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First Outbreak of African Swine Fever in Wild Boar in Nepal.

This case report documents the first confirmed outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) in a wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Nepal. The case was identified in a wild boar carcass found in Shuklaphanta National Park in February 2023. Post-mortem findings, including splenomegaly, haemorrhagic lymph nodes and congested organs, were suggestive of ASF, which was confirmed by real-time PCR. Epidemiological evidence indicates potential transmission from nearby ASF-infected domestic pigs. This case underscores the critical need for rigorous biosecurity protocols, comprehensive surveillance and targeted wildlif…

Cutaneous Lymphoma in a Tertiary Skin Hospital and Referral Centre in Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous lymphomas are a distinct group of rare lymphoid neoplasms with absence of extracutaneous lymphomas at the time of presentation. They are rare in Nepal and no data on cutaneous lymphoma have been published from this country till date. METHODS: This retrospective study included 15 cases of cutaneous lymphomas retrieved from the records of department of Dermatopathology, DI Skin Hospital and Referral Centre, Bansbari, Kathmandu, Nepal. Patients were diagnosed according to the current WHO classification for cutaneous lymphoma. RESULTS: A total of 15 cases were studi…

Screening of Breast among Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer ranks as the second most prevalent malignancy among women in Nepal. This cancer has a high likelihood of cure, if detected early. Therefore, it is imperative to emphasize awareness and screening for breast cancer in Nepal. It indeed underscores the importance of clinical breast examination. The study aims to find the disease burden, association of abnormal breast condition with sociodemographic variables, and the need for change in the breast cancer screening protocol. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2023 on 100 female participan…

Gastric Neoplasm: A Clinicopathological Study in the Tertiary Care Center of Nepal.

Background Gastric carcinoma is the commonest upper gastrointestinal malignancy contributing to global burden of cancer morbidity and mortality. Objective The objective is to study distribution of the gastric neoplasm according to age, sex, symptom, gross appearance, histological type and degree of differentiation. Method This was a retrospective study done from January 2022 to December 2023 in the Department of Pathology, Dhulikhel Hospital - Kathmandu University Hospital (DH - KUH). Relevant clinical data of the patients were obtained from the histopathological records of the patient from th

Role of traditional healers in the management of microbial keratitis in eastern Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Microbial Keratitis (MK) is a leading cause of corneal blindness due to infection and its consequences, with a higher incidence in resource-limited nations. Hospital-based patient records from different parts of Nepal suggest patients often use traditional eye medicine to treat MK. Traditional healers (TH) within the community are often the first point of care for MK management. Little is known of their practice, perceptions, and knowledge around MK management. We aimed to understand the role of traditional healers in the management of MK in south-eastern Nepal. METHODS: A cross-s…

Risk factors for corneal abrasions in Nepal: a community-based study.

BACKGROUND: South Asia is experiencing rapid urbanization, which may be changing the risk factor profile for ocular trauma. The objective of this study was to compare risk factors for traumatic corneal abrasions in rural versus urban Nepal, and to assess if any risk factors were associated with a poor outcome. METHODS: In a prospective, cross-sectional, community-based study performed as part of a cluster-randomized trial, community health workers from Nepal were trained to diagnose and treat traumatic corneal abrasions. Participants with an abrasion were invited to complete a risk factor sur…

A rare case of pediatric orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in Nepal: a case report.

UNLABELLED: Orbital rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a highly malignant, mesenchymal orbital tumor of childhood with a predilection in children les … n of alveolar RMS. He also received radiotherapy and chemotherapy at one of the cancer hospitals in Nepal. Postsurgical follow-up showed gradual improvement in the visual acuity of the right eye. No evidence of metastasis and recurrence was found upon subsequent follow-up. CONCLUSION: Thus, early diagnosis and prompt treatment is most for a favorable p …

Prevalence of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in Far-western Province of Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Although diabetes is emerging as growing public health problem, there is limited population based data about the prevalence of the disease in Nepal. METHODS: This cross-sectional population-based survey, conducted in the Far-western province of Nepal from April 2020 to April 2021, used standardized RAAB + DR methodology. Diabetes was diagnosed on the basis of treatment history and random blood sugar test results of greater than 200 mg/dl. Diabetic retinopathy screening was done by ophthalmologists. All relevant data were imported into the RAAB software package (RAAB V.6) for analy…

Evaluation of Quality Parameters of Light Sensitive Drugs Marketed in Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Photosensitivity is the response of drug or drug product to the exposure of solar, UV and visible light in the solid, semisolid, … verage. CONCLUSIONS: The result of this study indicates that substandard medicines are abundant in Nepalese market. There is weak regulation monitoring which have resulted in no uniformity in similar pharmaceutical products too. Hence, stringent regulatory monitoring is required to assessthe quality of pharmaceutical products in the Nepalese market.

Survey of intestinal parasites in swine farms raised in Western Nepal.

