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Meta-Analysis of Pharmacological, Nutraceutical and Phytopharmaceutical Interventions for the Treatment of Cancer Related Fatigue.

Purpose: In this study we aimed to estimate the effectiveness of pharmacological, nutraceutical, and phytopharmaceutical treatments on CRF. Methods: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid Psych info, CINHAHL and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to 30 September 2021. Randomized controlled trials of pharmacological, nutraceutical and phytopharmaceutical interventions for treatment of CRF for at least one week duration and have used valid tool to assess severity of CRF as a primary or secondary outcome were considered. Results: 32 eligible studies (4896 patients) were reviewed. For the overal

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… L-Carnitine Supplementation in Patients with Advanced Cancer and Carnitine Deficiency: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study J. Pain Symptom Manag. 2009 37 622 631 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2008.03.021 18809275 22. Marx W. Teleni L. Opie R.S. Kelly J. Marshall S. Itsiopoulos C. Isenring E. … Efficacy and Effectiveness of Carnitine Supplementation for Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis Nutrients 2017 9 1224 10.3390/nu9111224 29112178 PMC5707696 23. Chen H.W. Lin I.H. Chen Y.J. Chang K.H. Wu M.H. Su W.H. Huang G.C. Lai Y.L. …

Very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency in Chinese patients: eight case reports, including one case of prenatal diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: Very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCADD) is a rare mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation disorder. We aim … on. Seven patients had fatty liver. Five had myopathy. All patients had elevated blood tetradecanoylcarnitine. Nine heterozygous mutations of the ACADVL gene were found. Three (c.1102C > T, c.1795G > A and IVS10, +6T > A) were novel. Seven patients completely recovered after treatment. One patient died before diagnosis due to cardiomyopathy. His mother unde …

Peripheral neuropathy associated with monomethyl auristatin E-based antibody-drug conjugates.

Since the successful approval of gemtuzumab ozogamicin, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a pivotal category of targeted therapies for cancer. Among these ADCs, the use of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) as a payload is prevalent in the development of ADC drugs, which has significantly improved overall therapeutic efficacy against various malignancies. However, increasing clinical observations have raised concerns regarding the potential nervous system toxicity associated with MMAE-based ADCs. Specifically, a higher incidence of peripheral neuropathy has been reported in ADCs inco

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… Acetyl-L-carnitine: from a biological curiosity to a drug for the peripheral nervous system and beyond. Expert Rev. Neurother. 2013;13:925–936. doi: 10.1586/14737175.2013.814930. 113. Brami C., Bao T., Deng G. … Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of acetyl-L-carnitine for the prevention of taxane-induced neuropathy in women undergoing adjuvant breast cancer therapy. J. Clin. Oncol. 2013;31:2627–2633. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2012.44.8738. 116. …

Glucocorticoids-based prodrug design: Current strategies and research progress.

Attributing to their broad pharmacological effects encompassing anti-inflammation, antitoxin, and immunosuppression, glucocorticoids (GCs) are extensively utilized in the clinic for the treatment of diverse diseases such as lupus erythematosus, nephritis, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, keratitis, macular edema, and leukemia. However, long-term use often causes undesirable side effects, including metabolic disorders-induced Cushing's syndrome (buffalo back, full moon face, hyperglycemia, etc.), osteoporosis, aggravated infection, psychosis, glaucoma, and cataract. These notorious side e

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… Besides, some active small molecules such as sialic acid, carnitine, and fumaric acid can respectively improve the inflammatory targeting, lung targeting, and anti-inflammatory effects of GCs. It is worth noting that these prodrugs can also be prepared into different drug delivery systems. … based prodrugs | Prednisolone- l -carnitine | L-Carnitine | Esterase/ Hydrolysis-activated Ester | Intra-tracheal instillation | To treat chicken OVA-induced asthma in guinea pig; Actively targets the lung; Enhanced thera-peutic effects. | [ 168 , 169 ] Succinic acid-based prodrugs | Methylprednisolone …

Investigating the functions and molecular mechanisms of DTX3L in cancer progression.

