Результаты поиска

Micro- and Macrovascular Complications in Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes in Indians: Prevalence and Predictors in a Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.

Introductionand Aims: The prevalence of T2DM is rising among young people, placing them at greater risk for complications. We studied the prevalence and predictors of micro- and macrovascular complications in early-onset diabetes subjects (EOD, MethodsA total of 800 subjects (400 EOD, 400 LOD), matched for gender and diabetes duration, were prospectively recruited and assessed for the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and ASCVD. Multivariate logistic regression analyzed predictors of diabetes complications.ResultsThe median age at diagnosis of diabetes was 35 years

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… Waist circumference was taken using a non-stretchable tape at the midpoint between the iliac crest and the lower rib margin, following a normal exhalation. BMI was calculated using the formula: BMI = weight (kg)/height (m) 2 . …

Магнитный резонансный снимок для оценки цереброваскулярной реактивности и ее связи с когницией: систематический обзор.

Цереброваскулярная реактивность (CVR) означает реакцию церебрального васкулатуры на вазоактивные стимуляторы. CVR является показателем состояния мозга и может оцениваться с помощью водоводных методов и магнитного резонансного изображения (MRI). Используя такие подходы, некоторые исследователи изучили взаимосвязь между КАПП и когнитивированием; здесь мы систематически рассматриваем эту работу. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Мы извлекли информацию, касающуюся:1) место проведения и проектирование исследования, характеристики участников, размеры выборки,2) проектирование сосудистого вызова, конечного СО 2 (этко) 2 )

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… Tchistiakova et al. [ 10 ] used the breath-hold technique, wherein participants performed a series of 6 × 15 s breath holds following 3 s of exhalation with 30 s of intermittent regular breathing. …

Chest and Mediastinum

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Efficacy and safety of once-daily single-inhaler triple therapy (FF/UMEC/VI) versus FF/VI in patients with inadequately controlled asthma (CAPTAIN): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3A trial.

BACKGROUND: Despite inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting β2-agonist (ICS/LABA) therapy, 30-50% of patients with moderate or severe asthma remain inadequately controlled. We investigated the safety and efficacy of single-inhaler fluticasone furoate plus umeclidinium plus vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) compared with FF/VI. METHODS: In this double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3A study (Clinical Study in Asthma Patients Receiving Triple Therapy in a Single Inhaler [CAPTAIN]), participants were recruited from 416 hospitals and primary care centres across 15 countries. Participants were eli

Anti-interleukin-13 and anti-interleukin-4 agents versus placebo, anti-interleukin-5 or anti-immunoglobulin-E agents, for people with asthma.

BACKGROUND: Targeting the immunoglobulin E pathway and the interleukin-5 pathway with specific monoclonal antibodies directed against the cytokines or their receptors is effective in patients with severe asthma. However, there are patients who have suboptimal responses to these biologics. Since interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, signalling through the interleukin-4 receptor, have multiple effects on the biology of asthma, therapies targeting interleukin-4 and -13 (both individually and combined) have been developed. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of anti-interleukin-13 or anti-i

NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of Isoprene (CAS No. 78-79-5) Administered by Inhalation to F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice.

Isoprene, the 2-methyl analogue of 1,3-butadiene, has a high production volume and is used largely in the manufacture of synthetic rubber. Isoprene is also the major endogenous hydrocarbon exhaled in human breath. Two-week and 13-week inhalation toxicology studies were conducted in male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice to characterize potential adverse effects of isoprene. Male rats and male mice were also exposed to isoprene vapors for 6 months followed by a 6-month recovery period (stop- exposure protocol) to determine if isoprene produces a carcinogenic response similar to that of 1,3

Evaluation of Exposure to Toluene and Xylene in Gasoline Station Workers.

