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Enhanced Cohort Methods for HIV Research and Epidemiology (ENCORE): Protocol for a Nationwide Hybrid Cohort for Transgender Women in the United States.

BACKGROUND: In the United States, transgender women are disproportionately impacted by HIV and prioritized in the national strategy to end t … scriptive statistics; (2) estimate and characterize syndemic patterns among transgender women using latent class analysis; (3) examine the role of contextual factors in driving syndemics and HIV prevention over time using multilevel regression models; (4) estimate HIV incidence in transgender women and examine the effect of syndemics and contextual factors on HIV incid …

Methods to Assess Adverse Childhood Experiences of Children and Families: Toward Approaches to Promote Child Well-being in Policy and Practice.

BACKGROUND: Advances in human development sciences point to tremendous possibilities to promote healthy child development and well-being acr … having additional ACEs. This measure showed efficiency and confirmatory factor analysis as well as latent class analysis supported a cumulative risk scoring method. Formative as well as reflective measurement models further support cumulative risk scoring and provide evidence of predictive validity of the NSCH-ACEs. Common effects of ACEs across household income group …

Population Behavior Changes Underlying Phasic Shifts of SARS-CoV-2 Exposure Settings Across 3 Omicron Epidemic Waves in Hong Kong: Prospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Exposure risk was shown to have affected individual susceptibility and the epidemic spread of COVID-19. The dynamics of risk by and across exposure settings alongside the variations following the implementation of social distancing interventions are understudied. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the population's trajectory of exposure risk in different settings and its association with SARS-CoV-2 infection across 3 consecutive Omicron epidemic waves in Hong Kong. METHODS: From March to June 2022, invitation letters were posted to 41,132 randomly selected residential addresse

Associations between life-course FEV1/FVC trajectories and respiratory symptoms up to middle age: analysis of data from two prospective cohort studies.

BACKGROUND: Life-course lung function trajectories leading to airflow obstruction, as measured by impaired FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity), … e of 55 years (range 47-64). Participants' symptom profiles at ages 53 and 55 years were derived by latent class analysis. Symptom profiles were compared across pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC trajectories derived by group-based modelling, then restricted to those without COPD defined by post-bronchodilator airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC <5th percentile) at ages 51-55 years …

Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF assays for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults.

BACKGROUND: Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) and Xpert MTB/RIF are World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended rapid nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) widely used for simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance in sputum. To extend our previous review on extrapulmonary tuberculosis (Kohli 2018), we performed this update to inform updated WHO policy (WHO Consolidated Guidelines (Module 3) 2020). OBJECTIVES: To estimate diagnostic accuracy of Xpert Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with

Validation and utility of ARDS subphenotypes identified by machine-learning models using clinical data: an observational, multicohort, retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Two acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) subphenotypes (hyperinflammatory and hypoinflammatory) with distinct clinical and biological features and differential treatment responses have been identified using latent class analysis (LCA) in seven individual cohorts. To facilitate bedside identification of subphenotypes, clinical classifier models using readily available clinical variables have been described in four randomised controlled trials. We aimed to assess the performance of these models in observational cohorts of ARDS. METHODS: In this observational, multicohort, retr…

Glycemic Control Trajectories and Risk of Perinatal Complications Among Individuals With Gestational Diabetes.

IMPORTANCE: Glycemic control is the cornerstone of gestational diabetes management. Glycemic control trajectories account for differences in longitudinal patterns throughout pregnancy; however, studies on glycemic control trajectories are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether glycemic control trajectories from gestational diabetes diagnosis to delivery were associated with differential risk of perinatal complications. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cohort study included individuals with gestational diabetes with longitudinal electronic health record data from precon

The perspective of women with an increased risk of OHSS regarding the safety and burden of IVF: a discrete choice experiment.