In the field of tumor research, the process by which E3 ubiquitin ligases specifically ubiquitinate substrate proteins and promote their degradation has garnered significant attention. DTX3L, an emerging E3 ubiquitin ligase of the Deltex family, is closely associated with the development and progression of various malignant tumors. Through multiple mechanisms such as epigenetic modifications, signal pathway activation, and protein interaction networks, DTX3L precisely regulates key biological processes, including cell proliferation, cycle progression, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. This r

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… L-carnitine can alleviate cancer cachexia related skeletal muscle fibrosis and maintain skeletal muscle function. … In cancer cachexia models, L-carnitine reduces fibrosis via the DTX3L-Runx2-COL1A1 axis, indicating DTX3L’s significant role in tumor cachexia. …

Clinician guidelines for the treatment of psychiatric disorders with nutraceuticals and phytoceuticals: The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Taskforce.

OBJECTIVES: The therapeutic use of nutrient-based 'nutraceuticals' and plant-based 'phytoceuticals' for the treatment of mental disorders is … eakly supported in the treatment of ADHD, while omega-3 (+/-) and omega-9 fatty acids (-), acetyl L carnitine (-), and zinc (+/-) were not supported. Phytoceuticals with supporting Grade A evidence and positive directionality included St John's wort (+++), saffron (++), curcumin (++), and lavender (+) in the treatment of unipolar depression, while rhodiola …

Respiratory and allergic diseases: from upper respiratory tract infections to asthma.

Patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis may benefit from hydration and a diet low in sodium, omega-6 fatty acids, and transfatty acids, b … mg daily. Red blood cell magnesium levels may guide the use of magnesium replacement. The use of L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10 in patients with COPD needs further study. The addition of essential oils to the dietary regimen of patients with chronic bronchitis is worth exploring. Patients with upper respiratory tract infections can expect a shorter duration …

Genetic and Mechanistic Insights Inform Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Treatment and Symptomatic Management: Current and Emerging Therapeutics and Clinical Trial Design Considerations.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting both upper and lower motor neurons. ALS is classically characterized by painless progressive weakness, causing impaired function of limbs, speech, swallowing, and respiratory function. The disease is fatal within 2-4 years, often the result of respiratory failure. The pathologic hallmark for a majority of ALS cases is aberrant cytoplasmic accumulations of the nuclear protein TAR-DNA binding protein (TDP-43). A total of 10-15% of ALS can be attributed to a single gene mutation, known as genetic or "familia

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… Use of Supplements in Management of ALS Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) Carnitine is a human amino acid that contributes to mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. … This finding was reversed after 6 months of treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine, though the same pattern was not seen in nitric oxide measurements [ 178 ]. …

Adult-Onset Hyperammonemia: Case Report and Review of Literature.

INTRODUCTION: Hyperammonemia is a life-threatening condition most associated with liver disease, though non-cirrhotic causes are increasingly recognized. CASE PRESENTATION: We report an 18-year-old female presenting with 1 week of progressive confusion, abdominal pain, and nausea. Initial evaluation showed normal routine laboratories but markedly elevated ammonia and respiratory alkalosis. She rapidly deteriorated, requiring intubation and intensive care. Ammonia peaked at 795 µg/dL and improved rapidly after urgent venous hemofiltration and medical therapy, with full neurological recovery by

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… of HA Acute liver failure or chronic liver disease | − Viral hepatitis − Drugs and toxins: tylenol toxicity, mushroom poisoning − Metabolic disorders, e.g., Wilson’s disease Decreased ammonia elimination | Inborn errors of metabolism − UCDs − Organic acidurias (commonly presents during childhood) − Carnitine … elevated ammonia production in the splanchnic circulation and the kidneys) − Medications affecting protein catabolism: intravenous or high-dose steroids Often asymptomatic unless there underlying UCD Decreased Elimination of Ammonia Causes of decreased elimination of ammonia include UCDs, such as carnitine …

Chemotherapy-induced neuropathies-a growing problem for patients and health care providers.

