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Therapeutic Plasma Exchange Using Membrane Plasma Separation Across a Broad Spectrum of Indications: An Eight-Year Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) removes pathogenic plasma constituents such as autoantibodies, immune complexes and monoclonal proteins. Plasma can be separated by centrifugation or by membrane plasma separation (MPS); although MPS predominates in many centers because it can be delivered at the bedside on standard renal replacement platforms, most published outcome data derive from centrifugal techniques. OBJECTIVE: To describe the indications, complications, laboratory changes and clinician-assessed treatment response of MPS-based TPE in an unselected single-center cohort. MET

Global health burdens of plastics: a lifecycle assessment model from 2016 to 2040.

BackgroundQuantifying human health impacts throughout plastics lifecycles can inform global action against pollution that promotes sustainability across environmental, economic, and health concerns.MethodsWe combined material flow analysis, using the Plastics-to-Ocean model, with lifecycle assessment (LCA) to quantitatively compare disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) associated with plastics lifecycles, under different global consumption and waste management scenarios between 2016 and 2040. We estimated global health effects of greenhouse gases, particulate matter, and specific chemical emi

Исследование тенденций беременности, репродуктивных характеристик и инвалидности у женщин с множественным склерозом: вторичный анализ данных национального регистра в Иране.

Справочная информация: Множественный склероз (МС) в основном затрагивает женщин детородного возраста, что оказывает значительное влияние на качество их жизни (КОЛ). Диагноз MS может влиять на намерение беременности, а уровень инвалидности, связанный с MS, может меняться до и после беременности. Цель этого исследования заключается в анализе репродуктивных характеристик иранских женщин-болельщиков с НРЖС и их связи с расширенной шкалой взносов в связи с инвалидностью (РПСС) и тенденцией к беременности, что позволяет получить ценную информацию о динамике заболеваний и разработке специальных метод

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… Moreover, the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and Monte Carlo method were used to evaluate the relationship between categorical variables. Comparisons between groups were made using the Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Bonferroni post hoc tests. … Carlo method Characteristics | Total (n = 1120) | RRMS (n = 1006, 90%) | SPMS (n = 78, 7%) | RPMS (n = 13, 1%) | PPMS (n = 23, 2%) | P Age at MS diagnosis (year) | 31 (26, 36) | 31 (26, 36) | 33 (26, 40) | 29 (23, 40) | 36 (27, 46) | 0.020 * Age at symptoms onset (year) | 29 (25, 35) | 29 (25, 35) | …

Cost-Effectiveness of Elranatamab Versus Teclistamab for the Management of Patients with Triple-Class Exposed Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma in Italy.

BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma remains an incurable malignancy in which patients ultimately experience relapses and refractory disease despite therapeutic advances. Triple-class exposed relapsed/refractory MM (TCE/RRMM) patients represent both a population with high unmet clinical needs and a substantial economic burden for the Italian National Health Service (NHS). Recently, BCMA-CD3 bispecific antibodies, including elranatamab and teclistamab, have expanded the treatment options for these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of elranatamab versus teclistamab in adults

Causal Estimation of Long-term Intervention Cost-effectiveness Using Genetic Instrumental Variables: An Application to Cancer.

BACKGROUND: This article demonstrates a means of assessing long-term intervention cost-effectiveness in the absence of data from randomized controlled trials and without recourse to Markov simulation or similar types of cohort simulation. METHODS: Using a Mendelian randomization study design, we developed causal estimates of the genetically predicted effect of bladder, breast, colorectal, lung, multiple myeloma, ovarian, prostate, and thyroid cancers on health care costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) using outcome data drawn from the UK Biobank cohort. We then used these estimates i

A network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials in lenalidomide-exposed or -refractory multiple myeloma patients.

BACKGROUND: The treatment landscape for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is rapidly evolving, particularly for patients exposed or refractory to lenalidomide. With the aim of evaluating the relative efficacy of lenalidomide-free regimens as second-line treatment options, an updated network meta-analysis, incorporating phase II/III randomized controlled trials, has been conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search identified eight eligible trials comprising 3952 patients. The primary outcome was progression-free survival (PFS), analyzed through Bayesian and frequ

Клиническое воздействие Fingolimod-Associated Lymphopendia в многоразовом склерозе: исследование реального мирового культа.

