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[Worsening situation of tuberculosis in Chile].

BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest an increase in tuberculosis (TB) incidence in Chile. AIM: To evaluate recent epidemiological trends, geographic extension and potential factors associated with TB reemergence in Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data analysis from official sources and trend analysis. RESULTS: TB incidence rate increased from 12.3 (2014) to 14.7 (2017) per 100,000 inhabitants. Morbidity rates also increased in nine out of 15 regions. The proportion of TB cases in specific groups has also increased in the last six years: HIV/AIDS (68%), immigrants (118%), drug users/alcoholics (267%…

[Papillomavirus and cervical cancer in Chile].

Molecular, clinical and epidemiological studies have established beyond doubt that human papiloma viruses (HPV) cause cervical cancer. The virus is also associated with genital warts and other less common cancers in oropharynx, vulva, vagina and penis. Worldwide, VPH genotypes 16 and 18 are the most common high risk genotypes, detected in near 70% of women with cervical cancer. The discovery of a cause-effect relationship between several carcinogenic microorganisms and cancer open avenues for new diagnostic, treatment and prevention strategies. In this issue of Revista Médica de Chile, two pap…

Is Sporothrix chilensis circulating outside Chile?

Sporothrix chilensis is a mild-pathogenical specie of Sporothrix pallida complex, until now, known as restrict to Chile. Herein, we describe the first clinical isolates identified as S. chilensis in Brazil, preserved in the URM Culture Collection, by polyphasic taxonomy, and their respective antifungal profile of this emergent fungus.

[Foodborne disease outbreaks surveillance in Chile].

BACKGROUND: Foodborne disease outbreaks are one of the main health problems globally, having an extensive impact on human welfare. The World Health Organization considers them as the main cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries, and responsible for high levels of loss of productivity in developed countries. AIM: To describe the epidemiology of foodborne disease outbreaks according to data contained in an automated surveillance system. METHOD: Descriptive observational study of notified outbreaks from the surveillance system, between 2005 and 2010 in Chile. The information wa…

Managing hazardous pollutants in Chile: arsenic.

Chile is one of the few countries that faces the environmental challenge posed by extensive arsenic pollution, which exists in the northern part of the country. Chile has worked through various options to appropriately address the environmental challenge of arsenic pollution of water and air. Because of cost and other reasons, copying standards used elsewhere in the world was not an option for Chile. Approximately 1.8 million people, representing about 12% of the total population of the country, live in arsenic-contaminated areas. In these regions, air, water, and soil are contaminated with ar…

Hidradenitis Suppurativa Prevalence in Santiago, Chile.

UNLABELLED: <p>Background: The worldwide prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) still remains unknown. In Latin America, there are scarce data regarding the prevalence of HS and in Chile, we do not have information about it. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HS in Santiago, Chile. METHODS: This study is part of the Global Hidradenitis Suppurativa Atlas (GHiSA) initiative. It was a multicenter center study in secondary care in Santiago, Chile. The inclusion criteria were apparently healthy adults accompanying a patient to the health center that were approached in the…

Ozone weekend effect in Santiago, Chile.

The study examined weekday-weekend differences in ozone, NO(x) (NO and NO(2)) and VOC concentrations in Santiago, Chile, from 1999 to 2007. The results provide evidence for the occurrence of an atmospheric phenomenon that produces higher ozone concentrations during weekends despite lower concentrations of ozone precursors. This phenomenon is known as the weekend effect (WE). The overall ozone decrease since the spring of 2004 was a consequence of the implementation of several urban pollution control measures. Although these measures caused a decline in the number of days that exceed the nation…

Эндемическая болезнь, похожая на тиф, Чили.

Сообщаем, что 54-летний мужчина, который был укушен несколькими наземными пиявками во время поездки на остров Чилоэ в южной части Чили в 2006 году, был укушен тифом. Молекулярный образец, идентифицированный как относящийся к цутсугамуши на основе последовательности гена 16S rRNA, был получен из биопсии эшара на ноге пациента. Серологический анализ показал, что иммуноглобулин G преобразуется в антиген целой клетки О. цутсугамуши. Этот случай и связанные с ним молекулярные анализы свидетельствуют о том, что в Западном полушарии присутствует агент, похожий на Ориентию, который может вызывать боле

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
We report a case of scrub typhus in a 54-year-old man who was bitten by several terrestrial leeches during a trip to Chiloé Island in southern Chile in 2006. A molecular sample, identified as related to Orientia tsutsugamushi based on the sequence of the16S rRNA gene, was obtained from a biopsy specimen of the eschar on the patient's leg. Serologic analysis …

Gastric cancer mass survey in Chile.

A Chilean publication in 1969 reported the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer to be 12% of operated patients and only 3% of all patients diagnosed with gastric cancer. Encouraged by the excellent results obtained in Japan through a massive study of the population, Chile initiated in 1978 a program for massive detection of gastric cancer. From May 1978 to December 1986, 42,492 persons were screened under this system. Gastric cancer was detected in 0.43% in the massive group, and in 1.27% in the symptomatic group. The rate of early cancer detected per all gastric cancer was 14.69% in the for…

Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Chile.

Of the 87 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) ascertained in Chile since 1931, 39 are familial accounting for 45% of all cases, and 25% of the 51 definite cases. There are 11 affected families with an average of 3.5 affected members per family, and a rate of occurrence consistent with autosomal dominant transmission. There is no evidence for maternal lineage, and age at death is not significantly different from that of sporadic cases. About half of the cases died around the same age, suggesting some form of vertical transmission. Three pairs of affected members in 3 different families die…

Incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in Chile.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to estimate amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) incidence and survival rates in the Metropolitan region of Chile. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study of ALS cases in the Metropolitan Region from 2016 to 2019. A total of 219 ALS patients were recruited from Corporación ELA-Chile registry, in collaboration with neurologists from Sociedad de Neurología, Psiquiatría y Neurocirugía de Chile. We calculated incidence rates by sex and age and determined median survival from onset and diagnosis. Survival analysis used the Kaplan-Meier statistic, estimating hazard ratios fo…

Knobloch syndrome in a patient from Chile.

Knobloch Syndrome (KS) is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease. Despite its clinical heterogeneity, it is characterized by vitreoretinal degeneration and high myopia, with or without occipital skull defects. It is caused by mutations in the COL18A1 gene, which codifies for collagen XVIII, present in retina and vascular endothelium. Since the first description of the disease by doctors Knobloch and Layer in 1972, over 100 cases and 20 pathogenic or likely pathogenic mutations have been reported. We present the case of a child born from a consanguineous couple in Chile with congenital h…