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Vitamin A supply and biochemical development of the rat heart: studies on cellular DNA, RNA and protein.

The effect of restricted vitamin A supply to the mother on the biochemical development of the heart in rats has been studied. The vitamin A status of female rats was varied by supplying low, medium and adequate amounts (6, 40, 100 micrograms retinol/day/kg body weight respectively) of vitamin A during pregnancy and suckling. The vitamin A status of the mother caused an alteration in the developmental pattern of fetal heart in parameters of tissue weight, DNA, RNA and protein contents and the biosynthesis of DNA and protein from [3H]-thymidine and [3H]-leucine respectively. A dose-dependent eff

Use of uterine artery embolization to prevent peripartum hemorrhage of placental abruption with fetal demise & severe DIC.

Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is typically not indicated in the pre-operative management of pregnancies with a live fetus, because risk of fetal death from reduced uteroplacental blood flow. However, pre-operative UAE in pregnancies with a fetal demise poses no fetal risk, and may offer maternal benefits. Patients with placental abruption resulting in fetal demise are at high-risk for developing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which could have devastating complications such as peri-operative hemorrhage and death. This case report describes the first successful execution of a

Effectiveness of a prenatal behavior change communication intervention on maternal-fetal bonding: A randomized controlled trial in a tertiary care setting.

PROBLEM: Maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) plays a critical role in determining maternal health and influencing child developmental outcomes. However, structured behavioral interventions designed to enhance MFA are seldom included in antenatal care practices. BACKGROUND: MFA forms the foundation of the maternal-child bond. This early relationship is critical for maternal mental health and serves as a precursor to the child's socio-emotional and behavioral development. AIM: This study aimed to determine whether a behavioral communication intervention could enhance maternal-fetal attachment. ME

Highlights from the 2024 annual meeting of the fetal, infant, and Toddler Neuroimaging Group (FIT'NG).

The Fetal, Infant, and Toddler Neuroimaging Group (FIT'NG) is a scientific society advancing research on fetal, perinatal, infant, and early childhood brain and behavioral development through neuroimaging, encompassing theoretical, technical, fundamental, and clinical dimensions. It unites researchers across physics, neuroscience, cognitive science, psychology, computer science, biomedical engineering, and medicine, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration among leading laboratories in the field. The annual FIT'NG conference serves as a key forum for exchanging new ideas and methods, addressi

Inflammation at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Mechanisms Linking Maternal-Fetal Immunity to Preeclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction.

Inflammation is a physiological and tightly regulated component of normal pregnancy, contributing to implantation, placental development, and the initiation of parturition. The placenta functions as an active immunological hub, coordinating innate and adaptive immune responses to maintain tolerance while protecting against infection. Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction (FGR) are major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity worldwide and represent central manifestations of placental disease. Increasing evidence indicates that these conditions share key pathophysiological mechanisms, i

Maternal overweight and obesity during pregnancy and sex-dependent dysregulation of the materno-fetal stress axis.

OBJECTIVE: Maternal obesity and excess gestational weight gain (GWG) are linked to adverse perinatal outcomes, potentially via disruption of the maternal-fetal stress axis. Placental HSD11B2 protects the fetus from excess glucocorticoids and may influence fetal programming during maternal metabolic stress. The present study assessed maternal overweight and GWG effects on stress axis and fetal development. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of 175 singleton pregnancies at Charité University Berlin, recruited by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI: normal, overweight, obese). Maternal wei…

Evaluation of colostrum-coated ZnO nanoparticles (C-ZnONPs) in attenuating valproic acid-induced prenatal toxicity.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic and mood-stabilizing drug, but its use during pregnancy is associated with oxidative s … nd growth, whereas 50 mg/kg restored antioxidant balance, markedly reduced resorption, and improved fetal development. Both doses reduced morphological deformities, though not linearly. Collectively, these findings suggest that C-ZnONPs may attenuate VPA-induced oxidative stress and developmental abnormalities, although further mechanistic and translational studies …

The intrauterine microbiome-neurodevelopment axis: decoding the prenatal microbial imprint on lifelong mental health.