Предыстория и цели: финолимод, a sphingosine-1-phosphate Рецепторный модулятор представляет собой эффективную, корректирующую заболевания терапию для восстановления форм множественного склероза (MS). Хотя лимфакопания является общепризнанным фармакологическим эффектом, ее клиническое значение остается неопределенным. В этом исследовании была дана оценка частотности и серьезности связанной с фенолимодом лимфопенсии, продольных гематологических изменений и их связи с клиническими результатами в реальной когорте MS. Материалы и методы: Это ретроспективное исследование 143 взрослые с РС, которые н

Maintenance therapy for cytogenetically high-risk multiple myeloma: landscape in the era of novel drugs.

Although the significant strides in novel therapeutic approaches have prolonged the survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, the unfavorable prognosis of cytogenetically high-risk newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) remains intractable with the lack of consensus regarding the choice of maintenance regimens. Therefore, this study was initiated with the aim of examining the effectiveness of various maintenance treatments for this group of patients in jeopardy. Overall, 17 studies with 1937 high-risk NDMM patients were included in the network meta-analysis. Combination therapies involving novel drugs pr

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… Markov chain Monte Carlo methods in biostatistics. Stat Methods Med Res. 1996;5(4):339–55. 20. Brooks SP, Gelman A. General methods for monitoring convergence of iterative simulations. J Comput Graph Stat. 1998;7(4):434–55. 21. Higgins JP, Thompson SG. …

Haematological and Oncological Training Therapy With Stationary Strength and Cardio Machines (HOT) in Routine Cancer Care: A 3-Year Real-World Evaluation of Acceptance, Feasibility, Safety, and Effects.

BackgroundExercise improves physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with cancer; however, nationwide structured programmes remain limited. A hospital in Germany implemented a donation-funded Haematological and Oncological Training Therapy with Stationary Strength and Cardio Machines (HOT), and a 3-year real-world data analysis aimed to evaluate its acceptance, feasibility, safety, and effects.MethodsHOT comprised 24 sessions of combined resistance and aerobic training, complemented by a sensorimotor module for patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuro

A cost-utility and budget impact analysis of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe thalassemic patients in Thailand.

BackgroundHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative treatment available to severe thalassemic patients. The treatment, however, is very costly, particularly in the context of low and middle income countries, and no studies have been carried out to explore its economic justifiability. This study aimed to estimate the cost-utility of HSCT compared with blood transfusions combined with iron chelating therapy (BT-ICT) for severe thalassemia in Thailand, and to investigate the affordability of HSCT using a budget impact analysis.MethodsA Markov model was used to estimate t

Applications and Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Spinal Metastasis Imaging: A Systematic Review.

Background: Spinal metastasis is the third most common site for metastatic localization, following the lung and liver. Manual detection through imaging modalities such as CT, MRI, PET, and bone scintigraphy can be costly and inefficient. Preliminary artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and computer-aided detection (CAD) systems have attempted to improve lesion detection, segmentation, and treatment response in oncological imaging. The objective of this review is to evaluate the current applications of AI across multimodal imaging techniques in the diagnosis of spinal metastasis. Methods: Da

Burden and temporal trends of non-communicable diseases from 1990 to 2021 and prediction to 2035 in the group of twenty countries: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a major global public health threat, closely linked to disruptions in host-microbe symbiosis and metabolic homeostasis. The Group of Twenty (G20) comprises the world's major economic powers with diverse developmental stages, yet the NCD burden and its potential implications for host and ecosystem resilience remain poorly characterized across these nations. This study aimed to systematically estimate the burden, temporal trends, and future projections of NCDs from 1990 to 2021 and up to 2035 in G20 countries.MethodsUsing data from the Global

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… Carlo methods ( Barati et al., 2024 ; Yuan et al., 2025 ). … The model leverages the integrated nested Laplace approximation to efficiently compute posterior distributions, overcoming computational bottlenecks of traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo methods while quantifying uncertainty through 95% UIs ( GBD 2021 Diabetes Collaborators, 2023 ). …

Improved curve fits to summary survival data: application to economic evaluation of health technologies.

BackgroundMean costs and quality-adjusted-life-years are central to the cost-effectiveness of health technologies. They are often calculated from time to event curves such as for overall survival and progression-free survival. Ideally, estimates should be obtained from fitting an appropriate parametric model to individual patient data. However, such data are usually not available to independent researchers. Instead, it is common to fit curves to summary Kaplan-Meier graphs, either by regression or by least squares. Here, a more accurate method of fitting survival curves to summary survival dat

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… Survival data were generated by simulating multiple independent trials by the Monte Carlo method in the statistics package R. Patient recruitment was modelled at a constant rate over a time period of 10 units, without loss of generality. … For each combination of parameter values (e.g. 100 patients, γ = 0.6, λ = 0.321, no additional censoring), 1,000 independent trials were simulated by the Monte Carlo method because this gave highly reproducible results. …

Impacts of Regulations on Air Quality and Emergency Department Visits in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area, 1999-2013.

