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Enhancing the Safety of Nanoparticles in Medicine: Highlights of Progress and Critical Objectives.

Nanoparticles have transformed drug delivery, imaging, vaccination, and precision therapeutics, but their clinical translation remains constrained by safety profiles that are inseparable from material design, biological identity, host factors, and manufacturing. This review critically evaluates recent progress, persistent limitations, and priority objectives for safer nanomedicine. Unlike reviews organized primarily by material class or isolated toxicology endpoints, we integrate physicochemical determinants, protein corona formation, immune recognition, organ disposition, preclinical models,

Chemokines and their receptors in oral squamous cell carcinoma: mechanisms, clinical significance, and therapeutic implications.

Chemokines, a category of cytokines exhibiting chemotactic properties, have been thoroughly investigated as targets in cancer treatment in recent decades. In oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a prevalent and high-risk malignancy of the head and neck, chemokines interact with their specific receptors to initiate downstream signaling pathways. This signaling influences not only tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis of oral cancer cells but also angiogenesis and vascular maturation. Furthermore, they modulate the tumor microenvironment (TME), which consists of diverse c

Abstract

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… PB002: Ticagrelor Inhibits Platelet‐induced Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps I.C. Moschonas 1 ; K.M. Hansson 2 ; D. Stakos 3 ; A.D. … traps (NETs) are filamentous structures consisting of decondensed chromatin and granular proteins that have antimicrobial properties and are also involved in atherothrombosis. …

Novel immunotherapeutic approaches in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor that ranks third in cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early-stage gastric cancer can often be effectively managed through surgical resection. However, the majority of cases are diagnosed in advanced stages, where outcomes with conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy remain unsatisfactory. Immunotherapy offers a novel approach to treating molecularly heterogeneous gastric cancer by modifying the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapy are regarded as promising modalities in cancer immunotherapy. Food

Hypoxia within the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment: a master saboteur of novel treatments.

Glioblastoma (GBM) tumors are the most aggressive primary brain tumors in adults that, despite maximum treatment, carry a dismal prognosis. GBM tumors exhibit tissue hypoxia, which promotes tumor aggressiveness and maintenance of glioma stem cells and creates an overall immunosuppressive landscape. This article reviews how hypoxic conditions overlap with inflammatory responses, favoring the proliferation of immunosuppressive cells and inhibiting cytotoxic T cell development. Immunotherapies, including vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and CAR-T cell therapy, represent promising avenues f

Exploring the Complexity and Promise of Tumor Immunotherapy in Drug Development.

Cancer represents a significant threat to human health, and traditional chemotherapy or cytotoxic therapy is no longer the sole or preferred approach for managing malignant tumors. With advanced research into the immunogenicity of tumor cells and the growing elderly population, tumor immunotherapy has emerged as a prominent therapeutic option. Its significance in treating elderly cancer patients is increasingly recognized. In this study, we review the conceptual classifications and benefits of immunotherapy, and discuss recent developments in new drugs and clinical progress in cancer treatment

Molecular-targeted therapy toward precision medicine for gastrointestinal caner: Current progress and challenges.

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer remains the deadliest cancer in the world. The current standard treatment for GI cancer focuses on 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapeutic regimens and surgery, and molecular-targeted therapy is expected to be a more effective and less toxic therapeutic strategy for GI cancer. There is well-established evidence for the use of epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted and vascular endothelial growth factor-targeted antibodies, which should routinely be incorporated into treatment strategies for GI cancer. Other potential therapeutic targets involve the PI3K/AKT pathwa

Tumor cell plasticity in targeted therapy-induced resistance: mechanisms and new strategies.

Despite the success of targeted therapies in cancer treatment, therapy-induced resistance remains a major obstacle to a complete cure. Tumor cells evade treatments and relapse via phenotypic switching driven by intrinsic or induced cell plasticity. Several reversible mechanisms have been proposed to circumvent tumor cell plasticity, including epigenetic modifications, regulation of transcription factors, activation or suppression of key signaling pathways, as well as modification of the tumor environment. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor cell and cancer stem cell formation also serv

A malignant symbiosis: The neuro-metabolic symphony rewires the tumor microenvironment.

