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Association between circulating inflammatory proteins and temporomandibular disorders: insight from a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis.

BackgroundPast studies have indicated links between specific inflammatory proteins in the bloodstream and temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Nonetheless, there remains the need for further solid research pinpointing the exact causes behind these associations. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to examine the association between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and TMDs.MethodologyThe most comprehensive genome-wide association studies available for circulating inflammatory proteins and TMDs was used in this two-sample MR analysis. The association between genetic predispositions t

Oncolytic viruses on the cusp of success?: proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Oncolytic Virus Therapeutics

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… Hardev Pandha (University of Surrey, UK) described early-phase clinical trials of CVA21, which binds to intercellular adhesion molecule-1, upregulated in some solid tumors, including melanoma. Multiple intravenous doses induced neutralizing antibody after about 7 days. …

An Insight into Anticancer Effect of Propolis and Its Constituents: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms.

Propolis is a natural compound collected by honeybees from different parts of plants. Honeybees produce a sticky component besides honey by mixing the tree resin and other botanical sources with saliva called propolis or bee glue. Propolis was traditionally used as a wound healing substance, cosmetic, medicine, and many other conditions. Till now, there is no definite curable treatment for most cancers and chemotherapeutic drugs and drugs used for targeted therapies have serious side effects. According to a recent research, natural products are becoming increasingly essential in cancer prevent

Resveratrol and Other Natural Oligomeric Stilbenoid Compounds and Their Therapeutic Applications.

The use of natural compounds as an alternative to synthetic molecules has become a significant subject of interest in recent decades. Stilbenoids are a group of phenolic compounds found in many plant species and they have recently gained the focus of a multitude of studies in medicine and chemistry, resveratrol being the most representative molecule. In this review, we focused on the research that illustrates the therapeutic potential of this class of natural molecules considering various diseases with higher incidence rates. PubChem database was searched for bioactivities of natural stilbenoi

Бенефициарное воздействие Омега-3 Жировых кислот на ожирение и связанные с ним метаболические и хронические воспаленные заболевания.

Известно, что омега-3 полинунасыщенные жирные кислоты (N-3 PUFA) помогают решить проблему воспаления посредством создания антивоспалительных эйкосаноидов и специализированных посредников по восстановлению, включая резолвинов, защитных сооружений и мареинов. Благодаря привязке к рецептору GPR120/FFAR4 они оказывают благоприятное воздействие в результате фосфолипидной реконструкции мембраны, повреждения воспалительных сигнальных молекул, последующего ингибирования NF-ИВ и воспаления активации, а также уменьшения окислительного стресса. Ожирение, хроническое воспалительное заболевание, которое пр

The potential of mesenchymal stem cells in the management of radiation enteropathy.

Although radiotherapy is effective in managing abdominal and pelvic malignant tumors, radiation enteropathy is still unavoidable. This disease severely affects the quality of life of cancer patients due to some refractory lesions, such as intestinal ischemia, mucositis, ulcer, necrosis or even perforation. Current drugs or prevailing therapies are committed to alleviating the symptoms induced by above lesions. But the efficacies achieved by these interventions are still not satisfactory, because the milieus for tissue regeneration are not distinctly improved. In recent years, regenerative ther

Exercise-mobilized donor lymphocyte infusions enhanced with cytokine stimulation for the prevention and treatment of leukemic relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) are a standard therapy following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) for preventing and treating leukemic relapse in high-risk patients, particularly those with myeloid malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). However, the efficacy of DLI remains suboptimal and is accompanied by a significant risk of life-threatening graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), highlighting the urgent need for strategies that enhance graft-versus-leukemia (GvL) effects while mitigating GvHD.

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… Epinephrine-mediated activation of β2-AR can also lead to decreased expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells, such as ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), which are ligands for leukocyte integrins ( 111 ). …

Extracellular Vesicles in Multiple Myeloma-Cracking the Code to a Better Understanding of the Disease.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell-derived malignancy that stands for around 1.5% of newly discovered cancer cases. Despite constantly improving treatment methods, the disease is incurable with over 13,000 deaths in the US and over 30,000 in Europe. Recent studies suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs) might play a significant role in the pathogenesis and evolution of MM. Further investigation of their role could prove to be beneficial in establishing new therapies and hence, improve the prognosis of MM patients. What is more, EVs might serve as novel markers in diagnosing and monitorin

Osteoclasts in Tumor Biology: Metastasis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Myeloid Transition.

Osteoclast is a specialized cell that originates from monocytic lineage, communicates closely with osteoblasts under physiological conditions, participates in bone modeling and re-modeling, contributes to calcium homeostasis and osteoimmunity. In pathological conditions, it is involved in many tumors such as giant cell bone tumor (osteoclastoma), aneurysmal bone cyst, osteosarcoma, and metastatic cancers, and it usually causes local spread and progression of the tumor, working against the host. Since osteoclasts play an active role in primary bone tumors and bone metastases, the use of anti-os

Resveratrol and Curcumin for Chagas Disease Treatment-A Systematic Review.

Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected protozoan infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which affects about 7 million people worldwide. There are two available drugs in therapeutics, however, they lack effectiveness for the chronic stage-characterized mainly by cardiac (i.e., cardiomyopathy) and digestive manifestations (i.e., megaesophagus, megacolon). Due to the involvement of the immuno-inflammatory pathways in the disease's progress, compounds exhibiting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity seem to be effective for controlling some clinical manifestations, mainly in the chronic phase. Re

Annexin A1 affects tumor metastasis through epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a narrative review.