INTRODUCTION: The United States and Western Europe have seen great improvements in air quality, presumably in response to various regulations curtailing emissions from the broad range of sources that have contributed to local, regional, and global pollution. Such regulations, and the ensuing controls, however, have not come without costs, which are estimated at tens of billions of dollars per year. These costs motivate accountability-related questions such as, to what extent do regulations lead to emissions changes? More important, to what degree have the regulations provided the expected huma

Societal Versus Healthcare Perspectives on the Cost Effectiveness of Ocrelizumab for Treatment of Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis in Aotearoa New Zealand.

OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive, degenerative, autoimmune neuronal disease. This study compares the impact of a societal versus a healthcare perspective on the cost effectiveness of treatment of primary progressive MS (PPMS) with ocrelizumab (OCR) versus best supportive care (BSC) in New Zealand. METHODS: The analysis utilises a lifetime cohort Markov model based on ten Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) states, plus death. It has two structurally identical arms, with forward transition probabilities in the treatment arm obtained by multiplying forward transition pro

A distinct CAR-T cell phenotype mediates therapeutic response at limited doses.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies are typically administered at high doses to maximize durable clinical responses. However, manufacturing constraints can limit the production of sufficient cells to achieve the intended dose. Although some patients experience durable responses after receiving lower CAR-T cell doses, the mechanisms underlying efficacy at these limited cell numbers remain poorly understood. To address this, we performed deep phenotyping of anti-CD19 CAR-T cell products and their corresponding leukapheresis starting materials from a phase I/II dose-escalation trial.

Роль надежной и надежной ИИ для множественных склерозов.

В настоящем документе анализируется важность обучения технике, пользующейся доверием, в контексте исследований и ухода в связи с множественным склерозом (MS). С учетом сложного и индивидуального характера НР существенно важное значение имеет потребность в надежных и надежных моделях ML. В настоящем документе рассматриваются ключевые аспекты надежного МЛ, такие, как нераспределенное обобщение, объясняемость, количественная оценка неопределенности и калибровка, с уделением особого внимания их значению для применения в сфере здравоохранения. Рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с интеграцией этих

A quality-adjusted survival analysis (Q-TWiST) of rituximab plus CVP vs CVP alone in first-line treatment of advanced follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

BackgroundTo evaluate the impact of treatment on health states that affect patients' quality of life in advanced follicular lymphoma.MethodsA quality-adjusted time without symptoms of disease or toxicity of treatment (Q-TwiST) analysis was performed on data from a phase III clinical trial (Marcus et al, 2008).ResultsCyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone plus rituximab (R-CVP)-treated patients gained a mean of 15.17 months in TWiST, 8.33 months in Q-TwiST, and 11.30 months less in disease relapse, without increase in toxicity compared with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (

Comparison of Three Distinct Prophylactic Agents Against Invasive Fungal Infections in Patients Undergoing Haplo-identical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Post-transplant Cyclophosphamide.

Over the past decade, invasive fungal infections (IFIs) have remained an important problem in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT). The optimal approach for prophylactic antifungal therapy has yet to bedetermined. We conducted a retrospective analysis, comparing the safety and efficacy of micafungin 50mg/day vs. fluconazole 400mg/day vs. itraconazole 200mg/day as prophylaxis for adult patients with various haematological diseases receiving haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) followed by high-dose cyclophosphamide (P

Варианты фармакологического лечения когнитивной дисфункции, вызванной множественным склерозом: сетевой метаанализ.

ЦЕЛИ: Сопоставление воздействия различных видов фармакологического лечения на результаты частичных тестов и неблагоприятное воздействие на пациентов с когнитивной дисфункцией (КД), вызванной множественным склерозом (МС), посредством сетевого метаанализа. МЕТОДЫ: База данных PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Bibrary и Web of Science были систематически извлечены для случайных контролируемых испытаний (RCTs), в ходе которых оценивалось влияние различных видов фармакологического лечения на компакт-диски у пациентов с MS. Поиск был обновлен до октября 8, 2024. Для оценки качества приемлемых исследований ис

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… Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for hierarchical clustering of dynamic causal models . Hum Brain Mapp . ( 2021 ) 42 : 2973 – 89 . doi: 10.1002/hbm.25431 , PMID: 33826194 PMC8193526 14. Smits RCF Emmen HH Bertelsmann FW Kulig BM Vanloenen AC Polman CH . …