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Visuo-vestibular integration for self-motion: human cortical area V6 prefers forward and congruent stimuli.

The integration of visual and vestibular input is crucial for self-motion. Information from both sensory systems merges early in the central nervous system. Among the numerous cortical areas involved in processing this information, some (V6 and the ventral intraparietal area -VIP) respond specifically to vestibular anteroposterior information. A series of experiments were carried out to further understand the involvement of these and other areas in self-motion processing when vestibular and visual information are combined with varying congruence and direction parameters. Fifteen subjects under…

Flexible computation of object motion and depth based on viewing geometry inferred from optic flow.

We move our eyes and head to sample the visual environment. While these movements are essential for survival, they greatly complicate the analysis of retinal image motion. Our brain must account for the visual consequences of self-motion to perceive the 3D layout and motion of objects in a scene. We show that traditional models of visual compensation for eye movements fail when the eye both translates and rotates, and we propose a theory that computes both motion and depth in more natural viewing geometries. Consistent with our theoretical predictions, humans exhibit distinct perceptual biases…

Ion-conductive hydrogel sensor prepared with alginate crosslinker for wide-range motion and temperature monitoring.

Flexible wearable electronic devices have gained widespread attention due to their comfort and real-time information transmission capabilities. However, they often exhibit poor stretchability, low sensitivity, and limited functionality, which restricts their practical applications. Herein, a conductive hydrogel (PNAL, a polymer synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol, nipaam, acrylic acid, and lithium chloride) that responds to both strain and temperature simultaneously was developed using a natural polysaccharide composite (SA-AGE) synthesized from sodium alginate (SA) and allyl glycidyl ether (AG

Depth sensor technology in facial movement analysis: A comparative evaluation with marker-based motion analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the reliability and agreement of depth sensor technology compared to marker-based motion analysis for facial movement assessment. Depth sensors, such as the Kinect-V2, offer a non-invasive alternative, but their accuracy in facial kinematics remains uncertain. METHOD: 100 healthy participants (50 male, 50 female) performed six facial movements- opening -mouth, smiling, eyebrow-lifting, forced-eye-closure, whistling, and frowning. These were recorded simultaneously using a marker-based motion system and a Kinect-V2 depth sensor. Data were analyzed for asymmetry,…

Visually induced motion sickness correlates with on-road car sickness while performing a visual task.

Previous literature suggests that the motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire (MSSQ) is inadequate for prediction of motion sickness under naturalistic driving conditions. In this study, we investigated whether visually induced motion sickness using a virtual reality headset could be used as a quick and reliable way to predict participant susceptibility. We recruited 22 participants to complete a two-part experiment. In randomised order, we determined their susceptibility to visual motion sickness and their susceptibility to car sickness. To determine visual susceptibility, the visual sce…

Early detection of subclinical ketosis and clinical diseases in dairy cows using peripartum motion activity.

Early detection of metabolic diseases like subclinical ketosis (SCK) and other disorders is crucial for animal welfare and economic efficiency. Automated monitoring systems become increasingly important here. This study examined motion activity of cows around calving and its suitability for early detection of SCK and clinical disorders. Activity data of 136 cows were collected over two weeks before to three weeks after calving and analyzed alongside blood test results for beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA). Cows were categorized as clinically sick (S) or healthy (H), with group H further subdivid…

Multifunctional self-healing hemicellulose-based hydrogel for antimicrobial wound dressings and motion-responsive wearable sensing.

An ideal wound dressing should possess excellent biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and mechanical robustness. Herein, we report a mu … cavenging efficiency. In vitro assays demonstrate good cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and promotion of fibroblast migration, indicating strong potential for wound healing applications. Beyond its biomedical performance, the HPP hydrogel also exhibits strain sensitivity and durability under repeated mechanical deformation, enabling precise monitori …

A randomized comparative trial: Relative motion vs metacarpophalangeal joint blocking orthoses for trigger finger management.

