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The progress of novel strategies on immune-based therapy in relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be cured with standard front-line immunochemotherapy, whereas nearly 30-40% of patients experience refractory or relapse. For several decades, the standard treatment strategy for fit relapsed/refractory (R/R) DLBCL patients has been high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (auto-SCT). However, the patients who failed in salvage treatment or those ineligible for subsequent auto-SCT have dismal outcomes. Several immune-based therapies have been developed, including monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, b

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… The most common TEAEs were pyrexia (69%, with 91% being grade 1–2), primarily associated with CRS (59%, all grade 1–2), and injection site reactions (47%). NEs occurred in 6% (3% each in grade 1 and grade 3) of patients. …

NF-κB in biology and targeted therapy: new insights and translational implications.

NF-κB signaling has been discovered for nearly 40 years. Initially, NF-κB signaling was identified as a pivotal pathway in mediating inflammatory responses. However, with extensive and in-depth investigations, researchers have discovered that its role can be expanded to a variety of signaling mechanisms, biological processes, human diseases, and treatment options. In this review, we first scrutinize the research process of NF-κB signaling, and summarize the composition, activation, and regulatory mechanism of NF-κB signaling. We investigate the interaction of NF-κB signaling with other importa

ICIMH 2022 Abstracts

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Withania somnifera: Progress towards a Pharmaceutical Agent for Immunomodulation and Cancer Therapeutics.

Chemotherapy is one of the prime treatment options for cancer. However, the key issues with traditional chemotherapy are recurrence of cancer, development of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, affordability, late-stage detection, serious health consequences, and inaccessibility. Hence, there is an urgent need to find innovative and cost-effective therapies that can target multiple gene products with minimal adverse reactions. Natural phytochemicals originating from plants constitute a significant proportion of the possible therapeutic agents. In this article, we reviewed the advances and t

Metabolic reprogramming in cancer and senescence.

The rising trend in global cancer incidence has caused widespread concern, one of the main reasons being the aging of the global population. Statistical data show that cancer incidence and mortality rates show a clear upward trend with age. Although there is a commonality between dysregulated nutrient sensing, which is one of the main features of aging, and metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells, the specific regulatory relationship is not clear. This manuscript intends to comprehensively analyze the relationship between senescence and tumor metabolic reprogramming; as well as reveal the impac

Therapeutic drug monitoring for cytotoxic anticancer drugs: Principles and evidence-based practices.

Cytotoxic drugs are highly efficacious and also have low therapeutic index. A great degree of caution needs to be exercised in their usage. To optimize the efficacy these drugs need to be given at maximum tolerated dose which leads to significant amount of toxicity to the patient. The fine balance between efficacy and safety is the key to the success of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics. However, it is possibly more rewarding to obtain that balance for this class drugs as the frequency of drug related toxicities are higher compared to the other therapeutic class and are potentially life threatening

Cobalamin deficiency, hyperhomocysteinemia, and dementia.

IntroductionAlthough consensus guidelines recommend checking serum B12 in patients with dementia, clinicians are often faced with various questions: (1) Which patients should be tested? (2) What test should be ordered? (3) How are inferences made from such testing? (4) In addition to serum B12, should other tests be ordered? (5) Is B12 deficiency compatible with dementia of the Alzheimer's type? (6) What is to be expected from treatment? (7) How is B12 deficiency treated?MethodsOn January 31st, 2009, a Medline search was performed revealing 1,627 citations related to cobalamin deficiency, hype

Cytokines in CAR T Cell-Associated Neurotoxicity.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells provide new therapeutic options for patients with relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies. However, neurotoxicity is a frequent, and potentially fatal, complication. The spectrum of manifestations ranges from delirium and language dysfunction to seizures, coma, and fatal cerebral edema. This novel syndrome has been designated immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). In this review, we draw an arc from our current understanding of how systemic and potentially local cytokine release act on the CNS, toward possible preventive and

Микробиота человека в области здравоохранения и отдельные раковые заболевания.

Большинство эпителиальных поверхностей нашего тела, пищеварительный тракт, дыхательные и врожденные системы, колонизируются большим количеством бактерий, археи, грибов, протозоанов и вирусов. Эти микробиота, особенно кишки, играют важную и полезную роль в пищеварении, метаболизме и синтезе витаминов. Их метаболиты стимулируют производство цитокина человеком, которое используется против потенциальных патогенов. На состав микробиоты влияет ряд внутренних и внешних факторов, включая питание, возраст, болезни и образ жизни. Такие изменения, называемые дисбиозом, могут быть связаны с развитием разл

HDACs in the Brain: From Chromatin Remodeling to Neurodegenerative Disease.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are key epigenetic regulators that influence chromatin remodeling, gene expression, and cellular plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS). This review provides a comprehensive overview of the classification and functional diversity of HDACs, with particular emphasis on their roles in neural progenitor cells, mature neurons, and glial populations. In neural stem and progenitor cells, HDACs modulate neurogenesis, fate specification, and lineage commitment. In differentiated neurons, HDACs govern synaptic plasticity, memory formation, and survival. In glial cell

The Application of CAR-T Cells in Haematological Malignancies.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells (CART) remain one of the most advanced and promising forms of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy. CART represent autologous, genetically engineered T lymphocytes expressing CAR, i.e. fusion proteins that combine components and features of T cells as well as antibodies providing their more effective and direct anti-tumour effect. The technology of CART construction is highly advanced in vitro and every element of their structure influence their mechanism of action in vivo. Patients with haematological malignancies are faced with the possibility of disease rela

42nd International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine

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Unraveling the triad of immunotherapy, tumor microenvironment, and skeletal muscle biomechanics in oncology.

