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Kawasaki disease in Oman--a clinical study.

A total of 39 patients were diagnosed to have Kawasaki disease by the standard diagnostic criteria, at The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman, during the period January 1995 to August 2002. A retrospective analysis of the case records of the patients with the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease was done. The results of the clinical features and the laboratory manifestations of the patients, who are from the Middle East region, are presented. The peak age at presentation was 6-30 months, mean 29 months. Peak months of the occurrence of the disease were March and October. Oral lesions were found in all case…

Brucellosis in children of Dhofar Region, Oman.

OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiological and clinical pattern of brucellosis in children of Dhofar and to ascertain the efficacy of a pre-determined antibiotic regimen to treat the disease. METHODS: The study was hospital based and was carried out prospectively for 3 years. All cases diagnosed to have brucellosis on clinical and serological basis were entered into the study. The epidemiological background and clinical presentations were analyzed and the clinical response to a combination of oral rifampicin and co-trimoxazole was evaluated. RESULTS: Three hundred and seventy five cases of bruc

Poliomyelitis in Oman. I. The last outbreak?

Since 1988, the Sultanate of Oman has experienced three outbreaks of paralytic poliomyelitis. The last outbreak occurred in December 1993 and involved two children aged 10 months and 4 1/2 years. The children had received five and four doses, respectively, of trivalent oral polio vaccine (OPV) and lived in the same village. Serum neutralizing antibody tests suggested that paralytic polio in these children was due to poor antibody response to OPV. Wild poliovirus type 1 was isolated from both patients, as well as from seven of ten close contacts of the older child, and one of eight contacts of …

Ophthalmomyiasis in Oman: a case report and comments.

A case of external ophthalmomyiasis caused by the first instar larvae of the sheep nasal botfly (Oestrus ovis) has been reported for the first time from the Sultanate of Oman, Southern Arabia. Sixty larvae were removed from the left eye of a 21-year-old male student, who acquired the infection during a field trip. The manual removal of larvae using a swab stick was the only effective treatment. The larval characteristics are described with illustrations, and the status of O ovis ophthalmomyiasis in the Middle East is discussed. The folk treatment administered for fly-mediated ophthalmomyiasis …

Molecular characterization of G6PD deficiency in Oman.

Screening of unselected university students in the Sultanate of Oman revealed an overall frequency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency of 26% in males. Samples from 23 G6PD-deficient individuals (a random sub-sample of the student population), were characterised biochemically and at the molecular level. Of 20 deficient men, 15 had G6PD Mediterranean, 2 had G6PD Chatham, 1 had G6PD A- and in 2 the mutation is not yet known. Of the 3 G6PD-deficient woman, 2 were homozygous for the G6PD Mediterranean mutation and 1 was a genetic compound, G6PD Mediterranean/G6PD A- (the first r…

The frequency of posterior urethral valves in Oman.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the frequency of posterior urethral valves (PUV) in Oman, using hospital records. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The resident population of Oman is 1.5 million and all complex paediatric surgical cases are referred to a single unit in the capital city of Muscat. A register of patients has been kept in that unit since 1988. Hospital case-records were reviewed to determine associated abnormalities, date and place of birth, tribal origin and, from further interviews, the family pedigree and degree of consanguinity. RESULTS: This retrospective survey identified 56 Omani children …

In-Hospital and One-Year Clinical Outcome of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Tertiary Hospital in Oman: Oman PCI Registry.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the in-hospital and one-year clinical outcome of patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a tertiary hospital in Oman. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, single-center, observational study looking at patients > 18 years old who underwent a PCI from 1 January to 31 December 2013. The primary end point was the occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), defined as death, any myocardial infarction (MI), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and target vessel revascularization (TVR) with either repeat PCI or…

Rigid Spine Syndrome among Children in Oman.

OBJECTIVES: Rigidity of the spine is common in adults but is rarely observed in children. The aim of this study was to report on rigid spine syndrome (RSS) among children in Oman. METHODS: Data on children diagnosed with RSS were collected consecutively at presentation between 1996 and 2014 at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH) in Muscat, Oman. A diagnosis of RSS was based on the patient's history, clinical examination, biochemical investigations, electrophysiological findings, neuro-imaging and muscle biopsy. Atrophy of the paraspinal muscles, particularly the erector spinae, was t…

Unverricht-Lundborg progressive myoclonus epilepsy in Oman.

We analyzed the clinical, electrophysiologic, and genetic features of Omani Arab patients suspected of manifesting the Unverricht-Lundborg form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Ten patients (five boys, five girls; mean age at onset, 10.2 years) were evaluated. Unverricht-Lundborg disease was confirmed in all by detection of dodecamer repeat expansion mutations in the EPM1 gene. There was no correlation between age at onset or severity of disease with sizes of dodecamer repeats. Myoclonic seizures were the presenting symptom in 70% of patients. Myoclonus was severe in adolescence, but remaine…

Hairy Cell Leukaemia in Oman: Four cases.

Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a rare, clonal, chronic lymphoproliferative disorder commonly seen in males in the middle years of life. Pancy … isease. We report four cases of HCL diagnosed in a span of two years at the Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.

Relapsed acute leukemia in children: Oman experience.

Acute leukemia (AL) is the most common malignancy in children in Oman. It accounts for over one-third of all childhood cancers, most of which (approximately 75%) are acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Over a decade, a total of 128 cases of childhood acute leukemia have been diagnosed and managed at Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Unit, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, which is the national referral center of pediatric leukemia cases. A retrospective review of case notes was used to study all children with a diagnosis of acute leukemia from January 1993 to January 2003. All the cases were di…

Hepatitis B Related Liver Cirrhosis in Oman.

