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Effects of maternal supplementation with fatty acid-balanced oil on the performance of sows and intestinal barrier function of offspring.

Dietary lipid supplementation improves sow reproductive performance, survival, and growth of piglets. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of maternal fatty acid-balanced oil (FABO) supplementation during late gestation and lactation on the reproductive performance of sows, and the growth performance and intestinal barrier function of their offspring. Twenty-four multiparous sows (Landrace × Large White) with similar parity (2.29 ± 0.25), body weight (BW; 223.60 ± 11.32 kg), and backfat (BF) thickness (17.10 ± 2.03 mm) were divided into 2 treatment groups (n = 12). The sows were

Oral Administration of a Probiotic Blend Modulates Immuno-Antioxidant Status, Semen Quality, Cytokines, and Endocrine Profiles in Rabbit Bucks.

Probiotics exert numerous beneficial effects on immunity, metabolic homeostasis, and intestinal health across species; however, their specific role in modulating semen quality and reproductive-related physiological parameters remains poorly understood. This study evaluates the effects of an orally administered multi-strain probiotic blend comprising Lacticaseibacillus casei, Bacillus subtilis, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Bifidobacterium bifidum (1:1:1:1 ratio) on semen quality, antioxidant, immune, and inflammatory responses in rabbit bucks. A total of 33 male New Zealand white rabbits

Understanding Ocular Surface Disease in Glaucoma: A Comparative Analysis of Symptoms and Objective Parameters.

Background Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy that may result in irreversible visual impairment and can diminish quality of life. Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) through topical eyedrops is usually the primary approach to managing glaucoma. However, long-term treatment poses a risk to ocular surface health, leading to ocular surface disease (OSD). Preservative-containing eyedrops are implicated in OSD development due to their detrimental effects on the tear film and goblet cell density. OSD symptoms may impact patient compliance due to local side effects. This study aims to assess

The gadB pathway confers oxidative stress tolerance in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SAL and acts synergistically with L-glutamate to restore intestinal barrier integrity.

INTRODUCTION: The therapeutic efficacy of probiotics is often limited by poor survival under gastrointestinal oxidative stress; however, stress adaptation mechanisms in Lactiplantibacillus remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the probiotic properties of a host-derived strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SAL, elucidated the molecular basis of its oxidative stress tolerance, and assessed whether L-glutamate (L-Glu) supplementation synergistically enhances its protective effects on intestinal barrier integrity. METHODS: Probiotic traits (gastrointestinal tolerance, antibacterial acti

[Effect of electroacupuncture at front-mu and back-shu points of large intestine on autophagy of Cajal interstitial cells in the colon of rats with slow transit constipation].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at front-mu and back-shu points of large intestine on autophagy of Cajal interstitial cells (ICCs) in the colon of rats with slow transit constipation (STC), and to analyze the mechanism of EA for mitigating STC. METHODS: Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, an EA group, a mosapride group, an EA+rapamycin (RAPA) group and an EA+3-methyladenine (3-MA) group, with 6 rats in each group. The STC model was established by intragastric administration with loperamide hydrochloride. In the EA group, the

[Protective effects and mechanisms of berberine hydrochloride on intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats with sepsis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective effect of berberine hydrochloride on intestinal mucosal barrier damage in sepsis rats and its mecha … group showed disordered arrangement of glandular tissue in the ileum mucosa, significantly reduced goblet cells, and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells, which were significantly improved in the Ber group but less improved in the DAPT group. Under electron microscopy, the LPS group showed extensive shedding of ileal microvilli and severe damage to th …

[Transcriptome sequencing analysis of gene expression differences in intestinal organoids of septic mice and the protective effects of myeloid differentiation factor 88 inhibitor].

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying sepsis-induced injury in mouse intestinal organoids and investigate the possible mechanisms or potential drug targets of myeloid differentiation factor 88 inhibitor [TJ-M2010-5 (TJ5)] on this condition. METHODS: Small intestinal organoids from C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were established and characterized using immunofluorescence for cell growth and proliferation marker nuclear antigen Ki-67, goblet cell marker mucin-2 (MUC-2), epithelial cell marker E-cadherin, and Paneth cell marker lysozyme (Lyz). Small intestinal organoids after

The diagnosis and management of Barrett's esophagus.