BACKGROUND: Pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus), an important domestic livestock, are generally affected by helminth and protozoan parasites. Rearing pigs in rural regions in Nepal is a common practice for subsistence farming. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites (GIPs) in pigs raised in Western Nepal. METHODS: A total of 200 faecal samples from commercial and smallholder farms were examined by wet mounts, flotation, sedimentation and staining techniques. RESULTS: The results revealed that overall 86.5% of samples were found shedding oocys…

Nepal's worst dengue outbreak is a wake-up call for action.

Nepal had its worst dengue outbreak in 2022. Climate change, urbanization and increased transportation networks have favoured dengue mosquito vectors. As the monsoon season approaches, dengue outbreak seems inevitable. Strengthening the national dengue preventive strategy, healthcare planning and resource allocation is essential to avoid future outbreaks.

Клиникопатологические данные о заражении денге в центре третичного ухода в Непале.

Денге - это вирусная болезнь, переносимая комарами, с широким спектром презентаций, начиная от субклинических заболеваний и кончая тяжелым денге. Денге эндемична для непальских тераев. Интересно отметить, что в горных районах, таких, как долина Катманду, отмечается рост числа таких случаев. В ходе этого исследования изучался клинопатологический профиль инфекции денге. МЕТОДЫ: В период с сентября по ноябрь 2019 года в Медицинском колледже КИСТ было принято на работу 84 подтвержденных серологической точки зрения случая заболевания денге после получения этического одобрения. Денге были отнесены к

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease with a wide spectrum of presentations ranging from subclinical disease to severe dengue. Dengue is endemic to the Terai of Nepal. Interestingly, an increasing incidence has been reported from hilly areas like Kathmandu valley. This study explored the clinicopathological profile of dengue infection. METHOD…

Factors associated to acceptance and willingness to pay for COVID vaccine in Nepal.

INTRODUCTION: Corona virus disease (COVID-19) remains pandemic globally. Vaccination is considered one of the best means to control both morbidity and mortality of COVID-19. The study aims to find out the people's acceptance and willingness to pay for it. METHODS: The study used cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire from 1072 respondents (age 20-60 years) from 14 districts of Nepal. Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents were independent and acceptance of vaccine was the dependent variable. RESULTS: The study found that 84% of the respo…

Neurobrucellosis presenting with the features of meningoencephalitis: A case report from Nepal.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Brucellosis or Malta fever is a zoonotic disease caused by the Brucella species. Patients with neurobrucellosis may present with features of meningoencephalitis. Thus, a high degree of suspicion is required for the diagnosis in the endemic region. CASE PRESENTATION: A 13-year old female with a history of exposure to domestic animals presented with the features of meningoencephalitis (intermittent fever with chills and rigor and generalized tonic-clonic seizure). CLINICAL FINDINGS AND INVESTIGATIONS: Examination revealed drowsy and lethargic patient with bilateral

Prevalence of Post Tonsillectomy Haemorrhage at a Tertiary Care Centre in Nepal.

INTRODUCTION: Tonsillectomy is one of the common ENT surgical procedures. Post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage remains a frequent complication which can be potentially life-threatening. The objective of the present study was to calculate the prevalence of haemorrhage following a tonsillectomy at a tertiary care centre. METHODS: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed by medical chart review of the patients who underwent tonsillectomy from January 2018 to December 2019 at the department of ENT- Head and Neck Surgery of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital. Ethical approval was obtaine

Quality of water for reprocessing of medical devices in healthcare facilities in Nepal.

Reusable medical devices are decontaminated and sterilized often many times by healthcare facilities across the globe. Reprocessing of medical devices comprises several processes and water plays an important role in some of these, including cleaning and steam sterilization. The water used is required to have certain qualities to ensure the effectiveness of the processes. In this short communication, we report findings of our study which measured quality parameters (pH, total hardness) for water used for medical device reprocessing in 13 primary and secondary care public hospitals in Nepal. The…

Quality Assessment of an Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System in a Province of Nepal.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem, and Nepal is no exception. Countries are expected to report annually to the World Health Organization on their AMR surveillance progress through a Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System, in which Nepal enrolled in 2017. We assessed the quality of AMR surveillance data during 2019-2020 at nine surveillance sites in Province 3 of Nepal for completeness, consistency, and timeliness and examined barriers for non-reporting sites. Here, we present the results of this cross-sectional descriptive study of secondary AMR data from five rep…

Behcet's disease in an adult male from Nepal: A case report.

This case report highlights considering Behcet's disease as a diagnosis in orogenital ulcers and uveitis, although its prevalence is unknown in Nepal due to underreporting. Also, collaboration for patient care among relevant specialties is required.

The Double Burden of COVID-19 and Dengue in Nepal: The challenges ahead.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant impact on the health care system. As a consequence, diagnosis and treatment of vector borne diseases including dengue has been equally affected. Nepal is no exception to this, where COVID-19 cases is exponentially increased and all resources are concentrated on its prevention, control and management. Dengue, one of the major vector-borne diseases in Nepal, is apparently overlooked despite approaching the peak season of the disease. The aim of this paper is to describe the double burden of COVID-19 and dengue in Nepal, particul…