INTRODUCTION: The traditional view of a sterile intrauterine environment has been challenged by sequencing studies detecting low-biomass microbial DNA in placenta, amniotic fluid, and fetal tissues. These findings suggest that maternal microbiota-derived signals may contribute to fetal brain development and influence long-term neuropsychiatric outcomes. CONTENT: This narrative review synthesizes evidence from over 90 preclinical and clinical studies examining maternal microbiota-fetal brain interactions. Maternal immune activation - characterized by elevated cytokines such as interleukin (IL)

Dose-response assessment of dipentyl phthalate effects on testosterone production and morphogenesis of late-gestation fetal rat testis.

Dipentyl phthalate (DPeP) is a potent male reproductive toxicant that reduces fetal testicular testosterone production and induces abnormal fetal testis morphology, including multinucleated germ cells (MNGs). We aimed to test whether testosterone production, MNG density, or gene expression would be most sensitive to DPeP exposure and to determine which transcriptomic processes are initiated at the lowest DPeP dose. Timed pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 0, 1, 11, 33, 100, or 300 mg DPeP/kg/d by oral gavage from GD 17-21. For comparison to DPeP, additional rats were exposed to vincl

The China Birth Cohort-Environmental and Genetic Factors (CBC-EG) Study: Design, Aims, Protocol, Findings, and Prospects.

Early life, including the embryonic period, is particularly vulnerable to environmental exposures. Previous studies have largely focused on the relationship between individual environmental factors and population health. In reality, individuals are exposed to multiple environmental factors, which together form an "exposome" that reflects the environmental influences on human health. Exposome-based analyses utilizing biological samples have been conducted in various countries to assess the impacts of environmental endocrine disruptors and other pollutants on maternal and fetal health during pre

Advanced profiling and structural analysis of anencephaly gangliosides by ion mobility tandem mass spectrometry.

Anencephaly, the most severe type of neural tube defects (NTDs) in humans, occurs between the third and fourth gestational weeks (GW), involves the cranial part of the NT and results in the absence of the forebrain and skull. Exposed to amniotic fluid toxicity, neural tissue is degraded and prevented from development. Currently, little is known about the molecular bases of the disease and the possible involvement of glycans. In this context, considering the role played by gangliosides (GGs) in fetal brain development and the previous achievements of ion mobility separation (IMS) mass spectrome

Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of the Neurodevelopmental Consequences of Fetal Protein Deficiency: Insights From Rodent Models and Public Health Implications.

Fetal brain development requires increased maternal protein intake to ensure that offspring reach their optimal cognitive potential in infancy and adulthood. While protein deficiency remains a prevalent issue in developing countries, it is also reemerging in Western societies due to the growing adoption of plant-based diets, some of which are monotonous and may fail to provide sufficient amino acids crucial for the brain's critical developmental phase. Confounding variables in human nutritional research have impeded our understanding of the precise impact of protein deficiency on fetal neurode

Prenatal Sildenafil and Fetal-placental Programming in Human Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction: A Retrospective Gene Expression Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Fetal growth restricted (FGR) offspring are more susceptible to develop cardiovascular and renal disease. The potential therapeutic value of sildenafil to improve fetal growth has recently been evaluated in several randomized clinical trials. Here we investigate whether administration of sildenafil during pregnancies complicated by FGR influences fetal-placental programming profiles, especially related to cardiorenal development and disease. METHODS: We collected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and placental tissue within the Dutch STRIDER trial, in which sildenafil

Ультразвуковые характеристики развития в Гвинейских свиньях: сходства с беременностью человека.