BACKGROUND: Metacarpophalangeal joint blocking orthoses are used for managing trigger finger, with limited intervention evidence for relative motion orthoses. PURPOSE: This 6-week trial evaluated the effectiveness of metacarpophalangeal joint blocking and relative motion orthoses for managing trigger finger severity, function, occupational performance/satisfaction, and orthosis wearability. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized comparative trial, ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05763017). METHODS: Thirty-six participants with no prior trigger finger intervention and ≥ 21 years old were randomly assigned to the r…

Investigation of transient severe motion artifacts on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: frequency and risk factors.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency and independent risk factors associated with transient severe motion artifact (TSM) during the arterial phase of gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MRI in a Southeast Asian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 836 consecutive studies who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI between October 2022 and October 2024 at a tertiary academic hospital. Two abdominal radiologists reviewed arterial phase images and graded motion artifacts using a validated 5-point scale; grades 4 and 5 were classified as TSM. Clinical and laboratory data wer…

Left Atrial Mitral Valve Chordae Which Disturbed the Mitral Leaflet Motion and Induced Mitral Regurgitation.

Left atrial mitral valve chorda (LAMVC) is a rare congenital cardiac anomaly. The abnormal tissue band, like a mitral valve chorda, is attached to the left atrial wall on one side and mostly to the mitral valve leaflet on the other side and the band sometimes disturbs the mitral leaflet motion, followed by mitral regurgitation (MR). We encountered a case with a LAMVC which originated from a papillary muscle and attached to the posterior mitral annulus over the posterior leaflet and caused MR due to restricted mitral leaflet motion.

Изучение социальной когниции при многоразовом склерозе: влияет ли имплицитная биологическая обработка движения на пространственно-территориальное внимание?

Восприятие биологического движения (БМ) имеет решающее значение для понимания социальных признаков. Ограниченное число движущихся световых точек, похожих на движущегося человека, может указывать на информацию о социальных намерениях, что позволяет привлечь внимание. Эта способность предсказывать намерения других со стороны BM-образа относится к социальной когниции, способности, ослабленной несколькими неврологическими заболеваниями. Как и в случае пациентов с множественным склерозом (MS), которые страдают расстройством в виуо-пространственном внимании и социальном когнитивировании, мы стремимс

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The perception of Biological Motion (BM) is critical for understanding social cues. A limited number of moving light dots resembling a moving individual, can suggest social intention information, providing an attentional orienting. This ability to predict other's intentions from BM cues refers to social cognition, an ability impaired in several neurological …

Tracking Upper Limb Motion via Wearable Solutions: Systematic Review of Research From 2011 to 2023.

BACKGROUND: The development of wearable solutions for tracking upper limb motion has gained research interest over the past decade. This paper provides a systematic review of related research on the type, feasibility, signal processing techniques, and feedback of wearable systems for tracking upper limb motion, mostly in rehabilitation applications, to understand and monitor human movement. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to investigate how wearables are used to capture upper limb functions, especially related to clinical and rehabilitation applications. METHODS: A systematic literatur…

Margin derivation from intrafraction patient motion of multi-target, single isocentre, brain stereotactic radiosurgery treatments.

BACKGROUND: Brain metastases are the most common intracranial malignancy and remain a substantial source of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Linear accelerator based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is widely used and is frequently delivered by hypo-fractionnated volumetric modulated arc therapy using non-coplanar beams, where geometric accuracy and planning margins are a major concern. PURPOSE: To give a practical analysis of intrafraction patient motion for multi-target, single isocentre, brain SRS treatments and to derive adapted GTV-to-PTV margins. METHODS: Data of 154 lesions,…

Quantitative Analysis of Small Intestinal Motility in 3D Cine-MRI Using Centerline-Aware Motion Estimation.

