Результаты поиска

Paroxetine ameliorates corticosterone-induced myelin damage by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

Depression is frequently associated with demyelination in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and promoting remyelination can improve neuronal sign … d western blot were performed to evaluate the expression of myelin-associated proteins. The primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) were cultured in vitro. The results demonstrated that paroxetine significantly alleviated CORT-induced depressive-like behaviors, including increased sucrose preference and spontaneous activity in the open field, while reduced immobility time …

Oligodendrocyte precursor cell transplantation attenuates inflammation after ischemic stroke in mice.

BACKGROUND: Disruption of blood-brain barrier and neuroinflammation are critical pathological features in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. This study investigates whether oligodendrocyte precursor cell transplantation can downregulate inflammation to attenuate blood-brain barrier disruption following ischemic brain injury. METHODS: Adult male Institute of Cancer Research mice (n = 60) underwent transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Post ischemic assault, these mice received a stereotactic injection of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (6 × 105). Neurobehavioral outcomes, infarct volume…

Transcriptomic changes in oligodendrocytes and precursor cells associate with clinical outcomes of Parkinson's disease.

Several prior studies have proposed the involvement of various brain regions and cell types in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. Here, we performed snRNA-seq on the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate regions from a small cohort of post-mortem control and PD brain tissue. We found a significant association of oligodendrocytes (ODCs) and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) with PD-linked risk loci and report several dysregulated genes and pathways, including regulation of tau-protein kinase activity, regulation of inclusion body assembly and protein processing involved in protein targ…

Monosynaptic tracing maps brain-wide afferent oligodendrocyte precursor cell connectivity.

Neurons form bona fide synapses with oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), but the circuit context of these neuron to OPC synapses remains incompletely understood. Using monosynaptically-restricted rabies virus tracing of OPC afferents, we identified extensive afferent synaptic inputs to OPCs residing in secondary motor cortex, corpus callosum, and primary somatosensory cortex of adult mice. These inputs primarily arise from functionally-interconnecting cortical areas and thalamic nuclei, illustrating that OPCs have strikingly comprehensive synaptic access to brain-wide projection networks. …

The responses of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, astrocytes and microglia to a cortical stab injury, in the brain.

The cortical stab injury has been widely used for biochemical analysis of molecular changes following CNS injury. However, the cellular responses to this injury have not been accurately quantified. In order to provide a baseline for biochemical studies and future experiments on the manipulation of the CNS injury response we have undertaken a quantitative analysis of this injury. The proliferative and reactive responses of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, astrocytes and microglia were measured, using antibodies to NG2, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the cd11-b clone OX-42 to charact…

Agomelatine promotes differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and preserves white matter integrity after cerebral ischemic stroke.

White matter injury contributes to neurological disorders after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The repair of white matter injury is dependent on the re-myelination by oligodendrocytes. Both melatonin and serotonin antagonist have been proved to protect against post-stroke white matter injury. Agomelatine (AGM) is a multi-functional treatment which is both a melatonin receptor agonist and selective serotonin receptor antagonist. Whether AGM protects against white matter injury after stroke and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, using the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tM

Impact of the Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Antagonist Nimodipine on the Development of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). While most of the current treatment strategies focus on immune cell regulation, except for the drug siponimod, there is no therapeutic intervention that primarily aims at neuroprotection and remyelination. Recently, nimodipine showed a beneficial and remyelinating effect in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Nimodipine also positively affected astrocytes, neurons, and mature oligodendrocytes. Here we investigated the effects of nimodipine, an L-type voltage-g

Изоляция олигодендроцитных ячеек прекурсора с иммуномагнитными бортами для их лучшей жизнеспособности в Витро и Ин Виво.

Олигодендроциты (Olgodendrocytes) являются глиальными клетками, которые миленизируют аксоны в центральной нервной системе (CNS). Эти клетки образуются из олигодендроцитов-прекурсоров (ОРК) в ходе развития CNS, и население ОКН, остающееся у взрослого, несет ответственность за спонтанное ремиилирование таких демиелионирующих заболеваний, как множественный склероз (MS). Таким образом, ОПС представляют собой интересный источник регенеративной терапии. Здесь мы описываем обновленный протокол изоляции ОПС, основанный на технологии отделения магнитных клеток (MACS) и олигодендроглиальных маркеров. По

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are glial cells that myelinate axons in the central nervous system (CNS). These cells are generated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) during CNS development, and the population of OPCs that remain in the adult is responsible for spontaneous remyelination in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Thus, OPCs re…

TIP30 inhibits oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation via cytoplasmic sequestration of Olig1.

Differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is a prerequisite for both developmental myelination and adult remyelination in the central nervous system. The molecular mechanisms underlying OPC differentiation remain largely unknown. Here, we show that the thirty-kDa HIV-1 Tat interacting protein (TIP30) is a negative regulator in oligodendrocyte development. The TIP30(-/-) mice displayed an increased myelin protein level at postnatal day 14 and 21. By using a primary OPC culture system, we demonstrated that overexpression of TIP30 dramatically inhibited the stage progression of di…

Isolation and characterization of an oligodendrocyte precursor-derived B-cell epitope in multiple sclerosis.

In a search for possible central nervous system-specific autoantigens in multiple sclerosis (MS), a lambda-phage protein expression library was constructed from an oligodendrocyte-precursor cell line. The library was screened with pooled cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 54 patients with definite MS according to the criteria of Poser. Pooled CSF samples from 44 patients with other neurological diseases including bacterial meningitis and viral encephalitis were used as control. A total of 1,000,000 colonies were screened and 6 positive clones were detected. At the DNA level none of the sequences s

IKAP deficiency in an FD mouse model and in oligodendrocyte precursor cells results in downregulation of genes involved in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelin formation.

The splice site mutation in the IKBKAP gene coding for IKAP protein leads to the tissue-specific skipping of exon 20, with concomitant reduction in IKAP protein production. This causes the neurodevelopmental, autosomal-recessive genetic disorder - Familial Dysautonomia (FD). The molecular hallmark of FD is the severe reduction of IKAP protein in the nervous system that is believed to be the main reason for the devastating symptoms of this disease. Our recent studies showed that in the brain of two FD patients, genes linked to oligodendrocyte differentiation and/or myelin formation are signific

Effects of Aging on Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells and Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

Aging and vascular comorbidities such as hypertension comprise critical cofactors that influence how the brain responds to stroke. Ischemic … ne in 12-month-old SHRs were lower than 3-month-old SHRs at day 3. Similarly, numbers of PDGFR-α(+) oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in the corpus callosum were lower in 12-month-old SHRs at day 3. Lower levels of NSPC and OPC numbers were accompanied by lower expression levels of phosphorylated CREB. By day 14 postischemia, NSPC and OPC numbers in 12-month-old SHRs recove …

Генетическое регулирование дедукции приемников GABAB из Олигодендроцитных ячеек-предшественников защищает от обезвоживания в мышечной корде.

GABAergic сигнализаторы и рецепторы GABAB играют важнейшую роль в регулировании физиологии клеток олигодендроцитов, включая их распространение, дифференциацию и миелинирование. Поэтому они являются перспективными целями для изучения того, как клетки-прекурсоры спинного олигодендроцита (ОПК) реагируют на травмы и нейродегенеративные заболевания, такие, как множественный склероз. Воспользовавшись темпераментально контролируемым и специфическим для клеток генетическим регулированием рецепторов GABAB из OPC, наше исследование рассматривает их конкретное влияние на поведение OPC в серых и белых час

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
GABAergic signaling and GABAB receptors play crucial roles in regulating the physiology of oligodendrocyte-lineage cells, including their proliferation, differentiation, and myelination. Therefore, they are promising targets for studying how spinal oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) respond to injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like multiple scleros…

[Protective effect of transplantation of human oligodendrocyte precursor cells in a rat model of white matter injury].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of human oligodendrocyte precursor cell (hOPC) transplantation in the treatment of white matter injury (WMI). METHODS: Neonatal rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group, and a transplantation group (n=10 each). At the age of 3 days, the rats in the model group and the transplantation group were treated with right common carotid artery ligation, followed by hypoxia for 2 hours, to prepare a rat model of WMI. hOPCs were isolated from a spontaneously aborted human fetal brain at week 11 of gestation, and then hOPCs were cultured and tra

Микроглийные экзосомы модернизируют регенерацию миелина посредством активации траектории сигнала Nrf2 в клетках-прекурсорах олигодендроцитов в MS.