ИСТОРИЯ ВОПРОСА: Биометрические исследования и анализ кровотока имеют основополагающее значение для оценки развития фетоплацета во время беременности. Гвинейские свиньи были предложены в качестве хорошей модели для изучения развития плода и связанных с этим осложнений, связанных с гестацией; однако продольный рост и изменения кровотока в утробе не были должным образом описаны. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы описать рост плода и плаценты и кровотечение основных внутриматочных сосудистых кроватей в ходе обычной беременности среди свиней-мореносцев, а также обсудить актуальность эт

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Biometrical and blood flow examinations are fundamental for assessing fetoplacental development during pregnancy. Guinea pigs have been proposed as a good model to study fetal development and related gestational complications; however, longitudinal growth and blood flow changes in utero have not been properly described. This study aimed to descri…

Effects of Pregnant Fatigue on the Development of Offspring in Rats.

AIM: To explore the correlation between pregnant fatigue and intrauterine physical and neural development of offspring in rats. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley pregnant rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a mild fatigue group (stand in water for 6 hours/day), and a severe fatigue group (stand in water for 15 h/day). The levels of lactic acid, 5-Hydroxytryptamine and Interleukin-6 in cardiac serum of rats were used to evaluate the fatigue. The expression of S100β in the telencephalon, Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the liver and Cyclooxygenage-2 (COX-2) in the small intest

Benefits of Vitamin D Supplementation on Pregnancy of Rats with Pregestational Diabetes and Their Offspring.

Studies on vitamin D supplementation have been performed in experimental and clinical investigations considering gestational diabetes and/or … d increased reduced thiol group levels, contributing to suitable intrauterine conditions for better fetal development, which was confirmed by higher fetal viability rates. Thus, this study shows the effects and mechanisms of vitamin D supplementation on pre-existing diabetes in pregnant rats, confirming its beneficial effects on maternal redox status and glycemic c …

Inhibition of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Causes Malformations in Rats and Rabbits: Comparison of Mammalian Findings and Alternative Assays.

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is an enzyme within the de novo lipogenesis (DNL) pathway and plays a role in regulating lipid metabolism. Pharmacologic ACC inhibition has been an area of interest for multiple potential indications including oncology, acne vulgaris, metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. A critical role for ACC in de novo synthesis of long-chain fatty acids during fetal development has been demonstrated in studies in mice lacking Acc1, where the absence of Acc1 results in early embryonic lethality. F…

Maternal Prenatal Stress, Thyroid Function and Neurodevelopment of the Offspring: A Mini Review of the Literature.

Fetal brain is extremely plastic and vulnerable to environmental influences that may have long-term impact on health and development of the offspring. Both the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid (HPT) axes are involved in stress responses, whereas, their final effectors, the Glucocorticoids (GCs) and the Thyroid Hormones (TH s), mediate several fundamental processes involved in neurodevelopment. The effects of these hormones on brain development are found to be time and dose-dependent. Regarding THs, the developing fetus depends on maternal supply of ho

Fetal thick corpus callosum: new insights from neuroimaging and neuropathology in two cases and literature review.

PURPOSE: To describe the correlation between fetal imaging (in vivo and ex vivo) and neuropathology in two fetuses at early gestational age (GA) with isolated thick corpus callosum (CC), a rare finding whose pathological significance and neuropathology data are scarce. METHODS: Two fetuses at 21-week GA underwent fetal MRI (fMRI) for suspected callosal anomalies at ultrasound (US). After fMRI results, termination of pregnancy (TOP) was carried out and post-mortem MRI (pmMRI) was performed. Neuropathology correlation consisted in macro and microscopic evaluation with sections prepared for hema

Assessment of radial glia in the frontal lobe of fetuses with Down syndrome.

Down syndrome (DS) occurs with triplication of human chromosome 21 and is associated with deviations in cortical development evidenced by simplified gyral appearance and reduced cortical surface area. Radial glia are neuronal and glial progenitors that also create a scaffolding structure essential for migrating neurons to reach cortical targets and therefore play a critical role in cortical development. The aim of this study was to characterise radial glial expression pattern and morphology in the frontal lobe of the developing human fetal brain with DS and age-matched controls. Secondly, we i