Emerging evidence in cancer neuroscience has established a reciprocal bidirectional loop between neural signaling and tumor metabolism as a central driver of malignant progression. This review critically evaluates bidirectional neuro-metabolic symbiosis and its profound implications for overcoming treatment refractoriness. We first analyzed the anterograde mechanism, in which peripheral nerve terminals and systemic endocrine factors impose distinct metabolic dependencies on malignant and stromal cell populations. By forcing alterations in nutrient utilization pathways, these neural cues create

The Multifaceted Role of Annexin A1 in Colorectal Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Predictive and Prognostic Implications.

Annexin A1 (ANXA1), a calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, is considered a key modulator of cancer biology. Numerous pieces of evidence support its multifaceted involvement in tumor progression, metastatic dissemination, immune escape, and resistance to therapy in various malignancies, such as melanoma, along with liver, lung, and digestive tract tumors, including stomach and colorectal cancer (CRC). Although colon and rectal cancer (RC) exhibit overlapping characteristics, they are classified as separate clinical entities due to differences in tumor biology and therapy approaches.

Immunotherapy for precision medicine in colorectal cancer.

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The implementation of CRC screening has decreased CRC incidence in adults older than 65 years. However, among young adults who experience more aggressive disease progression, CRC incidence has been increasing for decades. Immunotherapy represents a collection of innovative and promising approaches with greater efficacy and safety. In this review, we discuss modalities and selected targets of immunotherapies for CRCs that are guided by precision medicine.Ar

Atherosclerosis and the Bidirectional Relationship Between Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Bedside, Part 2 Management.

The first part of this review highlighted the evolving landscape of atherosclerosis, noting emerging cardiometabolic risk factors, the growing impact of exposomes, and social determinants of health. The prominent role of atherosclerosis in the bidirectional relationship between cardiovascular disease and cancer was also discussed. In this second part, we examine the complex interplay between multimorbid cardio-oncologic patients, cardiometabolic risk factors, and the harmful environments that lend a "syndemic" nature to these chronic diseases. We summarize management strategies targeting disor

Revisiting potential value of antitumor drugs in the treatment of COVID-19.

Since an outbreak started in China in 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly become a worldwide epidemic with high contagiousness and caused mass mortalities of infected cases around the world. Currently, available treatments for COVID-19, including supportive care, respiratory support and antiviral therapy, have shown limited efficacy. Thus, more effective therapeutic modalities are highly warranted. Drug repurposing, as an efficient strategy to explore a potential broader scope of the application of approved drugs beyond their original indications, accelerates the process of d

Identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for osteoarthritis associated with arginine and proline metabolism based on transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics.

Background and objectivesOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease. Approximately 300 million people worldwide suffer from OA, which shows a high incidence in middle-aged and elderly populations, with a prevalence of 50% among individuals aged over 60 years. Its core clinical symptoms consist of joint pain, swelling, and dysfunction. Studies have shown that arginine and proline metabolism play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of OA, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to identify biomarkers and drug therapeutic targets for OA ass

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… Identification of biomarkers related to neutrophil extracellular traps and potential therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis using computational analysis . Eur. J. Med. Res. 30 ( 1 ), 965 . 10.1186/s40001-025-03213-y 41088461 PMC12522263 Shorter E. Sannicandro A. J. Poulet B. …

Прогнозирующие биомаркеры для общего выживания пациентов, проходящих операцию на метастазах костей: исследование пан-ракера.

