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Прогнозирующая ценность циркулирующей ДНК опухоли для клинических результатов в пациентах, проходящих трансплантацию клеток гематополиетической системы: систематический обзор и мета-анализ.

После пересадки гематопоиетических клеток (ГХТ) гематологическая недостаточность по-прежнему является основной причиной отказа в лечении. Циркуляция ДНК опухоли (ctDNA) стала перспективным минимальным инвазивным биомаркером для оценки измеримых остаточных заболеваний (MRD) и раннего обнаружения рецидивов; однако прогнозируемое значение ctDNA в посттрансплантационных условиях не было полностью синтезировано. Мы провели систематический обзор и метаанализ в соответствии с руководящими принципами PRISMA и зарегистрировали протокол в ПРОСПЕРО (CRD420261392100). По состоянию на ноябрь были проведены

From actinic keratosis to squamous cell carcinoma.

Chronic stress-responsive signaling has emerged as a modifiable dimension of cancer biology by linking systemic neuroendocrine activation to tumor-cell adaptation, metabolic rewiring, immune suppression, tumor microenvironment remodeling, metastatic dissemination, and therapeutic resistance. Persistent activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis elevates catecholamines and glucocorticoids, which act through adrenergic receptors and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in tumor, stromal, vascular, and immune compartments. These canonical path

Translation of Epigenetics in Cell-Free DNA Liquid Biopsy Technology and Precision Oncology.

Technological advancements in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) liquid biopsy have triggered exponential growth in numerous clinical applications. While cfDNA-based liquid biopsy has made significant strides in personalizing cancer treatment, the exploration and translation of epigenetics in liquid biopsy to clinical practice is still nascent. This comprehensive review seeks to provide a broad yet in-depth narrative of the present status of epigenetics in cfDNA liquid biopsy and its associated challenges. It highlights the potential of epigenetics in cfDNA liquid biopsy technologies with the hopes of enha

A Cost Impact Analysis of clonoSEQ® as a Valid and CE-Certified Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Diagnostic Compared to No MRD Testing in Multiple Myeloma in Germany.

IntroductionThe measurement of minimal residual disease (MRD) with clonoSEQ® can be used in the assessment of B-cell lymphoid tumor burden throughout treatment with accuracy, sensitivity and standardization when compared to traditional cytomorphology. With the approval of novel treatments, standardized MRD assessment with improved performance is increasingly important. The aim of this analysis is to estimate the cost-effectiveness of MRD testing with clonoSEQ® compared to no MRD testing for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) on maintenance therapy in Germany.MethodsThe cost impact of clonoSEQ

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… It is the first MRD assay to leverage a proprietary synthetic immune repertoire to address the inherent bias that occurs when DNA sequences are amplified using a non-standardized multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). …

An Overview of Advances in Rare Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Cancer stands as the leading global cause of mortality, with rare cancer comprising 230 distinct subtypes characterized by infrequent incidence. Despite the inherent challenges in addressing the diagnosis and treatment of rare cancers due to their low occurrence rates, several biomedical breakthroughs have led to significant advancement in both areas. This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques that encompass new-generation sequencing and multi-omics, coupled with the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, that have revolutioniz

Aptamers and Antisense Oligonucleotides for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Diseases.

Aptamers or chemical antibodies are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that bind proteins and small molecules with high affinity and specificity by recognizing tertiary or quaternary structures as antibodies. Aptamers can be easily produced in vitro through a process known as systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) or a cell-based SELEX procedure. Aptamers and modified aptamers, such as slow, off-rate, modified aptamers (SOMAmers), can bind to target molecules with less polar and more hydrophobic interactions showing slower dissociation rates, higher stability,

Запоздалая прогрессивная многофукальная лейкоэнцефалопатия после теклистамб в множественной миеломе: продление периода инфекционного риска.

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… Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for common neurotropic viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus, was negative. JC virus PCR was positive both in CSF (549 copies/mL) and in plasma (57,700 copies/mL), while Toxoplasma DNA was negative. …

Infectious complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: current status and future perspectives in Korea.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a treatment for hematologic malignancies, immune deficiencies, or genetic diseases, ect. Recently, the number of HSCTs performed in Korea has increased and the outcomes have improved. However, infectious complications account for most of the morbidity and mortality after HSCT. Post-HSCT infectious complications are usually classified according to the time after HSCT: pre-engraftment, immediate post-engraftment, and late post-engraftment period. In addition, the types and risk factors of infectious complications differ according to the stem cell

Exosomes liquid biopsy in Lymphoma precision medicine: applications and challenges.

Liquid biopsy is an emerging non-invasive detection technology that diagnoses tumors and provides prognostic value by analyzing samples such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and exosomes. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cells, encapsulating a diverse array of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids (e.g., mRNA and miRNA), and lipids. Lymphoma cells secrete various exosomes, whose contents carry abundant tumor-associated information and serve as messengers in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Consequently, tumor-derived ex

Melphalan-associated encephalopathy following autologous stem cell transplant: a transplanter's nightmare!