The main volatile organic compounds found at gasoline stations are benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene isomers (BTEX). They cause several harmful effects on human health. Regulatory Norm 7 (1978) provides that, in Brazil, biological monitoring of toluene and xylene is carried out by measuring the urinary metabolites hippuric acid (HA) and methylhippuric acid (MHA), respectively. The objective of this study was to assess the exposure to toluene and xylene and to identify related signs and symptoms in gasoline station workers. A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with wor

Innovative laboratory techniques shaping cancer diagnosis and treatment in developing countries.

Cancer is a major global health challenge, with approximately 19.3 million new cases and 10 million deaths estimated by 2020. Laboratory advancements in cancer detection have transformed diagnostic capabilities, particularly through the use of biomarkers that play crucial roles in risk assessment, therapy selection, and disease monitoring. Tumor histology, single-cell technology, flow cytometry, molecular imaging, liquid biopsy, immunoassays, and molecular diagnostics have emerged as pivotal tools for cancer detection. The integration of artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning and

Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and risk of lymphoma subtypes: results of the Epilymph European case-control study.

BackgroundEvidence linking risk of lymphoma and B-cell lymphoma subtypes to ionizing radiation is inconclusive, particularly at low exposure levels.MethodsWe investigated risk of lymphoma (all subtypes), B-cell lymphomas, and its major subtypes, associated with low-level occupational exposure to ionizing radiation, in 2346 lymphoma cases and 2463 controls, who participated in the multicenter EpiLymph case-control study. We developed a job-exposure matrix to estimate exposure to ionizing radiation, distinguishing between internal and external radiation, and we applied it to the lifetime occupat

The Acidic Microenvironment: Is It a Phenotype of All Cancers? A Focus on Multiple Myeloma and Some Analogies with Diabetes Mellitus.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy with a poor prognosis while with a long and progressive outcome. To date, the therapeutic options are restricted to few drugs, including thalidomide or its derivates and autologous transplantation including stem-cell transplantation. More recently, the use of both proteasome inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies have been included in MM therapy, but the clinical results are still under evaluation. Unfortunately, death rates (within the 5-year overall survival rates) are still very high (45%), with no relevant improvement over the past 10 years

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… The main removing pathway of CO 2 excess from the inside-to-outside of our bodies is the exhalation via the lung, participating in the removal of proton produced as CO 2 at mitochondria under aerobic conditions or as lactic acid and/or ketone bodies such as β-hydroxybutyric acid consuming HCO 3 − . …

Prevention, diagnosis and management of community acquired respiratory virus infections including COVID-19 in patients with cancer: 2025 updated evidence-based guideline of the infectious diseases working party (AGIHO) of the German society for hematology and medical oncology (DGHO).

Community-acquired respiratory viruses (CARV), such as influenza-, parainfluenza- or respiratory syncytial virus, pose a significant threat to immunocompromised patients with cancer. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has now joined the ranks of endemic respiratory viruses and continues to be a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. Strategies to protect this vulnerable patient population both by prevention of infection and by early therapeutic intervention in case of infectious disease are therefore of utmost importance. This guideline provides updated

From Early Diagnoses to New Treatments for Liver, Pancreatic, Gastric, and Colorectal Cancers Using Carbon Nanotubes: New Chances Still Underexplored.

Pancreatic, liver, gastric, colorectal, and rectal cancers (PC, LC, GC, CRC, and RC) are highly lethal tumours, with a 5-year survival rate of 10.5% (PC) and <20% (LC), and of 5%, 12%, and 13% for IV-stage GC, CRC, and RC, respectively. Currently, PC and LC represent the third leading cause of cancer-related death, while GCs and CRCs account for 4.8 million cancer cases and 4.4 million cancer deaths worldwide. Poor prognoses are mainly due to late diagnosis, limited efficacy of available treatments, tumour recurrence, as well as therapy-induced secondary tumorigenesis and drug resistance. In r

Advancing Cardiac Amyloidosis Care Through Insights from Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing.