BACKGROUND: Currently available tools for noninvasive motility quantification of the small intestine are limited to dynamic 2D MRI scans, which are limited in their ability to differentiate between types of intestinal motility. PURPOSE: To develop a method for quantification and characterization of small intestinal motility in 3D, capable of differentiating motile, non-motile and peristaltic motion patterns. STUDY TYPE: Prospective. SUBJECTS: Fourteen healthy volunteers (127 small intestinal segments) and 10 patients with Crohn's disease (87 small intestinal segments). FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUE…

Norepinephrine and Dobutamine-Induced Dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Caused by Systolic Anterior Motion.

This study presents a case of norepinephrine and dobutamine-induced dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) caused by systolic anterior motion (SAM) in a patient experiencing acute anterior myocardial infarction (MI). In a 76-year-old patient presenting with acute MI, intensive use of norepinephrine and dobutamine may lead to the development of dynamic LVOTO and SAM. The presence of hypotension and a new cardiac murmur may suggest a mechanical complication such as acute mitral regurgitation (MR) or ventricular septal rupture (VSR). The assessment of the left ventricular outf…

Abdominal MR Multitasking for radiotherapy treatment planning: A motion-resolved and multicontrast 3D imaging approach.

PURPOSE: Radiotherapy treatment planning (RTP) using MR has been used increasingly for the abdominal site. Multiple contrast weightings and motion-resolved imaging are desired for accurate delineation of the target and various organs-at-risk and patient-tailored planning. Current MR protocols achieve these through multiple scans with distinct contrast and variable respiratory motion management strategies and acquisition parameters, leading to a complex and inaccurate planning process. This study presents a standalone MR Multitasking (MT)-based technique to produce volumetric, motion-resolved, …

Fast inter-frame motion correction in contrast-free ultrasound quantitative microvasculature imaging using deep learning.

Contrast-free ultrasound quantitative microvasculature imaging shows promise in several applications, including the assessment of benign and malignant lesions. However, motion represents one of the major challenges in imaging tumor microvessels in organs that are prone to physiological motions. This study aims at addressing potential microvessel image degradation in in vivo human thyroid due to its proximity to carotid artery. The pulsation of the carotid artery induces inter-frame motion that significantly degrades microvasculature images, resulting in diagnostic errors. The main objective of…

Obesity-Specific Considerations for Assessing Gait with Inertial Measurement Unit-Based vs. Optokinetic Motion Capture.

Adults with obesity experience high rates of disability and rapid functional decline. Identifying movement dysfunction early can direct intervention and disrupt disability development; however, subtle changes in movement are difficult to detect with the naked eye. This study evaluated how a portable, inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based motion capture system compares to a laboratory-based optokinetic motion capture (OMC) system for evaluating gait kinematics in adults with obesity. Ten adults with obesity performed overground walking while equipped with the OMC and IMU systems. Fifteen gait c…

Repeatability and minimal detectable change including clothing effects for smartphone-based 3D markerless motion capture.

OpenCap, a smartphone- and web-based markerless system, has shown acceptable accuracy compared to marker-based systems, but lacks informatio … reement between clothing conditions. The study highlights the reliability of OpenCap for markerless motion capture, emphasizing its potential for large-scale field studies. However, some variables showed high MDC values above 5 degrees and thus warrant further enhancement of the technology. Although clothing had minimal effects, it is still recommended t …

Second-Order Motion-Compensated Echo-Planar Cardiac Diffusion-Weighted MRI: Usefulness of Compressed Sensitivity Encoding.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using second-order motion-compensated spin echo (M2C) can provide noninvasive in-vivo microstructural assessment, but limited by relatively low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Echo-planar imaging (EPI) with compressed sensitivity encoding (EPICS) could address these issues. PURPOSE: To combine M2C DWI and EPCIS (M2C EPICS DWI), and compare image quality for M2C DWI. STUDY TYPE: Prospective. POPULATION: Ten ex-vivo hearts, 10 healthy volunteers (females, 5 [50%]; mean ± SD of age, 25 ± 4 years), and 12 patients with diseased hearts (female, 1…