IntroductionChemotherapy-induced neuropathies are one of the most common side effects of cancer treatment, surpassing bone marrow suppression and kidney dysfunction. Chemotherapy effects on the nervous system vary between different classes of drugs and depend on specific chemical and physical properties of the drug used. The three most neurotoxic classes of anti-cancer drugs are: platinum-based drugs, taxanes, and thalidomide and its analogs; other, less neurotoxic but also commonly used drugs are: bortezomib, ixabepilone, and vinca alkaloids.MethodsHere, in this paper, based on our experience

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… In case of oxaliplatin, polymorphisms of genes affecting the activity of pivotal metal transporters or voltage‐gated sodium channel genes (e.g., organic cation transporters, organic cation/carnitine transporters, and some metal transporters, such as copper transporters and multidrug resistance‐associated … Randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial of acetyl‐L‐carnitine for the prevention of taxane‐induced neuropathy in women undergoing adjuvant breast cancer therapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 31, 2627–2633. Hideshima, T. , Chauhan, D. , Shima, Y. , Raje, N. , Davies, F. E. , Tai, Y. …

Shutting off the fuel supply to target metabolic vulnerabilities in multiple myeloma.

Pathways that govern cellular bioenergetics are deregulated in tumor cells and represent a hallmark of cancer. Tumor cells have the capacity to reprogram pathways that control nutrient acquisition, anabolism and catabolism to enhance their growth and survival. Tumorigenesis requires the autonomous reprogramming of key metabolic pathways that obtain, generate and produce metabolites from a nutrient-deprived tumor microenvironment to meet the increased bioenergetic demands of cancer cells. Intra- and extracellular factors also have a profound effect on gene expression to drive metabolic pathway

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… Eight metabolites, i.e., free carnitine, acetylcarnitine, glutamate, asymmetric dimethylarginine and phosphatidylcholine species, differed between MGUS and NDMM patients, supporting the notion that metabolic changes occur during myelomagenesis. … Glioma cells were incubated with tetradecylthioacetic acid (T11111141), which cannot be β-oxidized, and the oxidizable FA palmitic acid (PA), in the presence of l -carnitine and the carnitine palmitoyltransferase inhibitors etomoxir and aminocarnitine. l -carnitine partially abolished PA-mediated growth …

Вариации HLA у инуитов и нейроиммунное заболевание.

Мировой риск аутоиммунных заболеваний, особенно множественного склероза (МС), варьируется в зависимости от населения. Одним из ключевых факторов является иммунная вариация, обусловленная генетическими вариациями. Человеческая антигенная система лейкоцитов (HLA) играет центральную роль в представлении антигенов, иммунном регулировании и взаимодействии между носителями и патогенами. Изменение генов HLA имеет существенные клинические последствия, влияющие на риск аутоиммунных и нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Например, HLA-DRB1*15:01 остается самым сильным и наиболее систематически повторяемым ф

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… Arctic-adapted variants in genes such as carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-alpha (HNF1A) influence vitamin D metabolism and lipid-immune pathways, further shaping immune responses that differ from those observed at lower latitudes ( Stinson et al., 2025 ). … Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) P479L prevalence in live newborns in Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut . Mol. Genet. Metab. 101 , 200 – 204 . doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2010.07.013 20696606 El-Gabalawy H. ( 2024 ). …

Close interactions between lncRNAs, lipid metabolism and ferroptosis in cancer.

Abnormal lipid metabolism including synthesis, uptake, modification, degradation and transport has been considered a hallmark of malignant tumors and contributes to the supply of substances and energy for rapid cell growth. Meanwhile, abnormal lipid metabolism is also associated with lipid peroxidation, which plays an important role in a newly discovered type of regulated cell death termed ferroptosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proven to be associated with the occurrence and progression of cancer. Growing evidence indicates that lncRNAs are key regulators of abnormal lipid metabo

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… Acyl-CoA enters the mitochondria under the action of carnitine palmityl transferase (CPT) and is oxidized and decomposed to produce acetyl-CoA, FADH2 and NADH. … Carnitine palmityl transferase At present, it is known that FAO plays a role in inducing cancer cell metastasis and chemotherapy resistance and improving the stemness of cancer cells 65 , 121 , 133 - 135 . …

Импайримент митохондрий скелетных мышц у пациентов с новой диагностированной множественной склерозом, выявленный ¹H/³¹P магнитно-резонансной спектроскопией.