OBJECTIVES: An estimated 887 000 deaths were due to chronic hepatitis B (CHB) related complications in 2015 worldwide. Most of these deaths were related to decompensated liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oman is a country with an intermediate prevalence of CHB. The Hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in Oman in 1990, with a vaccine coverage rate of > 95% reported in 2005. Despite the association between CHB and liver cirrhosis and HCC, no available data from Oman demonstrates CHB-related liver cirrhosis. We sought to estimate the prevalence of CHB among patients with liver cir…

The super sickling haemoglobin HbS-Oman: a study of red cell sickling, K+ permeability and associations with disease severity in patients heterozygous for HbA and HbS-Oman (HbA/S-Oman genotype).

Studying different sickle cell genotypes may throw light on the pathogenesis of sickle cell disease (SCD). Here, the clinical profile, red cell sickling and K+ permeability in 29 SCD patients (15 patients with severe disease and 14 with a milder form) of HbA/S-Oman genotype were analysed. The super sickling nature of this Hb variant was confirmed. The red cell membrane permeability to K+ was markedly abnormal with elevated activities of Psickle , Gardos channel and KCl cotransporter (KCC). Results were consistent with Ca2+ entry and Mg2+ loss via Psickle stimulating Gardos channel and KCC acti…

Hypothermia in Preterm Neonates in Oman: A Retrospective Study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of hypothermia among preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation and whether their temperature at admission is associated with neonatal and maternal risk factors and gestational age. Furthermore, the study evaluates the association between admission temperature, neonatal morbidity, and in-hospital mortality. METHODS: This study involved an eight-year retrospective analysis of preterm neonates born < 32 weeks of gestation and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at a tertiary hospital in Oman, from 2010 to 2017. RESULTS: The study included…

Elimination of endemic measles and rubella transmission in Oman.

OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the study is to describe the five lines of evidence of measles and rubella elimination in Oman. METHODS: A descriptive record review of the national surveillance database of fever and rash illnesses (measles and rubella surveillance) to demonstrate elimination status. RESULTS: A total of 532 and 73 cases of measles and rubella cases were reported during 2000-2022, respectively. Of the reported measles cases during 2000-2022, 106 were sporadic cases and 36 outbreaks (426 cases) were reported. The size of the outbreaks was largely small and the largest and the…

Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Oman: A Situational Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is increasingly prevalent in Oman. The aim of this situational analysis of PE among Omani patients was to study its predisposing factors, diagnostic issues, and optimal management. METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional situational analysis, the subjects were Omani patients who were diagnosed with acute PE using computed tomography pulmonary angiogram from 2010-2021. The required data was collected from the hospital database and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The subjects were 438 patients diagnosed with PE, with a mean age of 53.3±18.5 years and…

Discontinuation of hormonal contraception in Oman: prevalence and reasons.

BACKGROUND: Discontinuation of hormonal contraceptives is an important contributor to unmet need of contraception. AIMS: To determine the discontinuation rate and the reasons for discontinuation of hormonal contraception among Omani women. METHODS: This was a 2-stage sampling, multicentre, retrospective cohort study conducted in 2018 at primary health care centres in Muscat Region, Oman. It included newly registered users of hormonal contraceptives in birth spacing clinics from January to December 2016 and the course of care over the following 12 months. A telephone interview was conducted t…

Эпидемиология менингита в Омане - последствия для будущего наблюдения.

ЦЕЛИ: Цель данного исследования заключалась в том, чтобы понять эпидемиологию случаев менингита, принятых в больницы Омана, и выявить любые изменения в микробных схемах после внедрения новых вакцин. МЕТОДЫ: Ретроспективный анализ всех случаев менингита, о которых сообщалось в рамках национальной системы наблюдения. Менингит - это поддающееся уведомлению заболевание. Результаты: Из 581 случая менингита за период с 1 января 2005 года по 31 декабря 2013 года 15% (88) были признаны бактериальными по происхождению и 7,2% (42/581) вирусными. В 50,9% (296) пациентов с предполагаемым пиогенным менинги

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to understand the epidemiology of meningitis cases admitted to hospitals in Oman and to identify any changing microbial patterns from the introduction of the new vaccines. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all cases of meningitis reported through a national surveillance system. Meningitis is a notifiable disease. RESULTS: Of…

Adolescents and adults with congenital heart diseases in oman.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study was to examine the spectrum, demographics, and mortality rate among adolescents and adults with congenital heart diseases (CHD) in Oman. METHODS: Data was collected retrospectively from the Royal Hospital, Muscat, electronic health records for all patients with a diagnosis of CHD aged 13 years and above. Data was analyzed according to the type of CHD and in-hospital mortality was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS: A total of 600 patients with CHD were identified, among them 145 (24%) were aged 18 years or below. The median age was 24 year…

Experience of intravitreal injections in a tertiary Hospital in Oman.

AIM: To find out statistical data regarding intravitreal injections in an outpatient department setup at a tertiary center in Oman. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. METHODS: Data collection of patients who underwent intravitreal injections from November 2009 to May 2013 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital. RESULTS: Throughout a period of 42 months, a total of 711 intravitreal injections were performed. That included 214 patients (275 eyes). Around one-third of the eyes received two injections or more. The injected agents were bevacizumab (59.8%), ranibizumab (32.3%), triamcinolone (7.5%…