The intricate interaction between skeletal muscle biomechanics, the tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy constitutes a pivotal research focus oncology. This work provides a comprehensive review of methodologies for evaluating skeletal muscle biomechanics, including handheld dynamometry, advanced imaging techniques, electrical impedance myography, elastography, and single-fiber experiments to assess muscle quality and performance. Furthermore, it elucidates the mechanisms, applications, and limitations of various immunotherapy modalities, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive ce

"Complimenting the Complement": Mechanistic Insights and Opportunities for Therapeutics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver and a leading cause of death in the US and worldwide. HCC remains a global health problem and is highly aggressive with unfavorable prognosis. Even with surgical interventions and newer medical treatment regimens, patients with HCC have poor survival rates. These limited therapeutic strategies and mechanistic understandings of HCC immunopathogenesis urgently warrant non-palliative treatment measures. Irrespective of the multitude etiologies, the liver microenvironment in HCC is intricately associated with chronic

Myokines in cancer: bridging molecular mechanisms to biomarker discovery and therapeutic innovation.

Exercise can regulate the physiological functions of the body by inducing the secretion of myokines, which are bioactive factors mainly secreted by muscle cells. This review classifies myokines based on their functional characteristics, including metabolic regulation (such as myostatin, interleukin-6), neuroregulation (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), cell proliferation/differentiation regulation (myogenic proteins), immune regulation (tumor necrosis factor- alpha), and factors involved in angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling (such as connective tissue growth factor).Cancer, as

Стратегии защиты от нейропии в множестве склерозов: обновление статуса и формирующиеся парадигмы.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: MS представляет собой континуум заболеваний, в котором с момента начала и с течением времени происходит злокачественное воспаление и нейродегенерация. Недавний прогресс в недостатке патобиологии MS создает новые перспективы для новых терапевтических стратегий нейрозащиты. ОБЛАСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ: Авторы кратко рассматривают механизмы, лежащие в основе воспаления и нейродегенерации в MS, и обсуждают нынешние и формирующиеся стратегии поощрения нейрозащиты в MS. Данные были получены в значительной степени на основе обширного обзора опубликованной литературы, имеющейся на PubMed (до 5 марта

Unraveling the Anti-Cancer Mechanisms of Antibiotics: Current Insights, Controversies, and Future Perspectives.

Cancer persists as a significant global health challenge, claiming millions of lives annually despite remarkable strides in therapeutic innovation. Challenges such as drug resistance, toxicity, and suboptimal efficacy underscore the need for novel treatment paradigms. In this context, the repurposing of antibiotics as anti-cancer agents has emerged as an attractive prospect for investigation. Diverse classes of antibiotics have exhibited promising anti-cancer properties in both in vitro and in vivo studies. These mechanisms include the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, generation o

Распространение CMV, EBV, HPV и HSV среди здорового населения Южной Азии: систематический обзор и метаанализ.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr (EBV), Human papillomavirus (HPV) и Herpes simlex вирус (HSV) являются вирусами ДНК, которые широко распространены среди населения. Хотя распространенность каждого из этих вирусов изучалась отдельно среди населения Южной Азии, никаких исследований, касающихся совместного распространения этих вирусов среди здоровых людей в Южной Азии, не проводилось. Систематический поиск проводился с использованием three базы данных (PubMed, Scopus и Cochrane Bibrary) и one поисковая система (научный сотрудник Google) для первоначальных исследований населения Южной Азии (опу

Current status and updated recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of plasma cell myeloma in Switzerland.

The availability of drugs such as thalidomide, bortezomib and lenalidomide changed the landscape in myeloma treatment and has extended the median survival up to 10 years with a substantial improvement in quality of life. This development prompted a Swiss expert panel to re-evaluate the current status and formulate updated clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of plasma cell myeloma. These recommendations should help clinicians in their decision making to achieve the best outcome based on currently available data.

36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine : Brussels, Belgium. 15-18 March 2016.

P001 - Sepsis impairs the capillary response within hypoxic capillaries and decreases erythrocyte oxygen-dependent ATP efflux R. M. Bateman, M. D. Sharpe, J. E. Jagger, C. G. Ellis P002 - Lower serum immunoglobulin G2 level does not predispose to severe flu. J. Solé-Violán, M. López-Rodríguez, E. Herrera-Ramos, J. Ruíz-Hernández, L. Borderías, J. Horcajada, N. González-Quevedo, O. Rajas, M. Briones, F. Rodríguez de Castro, C. Rodríguez Gallego P003 - Brain protective effects of intravenous immunoglobulin through inhibition of complement activation and apoptosis in a rat model of sepsis F. Esen