Since its description in the 1950s, the definition of Barrett's esophagus has evolved from the macroscopic visualization of gastric-appearing mucosa in the esophagus to the histologic identification of goblet cells confirming the presence of intestinal metaplasia within the esophagus. The length of intestinal metaplasia necessary to be classified as Barrett's, and the relationship between intestinal metaplasia of the esophagus and that limited to the cardia are all areas currently being evaluated. However, any segment of intestinal metaplasia is capable of undergoing dysplastic change and ulti…

Omega-3 PUFAs Mitigate Polytrauma-Induced Gut-Liver-Lung Inflammation and Organ Dysfunction via GPR120/PPAR-γ.

BACKGROUND: Severe polytrauma frequently triggers a systemic inflammatory response, culminating in fatal Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS). Although Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) possess well-documented anti-inflammatory properties, their role in modulating the gut-liver-lung inflammatory axis following polytrauma remains to be fully elucidated. This study investigated whether targeted Omega-3 PUFA administration could mitigate post-traumatic MODS, alongside concurrent changes in intestinal homeostasis and the GPR120/PPAR-γ signaling axis linked to TLR4/NLRP3-associated

Translocation and dissemination of commensal bacteria in post-stroke infection.

Bacterial infection is highly prevalent in patients who have had a stroke. Despite the potential contribution of micro-aspiration in post-stroke pneumonia, we found that the majority of the microorganisms detected in the patients who developed infections after having a stroke were common commensal bacteria that normally reside in the intestinal tracts. In a mouse model of ischemic stroke, post-stroke infection was only observed in mice that were born and raised in specific-pathogen-free facilities; this was not seen in mice that were born and raised in germ-free facilities. Using high-throughp

Limbal stem cell transplantation: an evidence-based analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this analysis is to systematically review limbal stem cell transplantation (LSCT) for the treatment of patients … test for LSCD is impression cytology, which detects the presence of conjunctival epithelium and its goblet cells on the cornea. However, in the opinion of a corneal expert, diagnosis is often based on clinical assessment, and in the expert's opinion, it is unclear whether impression cytology is more accurate and reliable than clinical assessment, especially fo …

The efficacy of dietary xylanase and phytase in broiler chickens fed expeller-extracted camelina meal.

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary phytase (PHY) and xylanase (XYL) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and intestinal characteristics in broilers fed corn-soybean meal-based diets with added expeller-extracted camelina meal (CM). The corn-soybean meal-based diets without or with CM was formulated to contain 2.9 or 2.7 g/kg non phytate phosphorus, respectively. A total of 384 male Ross 708 broilers were allocated to 8 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with 6 replicates per treatment, from 7 to 21 d post hatching. The experiment consisted

Oncologic Risk of Missed Appendiceal Tumors in Acute Appendicitis.

IMPORTANCE: Antibiotic-only management (AOM) for uncomplicated acute appendicitis is increasingly adopted, raising concern about missed appendiceal neoplasms. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence, histologic spectrum, and predictors of incidental appendiceal tumors after appendectomy for acute appendicitis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2021, at the tertiary surgical emergency center at Saint-Antoine Hospital in Paris, France. All consecutive adult patients undergoing appendectomy for acute

Akkermansia моноколонизация модифицирует микроглию и астроциты конкретным штаммом.

Микроглиа и астроциты являются основными глиальными клетками центральной нервной системы (КНС), и их функция определяется множеством факторов. Поступили сообщения о регулировании CNS glia микробиотой, хотя роль конкретных бактерий не была определена. Мы колонизировали мышей, свободных от микробов, с штаммом Akkermansia muciniphila (AmT) и романом A. muciniphila штамм BWH-H3 (Am-H3), изолированным от предмета с множественным склерозом, и по сравнению с мышами, колонизированными с штаммом BWH-E5 (Bc), изолированными от здорового контрольного предмета. Затем мы изучили влияние этих бактерий на ми

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… Goblet cell analysis Lectin labelling was performed on 50 μm sections of proximal colon from mono-colonized animals. Protocols were similar to those previously described [ 24 ]. … Since Akkermansia and Bc are known to degrade mucus [ 26 , 27 ], we investigated the gut mucus barrier and epithelial integrity by measuring goblet cells labelled for UEA-1 + and analyzed cell quantity and size. …

Фекальный мукопротеин MUC2 сокращается в множестве склерозов и ассоциируется с слизистой деградирующей бактерией.