Нарушение функции митохондрий участвует в патофизиологии множественной скlerоза (МС) и может способствовать его усталости и слабости мышц. Являются ли метаболические изменения скелетных мышц присутствующими на этапе начала заболевания — неясно. В этой наблюдательной изученной парой случаев и контрольной группы мы исследовали метаболизм мышц и его связь с системными метаболическими показателями у новых пациентов с МС (ПМС), не подвергшихся лечению, и соответствующих здоровых контрольных групп. Метаболизм гастроцинемия оценивался с помощью статической и динамической 7 Т 1H/31P магнитно-резонансн

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Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) and may contribute to its fatigue and muscle weakn … insulin, and GLP-1. Static MRS revealed lower carnosine (p = 0.044) and a trend toward lower acetylcarnitine in PwMS. Dynamic ³¹P-MRS showed elevated pre-exercise inorganic phosphate (Pi; p = 0.012), trend toward reduced PCr/Pi ratio, and prolonged PCr recovery (p = 0.031) in PwMS. PwMS also had reduced GLP-1 response during OGTT (p = 0.032) despite preser …

Нейропатия, вызванная Бортезомибами, в множестве миэломы проявляется как падение ступни из-за перонеального нервного паралича.

Мы представляем пример человека в возрасте 50 лет с множественной миэломой, который развился после того, как получил комбинацию химиотерапии бортезомиб-дексаметасона. Для подтверждения диагноза и оценки степени нейропатии были проведены диагностические оценки, включая гематологические параметры, исследования в области нерва и съемки. У него была консервативная анальгетика и витаминные добавки, а бортезомиб временно удерживался. Нейропатия постепенно улучшалась, и бортезомиб был успешно восстановлен без повторного падения ног. Падение ног, вызванное борезомибом, является редким осложнением лече

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… There is no established preventive treatment for BiPN, even though several approaches have been attempted, including dose modifications and nutraceutical compounds, including L-arginine, nervonic acid, Curcuma rhizome and acetyl-L-carnitine. 16 17 The use of analgesics is also controversial; as such, … Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR) for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib, doxorubicin and low-dose dexamethasone: a study from the Wisconsin Oncology Network. …

Длиннокаменистые толстые кислоты как движущие факторы нейроинфламмации в нейродегенерации: механистические связи с липидом пероксидацией, Ферроптозом и митохондриальной дисфункцией.

Фон: Нейродегенеративные заболевания (НИ) рассматриваются главным образом как расстройства, характеризующиеся серьезным иммунометаболическим дисбалансом, характеризующимся текущей нейроинфламмацией и глиальной активацией. Хотя митохондриальная дисфункция и окислительный стресс являются хорошо известными особенностями, метаболические факторы в верхнем течении, связывающие эти патологические процессы, по-прежнему плохо понимаются. Методы: В ходе этого обзора мы изучили недавние доклинические и клинические исследования, в ходе которых были изучены связи между липидным метаболизмом, иммунометаболи

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… Mechanistically, carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine are promising because they support mitochondrial fatty acid transport and β-oxidation, which could lower LCFA buildup, enhance mitochondrial performance, and reduce oxidative damage; however, clinical data in neurodegenerative conditions remain mixed … The Role of L-Carnitine in Mitochondria, Prevention of Metabolic Inflexibility and Disease Initiation Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022 23 2717 10.3390/ijms23052717 35269860 PMC8910660 68. Yang W. Lei X. Liu F. Sui X. Yang Y. Xiao Z. Cui Z. Sun Y. Yang J. Yang X. …

Multiplatform plasma fingerprinting in cancer cachexia: a pilot observational and translational study.