Cardiac amyloidosis, encompassing both transthyretin (ATTR) and light-chain (AL) types, poses considerable challenges in patient management due to its intricate pathophysiology and progressive course. This narrative review elucidates the pivotal role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in the assessment of these patients. CPET is essential for evaluating disease progression by measuring cardio-respiratory performance and providing prognostic insights. This functional test is crucial not only for tracking the disease trajectory, but also for assessing the effectiveness of disease-modifyi

Exploration and Development of PPAR Modulators in Health and Disease: An Update of Clinical Evidence.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptors that govern the expression of genes responsible for energy metabolism, cellular development, and differentiation. Their crucial biological roles dictate the significance of PPAR-targeting synthetic ligands in medical research and drug discovery. Clinical implications of PPAR agonists span across a wide range of health conditions, including metabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases, infections, autoimmune diseases, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and malignancies. In this review we aim to consolidate exist

Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics in health and medical science: a systematic review.

Metabolomics is the study of the investigation of small molecules derived from cellular and organism metabolism, which reflects the outcomes of the complex network of biochemical reactions in living systems. As the most recent member of the omics family, there has been notable progress in metabolomics in the last decade, mainly driven by the improvement in mass spectrometry (MS). MS-based metabolomic strategies in modern health and medical science studies provide innovative tools for novel diagnostic and prognostic approaches, as well as an augmented role in drug development, nutrition science

Snail and Slug collaborate on EMT and tumor metastasis through miR-101-mediated EZH2 axis in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Lung diseases, including COVID-19 and lung cancers, is a huge threat to human health. However, for the treatment and diagnosis of various lung diseases, such as pneumonia, asthma, cancer, and pulmonary tuberculosis, are becoming increasingly challenging. Currently, several types of treatments and/or diagnostic methods are used to treat lung diseases; however, the occurrence of adverse reactions to chemotherapy, drug-resistant bacteria, side effects that can be significantly toxic, and poor drug delivery necessitates the development of more promising treatments. Nanotechnology, as an emerging t

Liposomal Nanoparticle Delivery of Ginkgo Flavone Glycosides Enhances SIRT1 Activation and Improves Diabetic Cardiomyopathy.

PurposeThis study aims to explore the therapeutic mechanisms of Ginkgo Flavone Glycosides (GFGs) delivered via liposomal nanoparticles in treating Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DCM) by upregulating Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) to restore energy metabolism and autophagy homeostasis.MethodsA DCM mouse model was employed, with groups treated with different doses of GFGs. Various evaluations, including body weight, blood glucose levels, and cardiac function, were performed. Network pharmacology, transcriptomic analysis, and molecular docking studies were conducted to elucidate the key role of SIRT1 in inhibiting

Unveiling the global research status and intellectual map of cancer and immunosuppressants.

BackgroundThe use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly advanced cancer therapy, improving survival rates and prognosis for many patients. This study employs bibliometric methods to explore the current state and future trends in the field of immunosuppressants and cancer treatment.MethodsData were retrieved from the Science Citation Index Expanded for articles and reviews published between 2014 and 2024 in the Web of Science database. 2,352 records were analyzed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, R software, and Microsoft Excel. The focus was on publication trends, citations, co-ci

Abstracts for NAPCON 2025

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Искусственные интеллектуальные технологии зондирования для борьбы с раком, диабетом и COVID-19.

Интеграция искусственного интеллекта (АИ) с износимыми сенсорными технологиями может привести к революции в мониторинге и лечении различных хронических заболеваний и острых заболеваний. Комбинированные износы АИ классифицируются по таким основополагающим методам зондирования, как электрохимическая, колориметрическая, химическая, оптическая, а также давление/стабильность. Алгоритмы АИ повышают эффективность изношенных датчиков, обеспечивая индивидуализированный, постоянный надзор и прогнозный анализ, помогая распознавать время и оптимизируя терапевтические методы. В этой рукописи рассматриваютс