Кишечный микробиом изменяется в MS и может способствовать болезням, нарушая кишечный барьер. Колониальный слизистой барьер, который состоит главным образом из слизистого белка 2 (MUC2), играет решающую роль в создании барьера между колоническими эпителиальными клетками и микробиомом. Поступали сообщения о разрушении кишечных эпителиальных и слизистых барьеров в случае воспламенительных заболеваний кишечника (ИБД) и болезни Паркинсона (ПД), но они не были изучены в контексте микробиомии в случае множественных склерозов (МС).МЕТОДЫ: Мы изучили эпителиальные узкие белковые белки zonulin occludins

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… The mucus barrier constitutes a single layer in the small intestine and a bi-layer in the colon; mucus is produced by specialised gut wall epithelial cells known as goblet cells. 12 Neural and immune factors contribute to the generation of new goblet cells 13 and to triggering the secretion of mucus … However, the possibility of decreased goblet cell production or secretion cannot be discounted, and future investigations will focus on this possibility using human intestinal biopsies. …

Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma Cytoreduction Outcomes and Perioperative Serum Tumor Marker Levels.

BACKGROUND: Appendiceal adenocarcinoma (AA) is a rare gastrointestinal cancer that frequently presents with peritoneal metastases; the standard of care for resectable peritoneal metastases from AA limited to the peritoneum is cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Three serum tumor markers (TMs)-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and cancer antigen 125 (CA125)-may play a role in preoperative and postoperative risk estimation and decision-making in patients undergoing CRS-HIPEC. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the asso

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Toluene (CAS No.108-88-3) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies).

Toluene is used to back-blend gasoline, as a chemical intermediate, and as a solvent; 920 million gallons were produced in the United States in 1988. Toxicology studies were conducted by administering toluene (greater than 99% pure) in corn oil by gavage to groups of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex for 13 weeks or by whole-body inhalation exposure for 14 or 15 weeks. NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis studies were conducted by whole-body inhalation exposure of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex for 15 months or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhim

[Effect of TFF3 on tight junction protein in eosinophilic chronic sinusitis and its related mechanism].

Objective: To study the effect of trefoil factor family (TFF) 3 on the expression of tight junctions (TJs) in the nasal mucosa epithelium of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS) and its mechanism. Methods: From September to December 2020, eligible patients from the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were recruited, including 11 control patients and 37 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), from whom nasal mucosa and nasal polyp tissue samples were collected. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the

The Effects of Artificial Sweeteners on Intestinal Nutrient-Sensing Receptors: Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde?

The consumption of artificial and low-calorie sweeteners (ASs, LCSs) is an important component of the Western diet. ASs play a role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, dysbiosis, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), and various inflammatory conditions. Intestinal nutrient-sensing receptors act as a crosstalk between dietary components, the gut microbiota, and the regulation of immune, endocrinological, and neurological responses. This narrative review aimed to summarize the possible effects of ASs and LCSs on intestinal nutrient-sensing receptors and their related functions. Based on the

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… These receptors are expressed not only on immune cells of the gastrointestinal mucosa but also on multiple cell types, including enteroendocrine cells, tuft cells, goblet cells, and Paneth cells [ 14 ]. … Goblet cells are expressed along the small and large intestines and produce mucin to protect the intestinal surface of the epithelium against bacterial invasion. …

Drug-Induced Periocular and Ocular Surface Disorders: An EAACI Position Paper.

Various systemic and topical medications can induce ocular and periocular cutaneous adverse effects (AEs), ranging from mild to severe. These AEs may lead to ocular surface (OS) damage and, in some cases, life-threatening complications. Drug-induced ocular adverse reactions are generally classified into two primary categories: toxic reactions and/or allergic hypersensitivity reactions, which can be IgE or non-IgE-mediated. Systemic antibiotics, antivirals, and anticonvulsants can trigger adverse reactions that may involve the OS. Drugs like antihistamines, beta-blockers, antipsychotics, antide

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… IL‐13‐mediated conjunctival goblet cell dysfunction may also contribute to decreased mucin production and tear film homeostasis [ 67 ]. … Contreras‐Ruiz L. and Masli S., “Immunomodulatory Cross‐Talk Between Conjunctival Goblet Cells and Dendritic Cells,” PLoS One 10, no. 3 (2015): e0120284. 138. …