BACKGROUND: Cachexia is a metabolic syndrome that affects up to 50-80% of cancer patients. The pathophysiology is characterized by a variable combination of reduced food intake and abnormal metabolism, including systemic inflammation and negative protein and energy balance. Despite its high clinical significance, defined diagnostic criteria and established therapeutic strategies are lacking. The 'omics' technologies provide a global view of biological systems. We hypothesize that blood-based metabolomics might identify findings in cachectic patients that could provide clues to gain knowledge o

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… Especially oesophageal, pancreatic, and gastrointestinal cancers have shown a positive correlation between high levels of plasma glycerol and free fatty acids, relative weight loss, 33 , 34 , 35 and low serum levels of carnitine. 36 Also, several plasma markers of inflammation have been identified as … Decrease of serum carnitine levels in patients with or without gastrointestinal cancer cachexia . World J Gastroenterol 2006 ; 12 : 4541 – 4545 . 16874868 10.3748/wjg.v12.i28.4541 PMC4125643 37 Gioulbasanis I , Georgoulias P , Vlachostergios PJ , Baracos V , Ghosh S , Giannousi Z , et al. …

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in adults: a comprehensive update of the literature.

Commonly used chemotherapeutic agents in oncology/hematology practice, causing toxic peripheral neuropathy, include taxanes, platinum compounds, vinca alkaloids, proteasome inhibitors, and antiangiogenic/immunomodulatory agents. This review paper intends to put together and discuss the spectrum of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) characteristics so as to highlight areas of future research to pursue on the topic. Current knowledge shows that the pathogenesis of CIPN still remains elusive, mostly because there are several sites of involvement in the peripheral nervous system. In

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… A pilot study on the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine in paclitaxel- and cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Tumori. 2005;91(2):135–138. doi: 10.1177/030089160509100206. 43. Argyriou AA, Chroni E, Koutras A, et al. … A double-blind, randomized phase II study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of acetyl-L-carnitine in the prevention of sagopilone-induced peripheral neuropathy. Oncologist. 2013;18(11):1190–1191. doi: 10.1634/theoncologist.2013-0061. 58. …

2024 Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Pharmacologic Treatment of Overweight and Obesity by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity.

The Korean Society for the Study of Obesity has published the 9th edition of its Clinical Practice Guidelines to provide updated, evidence-based recommendations for the management of overweight and obesity. Developed through a structured process of systematic literature review and expert consensus, these guidelines incorporate recent clinical evidence for obesity management. Key clinical questions were formulated using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework and addressed through comprehensive evaluations of randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, systematic revie

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… Carnitine transport and fatty acid oxidation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016;1863:2422–35. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.01.023. 122. Pooyandjoo M, Nouhi M, Shab-Bidar S, Djafarian K, Olyaeemanesh A. … The effect of (L-)carnitine on weight loss in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obes Rev. 2016;17:970–6. doi: 10.1111/obr.12436. 123. Jobgen WS, Fried SK, Fu WJ, Meininger CJ, Wu G. …

Understanding CAM Natural Health Products: Implications of Use Among Cancer Patients and Survivors.

Herbs, vitamins, and other natural health products are being used by cancer patients and survivors with increasing prevalence in the United States. These complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) products, which are also referred to as natural health products in Canada and abroad, are used during cancer treatment and the survivorship period to ease the burden of symptoms such as pain, fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, and depression and hence improve overall quality of life. Data indicate that while patients choose these products for self-treatment, they often do not inform their health-care prov

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… Carnitine, specifically referred to as levocarnitine (L-carnitine) is a "carrier molecule involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane and is required in mammalian energy metabolism" (Sood et al., 2007, p. 10). … Since carnitine is involved in metabolism, it has been examined as a potential supplement to improve fatigue. Coenzyme Q10, also known as ubiquinone, is a fat-soluble antioxidant that is under study for its effects on cardiovascular health, Alzhiemer’s disease, cancer, and other health conditions. …