STUDY QUESTION: What are the preferences of women with an increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) for characteristics of … t model to determine the preferences of women and investigated heterogeneity in preferences through latent class analysis. The decrease in OHSS risk required for women to accept an increased level of an undesirable attribute, i.e. their willingness to trade off, was calculated. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: We distributed 120 questionnaires with a response rate …

Patterns of gestational weight gain and birthweight outcomes in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: Inadequate or excessive total gestational weight gain is associated with increased risks of small- and large-for-gestational-age births, respectively, but evidence is sparse regarding overall and trimester-specific patterns of gestational weight gain in relation to these risks. Characterizing the interrelationship between patterns of gestational weight gain across trimesters can reveal whether the trajectory of gestational weight gain in the first trimester sets the path for gestational weight gain in subsequent trimesters, thereby serving as an early marker for at-risk pregnancies

Prepubertal Growth Trajectory and Pubertal Onset.

IMPORTANCE: Adiposity has been reported to be a major contributor to earlier pubertal timing, but most pediatric studies have relied on body mass index (BMI) from single or short-term measurements. Studies tracking growth repeatedly from birth to puberty are needed. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of growth trajectory and cumulative exposure to different levels of adiposity (CEA) with pubertal onset across the first decade of life and identify sensitive periods for possible weight intervention. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cohort study included data from 2 b

Associations of healthy lifestyle and socioeconomic status with mortality and incident cardiovascular disease: two prospective cohort studies.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether overall lifestyles mediate associations of socioeconomic status (SES) with mortality and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the extent of interaction or joint relations of lifestyles and SES with health outcomes. DESIGN: Population based cohort study. SETTING: US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (US NHANES, 1988-94 and 1999-2014) and UK Biobank. PARTICIPANTS: 44 462 US adults aged 20 years or older and 399 537 UK adults aged 37-73 years. EXPOSURES: SES was derived by latent class analysis using family income, occupation or employment sta…

Phenotypes of Atopic Dermatitis and Development of Allergic Diseases.

IMPORTANCE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory disease in childhood, and children with AD are more likely to develop oth … imary outcomes were AD phenotype, food allergy, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and wheeze. Longitudinal latent class analysis was used to identify underlying longitudinal patterns of AD expression, and associations of AD phenotype with allergic outcomes were examined using logistic regression, multinomial logistic regression, and linear regression. RESULTS: In 5314 childr …

Life event trajectories and suicidal ideation throughout adolescence: a prospective cohort study from Germany, France, Ireland, and the UK.

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a sensitive period when suicidal ideation can peak. Although traumatic life events are a well established risk factor for suicidal ideation, the role of cumulative ordinary life events across multiple dimensions, such as family, autonomy, and sexuality, remains underexplored. Crucially, no evidence is available on how multidimensional trajectories of cumulative exposure to such events relate to suicidal ideation throughout adolescence. We aimed to examine how cumulative and domain-specific trajectories of ordinary life events during adolescence relate to suicidal ide

[Preliminary reports from a psychometric fixation-regression study using the McGill Object Relations Scale].

INTRODUCTION: Psychosexual development is generally assessed clinically, that is to say, in a qualitative manner (Piper and Duncan, 1999). Dymetryszyn, Bouchard, Bienvenu, De Carufel, and Gaston (1997) recently proposed a more quantitative approach based on the overall maturity of the subject's object relations. BACKGROUND: Object-relation maturity is quantified using a profile that defines a score for each stage of an individual's psychosexual development: oral-narcissistic, oral-objectal, anal, phallic pre-oedipal, oedipal, and genital. The McGill Object Relations Scale (MORS) (Dymetryszyn

Xpert® MTB/RIF assay for extrapulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance.

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is the world's leading infectious cause of death. Extrapulmonary TB accounts for 15% of TB cases, but the proportion is increasing, and over half a million people were newly diagnosed with rifampicin-resistant TB in 2016. Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) is a World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended, rapid, automated, nucleic acid amplification assay that is used widely for simultaneous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and rifampicin resistance in sputum specimens. This Cochrane Review assessed the accuracy of Xpert in extrapulmonary specimens. OBJECTIVES

Продольные траектории цифровых когнитивных биомаркеров для множественных склерозов.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Когнитивное повреждение - это one - наиболее распространенные и изнурительные симптомы повторного излучаемого множественным склерозом (RRMS). Цифровые когнитивные биомаркеры требуют меньше времени и ресурсов и быстро набирают популярность в клинических условиях. Мы изучили продольную траекторию испытания на скорость обработки на основе iPad (PST) и прогнозы значений PST. Мы, вероятно, зачислили пациентов из RRMS между 2017 и 2021 по всему району six Австралийские центры НР. Продольные данные анализировались с помощью моделей смешанного воздействия и скрытых моделей смеша