Быстрое диагностирование и прогнозируемая оценка метастаза костей (БМ) по-прежнему сопряжены с трудностями, поскольку большинство исследований и перспективных моделей концентрируются на одной первичной опухоли и пренебрегают биомаркерами, связанными с принимающей страной. Таким образом, это панраковое исследование было направлено на оценку метаболизма костей, провокационных и гематологических биомаркеров у пациентов, проходящих хирургическую операцию для БМ, выявление факторов риска для развития БМ и создание прогнозной номограммы. Потенциальная группа взрослых пациентов с гистологическим подт

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… A signature for pan-cancer prognosis based on neutrophil extracellular traps. J Immunother Cancer. (2022) 10. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004210 81. Wang L, Huang G, Xiao H, Leng X, A. Pan-cancer analysis of the association of metrn with prognosis and immune infiltration in human tumors. …

NUPR1 Promotes Radioresistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Ferroptosis.

Radioresistance is a major clinical challenge and the underlying mechanism has not been thoroughly elucidated. In this study, a radioresistant (RR) cell line is established to explore the transcriptomic signatures of radioresistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). KEGG enriched pathway analysis demonstrated that ferroptosis is inactivated in RR cells. Further detection confirmed that radiotherapy can promote ferroptosis, and ferroptosis inactivation is one of the hallmarks of radioresistance in CRC. What's more, induction of ferroptosis can restore the radiosensitivity of CRC cells. Then, we perfo

Thrombotic risk in hepatitis C: Interplay between hepatic dysfunction, viral-driven inflammation, and cardiovascular consequences.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, traditionally regarded as a hepatotropic disease, is increasingly recognized as a systemic condition with significant thrombotic implications. Chronic HCV induces a persistent proinflammatory and prothrombotic state that substantially elevates the risk of both venous and arterial events. Mechanistically, HCV drives endothelial dysfunction, enhances platelet activation, disrupts coagulation and fibrinolytic balance, and promotes immune-mediated vascular injury through cryoglobulinemia and chronic systemic inflammation. Clinical manifestations range from portal

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… Additional prothrombotic influences include alterations in circulating microparticles, cell-free DNA, and neutrophil extracellular traps. Together, these changes promote a shift toward a pro-coagulant state[ 18 ]. Fibrinolytic balance is also disrupted in cirrhosis. …

Exploring the association and causal effect between white blood cells and psoriasis using large-scale population data.

IntroductionPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. A few studies have shown that psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease in which multiple immune cells play crucial roles. However, the association between circulating immune cells and psoriasis remains elusive.MethodsTo explore the role of circulating immune cells in psoriasis, 361,322 individuals from the UK Biobank (UKB) and 3,971 patients with psoriasis from China were included to investigate the association between white blood cells and psoriasis via an observational study. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and Mendel

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… The respiratory burst with reactive oxygen species generation, degranulation, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps from neutrophils have been discovered to contribute to the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis ( 10 ). …

Sotatercept in patients with osteolytic lesions of multiple myeloma.

This phase IIa study evaluated the safety and tolerability of sotatercept, and its effects on bone metabolism and haematopoiesis in newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Patients were randomized (4:1) to receive four 28-d cycles of sotatercept (0·1, 0·3, or 0·5 mg/kg) or placebo. Patients also received six cycles of combination oral melphalan, prednisolone, and thalidomide (MPT). Thirty patients were enrolled; six received placebo and 24 received sotatercept. Overall, 25% of patients received all four sotatercept doses; 71% of sotatercept-treated patients had ≥1 dose int

"Bioinspired" Membrane-Coated Nanosystems in Cancer Theranostics: A Comprehensive Review.

Achieving precise cancer theranostics necessitates the rational design of smart nanosystems that ensure high biological safety and minimize non-specific interactions with normal tissues. In this regard, "bioinspired" membrane-coated nanosystems have emerged as a promising approach, providing a versatile platform for the development of next-generation smart nanosystems. This review article presents an in-depth investigation into the potential of these nanosystems for targeted cancer theranostics, encompassing key aspects such as cell membrane sources, isolation techniques, nanoparticle core sel