Melphalan-induced encephalopathy is a rare complication observed in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and is characterized by symptoms ranging from drowsiness to seizures. Previous reports have described similar cases, including a review of a large cohort of patients in whom melphalan-associated encephalopathy was identified in 2% of the patients undergoing ASCT. We describe the case of a 63-year-old male with Multiple Myeloma and underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD) who underwent ASCT with a reduced dose of melphalan due to renal dysfunction in complete remiss

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… A detailed neurological workup was performed, including metabolic screening (glucose, liver function, and serum electrolytes), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, a comprehensive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) study including multiplex Polymerase chain reaction for menin goencephalitis -causing …

Современные методы диагностики медицинских паразитов и артроподов

Обычные методы, такие, как микроскопия, используются для диагностики паразитических заболеваний и медицинских заболеваний, связанных с артроподами, на протяжении многих лет. Некоторые методы считаются золотыми. Однако их ограниченная чувствительность, специфичность и точность, а также потребность в дорогостоящих реагентах и высококвалифицированных технических специалистах являются критическими проблемами. В этой связи постоянно разрабатываются новые инструменты для уменьшения числа проблем. Недавно three Возникли самые современные методы: штрих-кодирование ДНК, геометрические морфометры и иску

Next-Generation Sequencing in Oncology: Genetic Diagnosis, Risk Prediction and Cancer Classification.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has expanded in the last decades with significant improvements in the reliability, sequencing chemistry, pipeline analyses, data interpretation and costs. Such advances make the use of NGS feasible in clinical practice today. This review describes the recent technological developments in NGS applied to the field of oncology. A number of clinical applications are reviewed, i.e., mutation detection in inherited cancer syndromes based on DNA-sequencing, detection of spliceogenic variants based on RNA-sequencing, DNA-sequencing to identify risk modifiers

P941 – P1197

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Clinical Applications and Future Directions of Minimal Residual Disease Testing in Multiple Myeloma.

In the last years, the life expectancy of multiple myeloma (MM) patients has substantially improved thanks to the availability of many new drugs. Our ability to induce deep responses has improved as well, and the treatment goal in patients tolerating treatment moved from the delay of progression to the induction of the deepest possible response. As a result of these advances, a great scientific effort has been made to redefine response monitoring, resulting in the development and validation of high-sensitivity techniques to detect minimal residual disease (MRD). In 2016, the International Myel

Current landscape of gene-editing technology in biomedicine: Applications, advantages, challenges, and perspectives.

The expanding genome editing toolbox has revolutionized life science research ranging from the bench to the bedside. These "molecular scissors" have offered us unprecedented abilities to manipulate nucleic acid sequences precisely in living cells from diverse species. Continued advances in genome editing exponentially broaden our knowledge of human genetics, epigenetics, molecular biology, and pathology. Currently, gene editing-mediated therapies have led to impressive responses in patients with hematological diseases, including sickle cell disease and thalassemia. With the discovery of more e

Финголимод, связанный с криптококковым менингитом у пациента с множественным склерозом: доклад о деле и обзор литературы.

У 65-летней женщины с множественным склерозом появились головные боли и судороги. Культура цереброспиновой жидкости (CSF) указывает на неоформаны криптококка. Анализ литературы по 20 случаям криптококкового менингита показал, что головная боль является наиболее распространенным первоначальным симптомом, и все случаи были положительными для сыворотки и/или криптококковых антигенов CSF.

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… Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (BioFire® FilmArray® Meningitis/Encephalitis Panel) was positive for Cryptococcus ; it was finally identified as C. neoformans using CSF culture. …

Acute Respiratory Failure After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

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… These include noninvasive strategies such as nasopharyngeal washings or swabs sent for immunofluorescence antibody or multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for respiratory viruses and culture, blood cultures, sputum studies, and imaging studies (chest radiography and computed tomography ( …

Pertussis in Individuals with Co-morbidities: A Systematic Review.

Pertussis is a highly contagious disease of the respiratory tract caused by Bordetella pertussis. Although the burden of pertussis is highest in children, available data suggests that pertussis in the elderly and those with underlying chronic conditions or illnesses can result in significant morbidity, mortality and costs. We undertook a comprehensive review to assess the association between pertussis and chronic conditions/illnesses. A search was undertaken on 17 June 2019 across EMBASE, Medline and BIOSIS. Citations were limited to those in English, in humans and published since 1 January 19

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… Comparison of multiplex polymerase chain reaction, culture, and serology for the diagnosis of Bordetella pertussis infection. Chang Gung Med J. 2004;27(6):408–415. 36. Bock JM, Burtis CC, Poetker DM, Blumin JH, Frank MO. …

Epidemiology of Bacteremia in Patients with Hematological Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and the Impact of Antibiotic Resistance on Mortality: Data from a Multicenter Study in Argentina.

The epidemiology of bacteremia and the antibiotic resistance profile (ARP) of Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in hematological malignancies (HM) and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients may differ according to geographic region. In addition, multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) may impact mortality. This is a prospective, observational, and multicenter study. The first episodes of bacteremia in adult patients with HM or HSCT were included. The risk factors for 30-day mortality were identified. One thousand two hundred and seventy-seven episodes were included (HM: 920; HSCT: 357). GN

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… The presence of genes coding for bla KPC and bla OXA-48 was investigated by monoplex or multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers depending on the method available at each center. …

Short Course of Antibiotic Therapy for Gram-Negative Bacilli Bacteremia in Patients with Cancer and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Less Is Possible.

Data about short courses of antibiotic therapy for Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) bacteremia in immunosuppressed patients are limited. This is a prospective observational study performed on adult patients with cancer and hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) who developed GNB bacteremia and received appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy (EAT), had a clinical response within 7 days and survived 48 h after the end of therapy. They received antibiotic therapy in the range of 7-15 days and were divided into short course, with a median of 7 days (SC), or long course, with a median of 14 days (L

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… The presence of genes coding for major carbapenemases (i.e., bla VIM , bla NDM , bla IMP , bla KPC, and bla OXA-48-group ) was investigated by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers [ 35 ]. …