Демиелинизация является одной из характерных черт множественного склероза (MS), где способность поврежденных районов регенерировать миелин ограничена. В этих районах накапливаются клетки-прекурсоры олигодендроциты (ОПК), но при этом борются за зрелость в олигодендроциты (ОПГ). Микроглия также собирается на месте поражения, но их влияние на дифференциацию ОПС не вполне понятно. Здесь мы обнаружили, что miR-155-5p был значительно повышен в экспресс-профиле экзосом, извлекаемых из активированного микроглии. Эта miRNA связывается с 3' UTR коэффициента транскрипции Nrf2 в OPC, что препятствует их д

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Demyelination is a prominent feature of multiple sclerosis (MS), where the ability of damaged areas to regenerate myelin is limited. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) accumulate in these areas but struggle to mature into oligodendrocytes (OLGs). Microglia also gather at the lesion site, but their impact on OPCs differentiation is not well understood. He…

Идентификация генов, связанных с Ферроптозом и Гипоксией, в олигодендроцитных клетках, созданных на основе iPSC, от множественных склерозных пациентов.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое провокационное расстройство, характеризующееся обезвоживанием, с неудачным восстановлением, приводящим к постепенной потере аксона в хронической фазе. Клетки-прекурсоры олигодендроциты (ОПК) имеют решающее значение для ремиелиции. Недавние исследования показывают, что как гипоксия, так и ферроптоз играют важнейшую роль в дисфункциональной дифференциации ОПС. Цель этого исследования заключается в выявлении ключевых генов, связанных с гипоксией и ферропотозом и иммунной инфильтрацией в ОПС, которые получены из индуцированных плюрипотентных стволовых клето

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by demyelination, with failed remyelination leading to progressive axon loss in chronic stages. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are critical for remyelination. Recent studies suggest that both hypoxia and ferroptosis play crucial roles in the dysfunctional differentiation of OPCs…

Deciphering the Genetic Crosstalk between Microglia and Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells during Demyelination and Remyelination Using Transcriptomic Data.

Demyelinating disorders show impaired remyelination due to failure in the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes, a process driven by microglia-OPC crosstalk. Through conducting a transcriptomic analysis of microarray studies on the demyelination-remyelination cuprizone model and using human samples of multiple sclerosis (MS), we identified molecules involved in this crosstalk. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of specific regions/cell types were detected in GEO transcriptomic raw data after cuprizone treatment and in MS sampl

Lack of astrocytes hinders parenchymal oligodendrocyte precursor cells from reaching a myelinating state in osmolyte-induced demyelination.

Demyelinated lesions in human pons observed after osmotic shifts in serum have been referred to as central pontine myelinolysis (CPM). Astrocytic damage, which is prominent in neuroinflammatory diseases like neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS), is considered the primary event during formation of CPM lesions. Although more data on the effects of astrocyte-derived factors on oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and remyelination are emerging, still little is known about remyelination of lesions with primary astrocytic loss. In autopsy tissue from patients with CPM as well as…

Identification and quantification of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy and Parkinson's disease.

Multiple system atrophy is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized pathologically by abnormal accumulations of α-synuclein in the cytoplasm of oligodendrocytes, which are termed glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs). Oligodendrocytes are responsible for myelinating axons and providing neurotrophic support, but in MSA, myelin loss, axonal loss and gliosis are consistent features suggesting that GCIs play a central role in disease pathogenesis. Oligodendroglial, myelin and axonal degeneration are also features of multiple sclerosis (MS) in which recent studies have highlighted the robust remyel

Temporal changes in metabolism guide oligodendrocyte precursor cell dynamics in aging and multiple sclerosis.

Impaired oligodendrocyte precursor cell (OPC) differentiation limits myelin renewal in aging and contributes to multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. How aging drives OPC deficits remains incompletely understood. We find dysregulation of genes associated with the circadian clock, including Bmal1, and metabolism in aged compared with young OPCs. Targeted loss of Bmal1 in OPCs drives metabolic dysfunction, leading to cellular senescence and impaired dynamics. OPC proliferation and differentiation occur at different rates throughout the day in young adult mice and become disrupted with aging. Chro