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… Latent Class Analysis The linking function that provided the best fit to the longitudinal PST scores was a nonlinear linking function of three quadratic I‐splines with nodes spaced in quantiles. … PST trajectories defined by latent class analysis. Latent Classes Predict Sustained Change in PST We hypothesised that a sustained 4‐point change would be more difficult to achieve if baseline PST score was low. …

Инвентаризация поведения мужчин, имеющих сексуальные отношения с мужчинами: бифакторная проверка, диагностика IRT и клинические отсечки.

Справочная информация: Навязчивые сексуальные расстройства широко распространены среди мужчин, вступающих в половые отношения с мужчинами (МСМ), и связаны с неблагоприятными последствиями для здоровья, однако в этой области крайне не хватает проверенных инструментов оценки. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы адаптировать Инвентарь Гиперсексуального поведения (ГБИ) среди португальских МШМ (N = 1116 из четырех исследований). Метод и результаты: После перевода и адаптации (Study 1a/1b) в аналитическом анализе факторов была предложена двухфакторная структура инструмента (Study 2). Кроме

Latent profile analysis of fear of progression in Chinese hematologic malignancy survivors.

Fear of disease progression (FoP) is a multidimensional concept that refers to the fear or worry about disease progress. Little is known about the distinct FoP profiles and their determinants in culturally specific contexts, especially among hematologic malignancies (HM) patients in China. This study aimed to identify heterogeneous profiles of FoP and their associated predictors among Chinese patients with HM. A convenience sample of patients suffering from HM were enrolled from March 2023 to February 2024. To gather multidimensional data from the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form (

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… Ten frequently asked questions about latent class analysis. Transl. Issues Psychol. Sci. 4 , 440–461. 10.1037/tps0000176 (2018). 26. Mehnert, A., Herschbach, P., Berg, P., Henrich, G. & Koch, U. … Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Struct. Equ. Model. Multidiscip. J. 14 , 535–569. 10.1080/10705510701575396 (2007). 36. Li, Y. et al. …

Иммунитет Т-клеток, специфичный для EBV: значение для множественного склероза.

Генетические и экологические факторы совместно определяют подверженность развитию множественных склерозов (МС). Улучшения в разработке эпидемиологических исследований помогли выявить последовательные ассоциации экологического риска, такие, как повышенная подверженность НР после заражения вирусом Эпштейн-Барр (ЭБВ), в то время как биологические механизмы, влияющие на связь между ЕБВ и НР, по-прежнему недостаточно изучены. Увеличение и расширение репертуара антител и клеток иммунной реакции на антигены EBV, особенно на доминирующий антиген CD4+T-клеток EBV 1 (EBNA1) постоянно наблюдается у пацие

Множественность в псориазисе вульгарис: ретроспективный анализ.

Частота комбинаций у пациентов с псориазом была сопоставлена с частотой, характерной для населения в целом, во многих исследованиях. Кроме того, в ряде исследований были изучены факторы риска, влияющие на количество коморбидов у пациентов с псориазом. Однако в нескольких исследованиях были изучены группы пациентов с псориазом в зависимости от их соперничества. В этом исследовании мы стремились изучить многосопоставимость псориазиса вульгариса с точки зрения факторов риска и кластеров. МЕТОДЫ: Все диагнозы 452 Пациенты с псориазным вульгарисом были извлечены из электронных медицинских записей т

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… By using latent class analysis, Wu et al defined four distinct classes, namely “relatively healthy”, “metabolic syndrome”, “hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”, and “multicomorbidity” classes. 6 Again by using latent class analysis, Chalitsios et al categorized psoriatic patients … Comorbidity profiles of psoriasis in Taiwan: a latent class analysis. PLoS One . 2018;13(2):e0192537. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192537 7. Chalitsios CV, Meena D, Manou M, et al. …