Background and objectiveAnnexin A1 (annexin I, ANXA1), the first discovered member of the annexin superfamily, plays important roles in tumor development, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis and drug resistance based on tumor type-specific patterns of expression. The acquisition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics is an essential mechanism of metastasis because they increase the mobility and invasiveness of cancer cells. Cancer invasion and metastasis remain major health problems worldwide. Elucidating the role and mechanism of ANXA1 in the occurrence of EMT will help ad

Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibition-An emerging therapeutic strategy in immune-mediated dermatological conditions.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a member of the Tec kinase family, is critically involved in a range of immunological pathways. The clinical application of BTK inhibitors for B-cell malignancies has proven successful, and there is strong rationale for the potential benefits of BTK inhibitors in some autoimmune and allergic conditions, including immune-mediated dermatological diseases. However, the established risk-to-benefit profile of "first-generation" BTK inhibitors cannot be extrapolated to these emerging, non-oncological, indications. "Next-generation" BTK inhibitors such as remibrutinib

Heterogeneous tissue-specific macrophages orchestrate metastatic organotropism of breast cancer: implications for promising therapeutics.

Compelling evidences have manifested that breast cancer cells prefer to metastasize to certain distant organs, including brain, lung, bone and liver. According to the canonical "seed and soil" theory, this prominent biological behavior, termed as metastatic organotropism, involves intricate interactions between breast cancer cells (the "seeds") and specific residents in the tumor microenvironment (the "soil"), initiating from pre-metastatic niche formation to metastatic outgrowth. Recently, multifaceted heterogeneity of tissue-specific macrophages (TSMs) and their roles played in organotropic

Cells and signals of the leukemic microenvironment that support progression of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).

Current intensified chemotherapy regimens have significantly increased survival rates for pediatric patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), but these treatments can result in serious adverse effects; furthermore, patients who are resistant to chemotherapy or who relapse have inferior outcomes, together highlighting the need for improved therapeutic strategies. Despite recent advances in stratifying T-ALL into molecular subtypes with distinct driver mutations, efforts to target the tumor-intrinsic genomic alterations critical for T-ALL progression have yet to translate into m

Endogenous immune recruitment in glioblastoma CAR T therapy: cytokine, myeloid, and chemokine circuitry.

BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) has remained relatively unresponsive to immunotherapy, with scattered durable responses reported in early CAR T-cell studies, but without clear benefit at the population level. The major challenge for GBM has been its heterogeneous nature with a significantly immunosuppressive microenvironment that is predominantly composed of myeloid cells, inhibiting T-cell infiltration, function, and providing a rapid pathway for adaptive resistance. The focus of this review is to reposition GBM CAR T-cell therapy as a systems-level issue, turning localized CAR T-cell cytotoxici

Novel diagnostic options for endometriosis - Based on the glycome and microbiome.

BackgroundEndometriosis is a chronic gynaecological disease whose aetiology is still unknown. Despite its prevalence among women of reproductive age, the pathology of the disease has not yet been elucidated and only symptomatic treatment is available. Endometriosis has high latency and diagnostic methods are both limited and invasive.Aim of reviewThe aim of this review is to summarise minimally invasive or non-invasive diagnostic methods for endometriosis and their diagnostic efficiencies. Furthermore, we discuss the identification and diagnostic potential of novel disease biomarkers of microb

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… Changes in several other immunomodulatory molecules have been reported in women with EMS; β1-integrin and other cell adhesion molecules [73] , intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) [74] , E-cadherin [75] and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 [76] . …

Enhanced sialylation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells contributes to immune remodeling through macrophage polarization in multiple myeloma patients.

INTRODUCTION: In multiple myeloma (MM), the immune system is disrupted, partly due to tumor-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). These MSCs show altered glycosylation, including increased sialylation, which may promote immune evasion through Siglec interactions. METHODS: We quantified sialic acids and Siglec ligands on healthy donors-, MM-, T-MM-(treated multiple myeloma) and MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance)-MSCs, and examined how different culture conditions (myeloma coculture, conditioned medium, hypoxia, inflammation, 3D culture) affect MSC gly

Effects of exosomes from different origins on osteoclasts.

Abnormal osteoclast function is closely related to the development of osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis and tumor bone metastasis, which seriously affects patients' quality of life. The cellular microenvironment is complex and variable, and exosomes, as an important pathway mediating intercellular communication, can be secreted by a variety of cells in the human body, which carry "cargo" that can affect the biological function of recipient cells. Osteoclasts receive a variety of cellular exosomes to regulate and influence the body's bone homeostasis. In this narrative review, we summari

Genomic profiling enables personalized strategies to overcome drug resistance in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells within the bone marrow. It is a complex and heterogeneous disease that primarily affects older adults and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in treatment, including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, and monoclonal antibodies, MM remains largely incurable, with most patients experiencing relapse and disease progression. The disease’s biological complexity is driven by a multitude of genetic and molecular alterations, which contr

Anti-Cancer Stem-like Cell Compounds in Clinical Development - An Overview and Critical Appraisal.

Cancer stem-like cells (CSC) represent a subpopulation of tumor cells with elevated tumor-initiating potential. Upon differentiation, they replenish the bulk of the tumor cell population. Enhanced tumor-forming capacity, resistance to antitumor drugs, and metastasis-forming potential are the hallmark traits of CSCs. Given these properties, it is not surprising that CSCs have become a therapeutic target of prime interest in drug discovery. In fact, over the last few years, an enormous number of articles describing compounds endowed with anti-CSC activities have been published. In the meanwhile,