially curative option, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, is recommended for few patients. The remaining patients are treated with palliative therapies to manage MF-related anemia and splenomegaly. Identification of a mutation in the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) gene (JAK2 V617F) in more than half of all patients with MF has prompted the discovery and clinical development of inhibitors that target JAK2. Although treatment with JAK2 inhibitors has been shown to improve sy

Иммуномодулирующий потенциал токсоплазмы гонди лизата в C57BL/6 модели мыши аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита.

Множественный склероз (MS) — изнурительное аутоиммунное заболевание, характеризующееся хроническим воспалением и обезвоживанием в центральной нервной системе. Иммунотерапия является одним из важнейших элементов борьбы с симптомами и прогрессированием MS. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить иммуномуляторное воздействие токсоплазмы гонди лизат антигенов (ТЛА) в модели мыши C57BL/6 экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита (EAE). Восемнадцать мышей были произвольно отнесены к трем группам: здоровый контроль, мыши, вызванные EAE, и мыши, вызванные EAE, обработанные TLA. Еж

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… Briefly, the fluid was centrifuged at 500 ×  g for 15 min, and tachyzoites were lysed through a series of freeze–thaw cycles followed by sonication (20 s at 4 °C). …

Epidemiological study of the subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis listed in the Annual of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan.

Clinical presentation of systemic amyloidosis differs among subtypes, and accurate subtype classification is important for choosing the treatment. Amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis was the predominant among the recently consulted amyloidosis cases in Japan. To reveal the latest subtype frequency of systemic amyloidosis among autopsy cases in Japan. We analyzed systemic amyloidosis cases autopsied from January 2017 to December 2018, that were listed in the Annuals of the Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan, Volumes 60 and 61. When the subtype was unclear, we performed a questionnaire sur

Factors affecting outcome in the treatment of streptococcal periprosthetic joint infections: results from a single-centre retrospective cohort study.

PurposeTo report and analyse factors affecting the outcome of streptococcal periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs).MethodsA retrospective analysis of consecutive streptococcal PJIs was performed. Musculoskeletal Infection Society 2013 criteria were used. Outcome was compared with a prospective PJI cohort from the same institution.ResultsThe most common isolated streptococcal species was Streptococcus dysgalactiae (9/22, 41%) among 22 patients included. Surgical treatment consisted of DAIR (debridement, antibiotics, irrigation and retention) in 12 (55%), one-stage revision arthroplasty in one (

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… Table 2 Microbiological findings of 22 streptococcal periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) in our study, summarized after synovial and sonication fluid, tissue biopsies, as well as blood cultures Nr number, UTI urinary tract infection, DAIR debridement, antibiotics, irrigation and retention, n/a not …

CXCL13 Повреждает позвоночник крови, поощряя RNF6/Sqstm1-Ubictiination.

Повреждение позвоночника крови (BSCB) приводит к нарушению иммунной микроокружающей среды в центральной нервной системе во время развития множественного склероза (MS) и экспериментального аллергического энцефаломиэлита (EAE). Тем не менее основные механизмы, связанные с повреждением барьера, по-прежнему недостаточно изучены. Здесь, анализируя белковые профили в периферической сыворотке крови, хемокин (C-X-C motif) Ligand 13 (CXCL13) был определен как возрастающий по мере развития MS и EAE. Отсутствие CXCL13 привело к снижению симптомов EAE, о чем свидетельствует сокращение числа клинических оц

APOE4 ослабляет липофагическую липофагию и поощряет демиэлизацию спиральных ганглионов в мышином кохлее.

АпоЭ-4 Ген представляет собой прочно установившийся генетический фактор риска для нейродегенеративных заболеваний, таких, как болезнь Альцгеймера и множественный склероз, которые характеризуются аксонной демиелинацией в центральной нервной системе. В недавних исследованиях были замешаны АпоЕ-4 в связи с возрастной потерей слуха (ARHL), что предполагает потенциальную роль изоформы APOE4 в дегенерации периферической нервной системы. Однако роль APOE4 в ARHL по-прежнему не ясна. В этом исследовании мы изучили потенциальную роль APOE4 в аксонной демиелиции спиральных ганглионов (SGN). АпоЭ-4/ __4

Whole genome sequencing in adults with clinical hallmarks of hypophosphatasia negative for ALPL variants.

BackgroundHypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare disease caused by deficient activity of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP), encoded by the ALPL gene. The primary objective was to explore novel ALPL variants by whole genome sequencing (WGS) in patients with HPP who previously tested negative by standard methods for ALPL variants. The secondary objective was to search for genes beyond ALPL that may reduce ALP activity or contribute to HPP symptoms.Methods and resultsWGS was performed in 16 patients clinically diagnosed with HPP who had ALP activity below the normal range and tested negativ

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… After fragmentation of genomic DNA by sonication, Illumina adapters were ligated to generate fragments for subsequent sequencing on the HiSeqX platform (Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA) to yield an average coverage depth of more than 30X. …

Targeting Notch-1 positive acute leukemia cells by novel fucose-bound liposomes carrying daunorubicin.

Complete remission by induction therapy in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) can be achieved due to improvements in supportive and optimized therapy. However, more than 20% of patients will still need to undergo salvage therapy, and most will have a poor prognosis. Determining the specificity of drugs to leukemia cells is important since this will maximize the dose of chemotherapeutic agents that can be administered to AML patients. In turn, this would be expected to lead to reduced drug toxicity and its increased efficacy. We targeted Notch-1 positive AML cells utilizing fucose-bound liposomes

Bortezomib treatment causes long-term testicular dysfunction in young male mice.

BackgroundWith increased long-term survivors of childhood cancer patients, therapy-associated infertility has become one of the most common late side-effects and significantly affects their life-quality. Therefore, evaluation of anti-cancer agents on male reproduction and infertility prevention are urgently demanding. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib has been launched in clinical trials for childhood cancers, however, its potential side effects on reproduction have so far been neither investigated experimentally nor reported in treated children. Thus the present study is designed to explore

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… Briefly, testicular tissues (30–50 mg) obtained from individual mice were homogenized by sonication (2 × 20 sec.) in a sodium phosphate buffer and then centrifuged at 10.000 × g for 10 min. …